RESUMO
Screening for new bioactive peptides in South American anurans has been pioneered in frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa. All frogs of this genus have venomous skin secretions, i.e., a complex mixture of bioactive peptides against potential predators and pathogens that presumably evolved in a scenario of predator-prey interaction and defense against microbial invasion. For every new anuran species studied new peptides are found, with homologies to hormones, neurotransmitters, antimicrobials, and several other peptides with unknown biological activity. From Vittorio Erspamer findings, this genus has been reported as a "treasure store" of bioactive peptides, and several groups focus their research on these species. From 1966 to 2009, more than 200 peptide sequences from different Phyllomedusa species were deposited in UniProt and other databases. During the last decade, the emergence of high-throughput molecular technologies involving de novo peptide sequencing via tandem mass spectrometry, cDNA cloning, pharmacological screening, and surface plasmon resonance applied to peptide discovery, led to fast structural data acquisition and the generation of peptide molecular libraries. Research groups on bioactive peptides in Brazil using these new technologies, accounted for the exponential increase of new molecules described in the last decade, much higher than in any previous decades. Recently, these secretions were also reported as a rich source of multiple antimicrobial peptides effective against multidrug resistant strains of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and virus, providing instructive lessons for the development of new and more efficient nanotechnological-based therapies for infectious diseases treatment. Therefore, novel drugs arising from the identification and analysis of bioactive peptides from South American anuran biodiversity have a promising future role on nanobiotechnology.
Assuntos
Venenos de Anfíbios/química , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/química , Anuros/metabolismo , Nanotecnologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Venenos de Anfíbios/metabolismo , Venenos de Anfíbios/uso terapêutico , Animais , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/metabolismo , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/uso terapêutico , Anuros/classificação , Tratamento Farmacológico , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Pele/química , Pele/metabolismoRESUMO
In the search for new strategies to control Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae), several studies have successfully related pyriproxyfen (PPF) tarsal transference to breeding sites (autodissemination), as well as the sterilization potential of females exposed to PPF. Potential PPF autodissemination by mosquito feces after the ingestion of sugar baits has also been proposed. Therefore, the present work evaluated several parameters, e.g., fecal production, residuality under dry and aqueous conditions, PPF excretion affecting emergence inhibition (EI) by fecal deposits of Ae. aegypti fed with attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSBs) containing PPF as well as their reproductive potential. Females were fed with ATSBs offered as droplets and the feces were collected using filter paper and transferred to plastic cups with L3 larvae to evaluate EI. The residual effect of feces in aqueous and dry conditions and PPF excretion on EI was obtained by keeping the feces in water or dried for different time intervals and using feces collected at 24-h intervals, respectively. Females received a bloodmeal after feeding on ATSBs, eggs and larval counting expressed the reproductive potential. The fecal mass was not affected by PPF concentration, but EI increased from 33 to 54% as the PPF concentration increased. The PPF excretion in the feces exceeded 96 h. The residual effect in the EI for feces kept in water was reduced by more than 60% after 30 d but was not affected under dry conditions. The fecundity and fertility of the females were reduced up to 51% and 97%, respectively.
Assuntos
Aedes/efeitos dos fármacos , Fezes/química , Inseticidas , Controle de Mosquitos , Piridinas , Açúcares , Aedes/fisiologia , Animais , Feminino , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Several experiments with Anopheles darlingi Root, an important malaria vector in the Amazon region, were carried out in the laboratory, depending on the large-scale production of viable larvae and adults. Certainly, improvements in rearing conditions, including dietary requirements, can strongly affect mosquito production. In order to increase the production of this species in the laboratory, we first supplemented the regular larval diet (TetraMin Tropical Flakes) with different concentrations of vitamins and minerals and recorded several biological variables: survival and larval development time, emergence ratio, and adult longevity under a small-scale rearing condition. Second, we established an experimental design under regular lab-rearing conditions based on the concentration of vitamins and minerals that best contributed to the development of these anophelines, and evaluated the biological parameters already mentioned. Moreover, under regular rearing conditions, we recorded sex ratio, adult size, and longevity of adults fed with supplemented sucrose. The lowest concentration of vitamins (V5) and the average concentration of minerals (M3) increased larval survival and decreased larval development time compared with the control. Under regular rearing conditions, minerals provided higher larval survival and increased the longevity of adults fed with supplemented sucrose. Supplementing the regular larval diet and sucrose solutions with vitamins and minerals increased the production of immatures and the longevity of An. darlingi adults.
Assuntos
Anopheles/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Suplementos Nutricionais , Animais , Bioensaio/métodos , Dieta , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Longevidade , Malária/prevenção & controle , Malária/transmissão , Minerais , Mosquitos Vetores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Razão de Masculinidade , Análise de Sobrevida , VitaminasRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Bioprospection of plant products is used to discover new insecticides. METHODS: The larvicidal activity of ethanolic extract and triterpene (tingenone B) from the bark of Maytenus guianensis and their effect on pupation and emergence were evaluated against Aedes aegypti. RESULTS: Crude extract LC50 was 11.3 ppm and caused ejection of the larvae intestine; tingenone B LC50 was 14.8 ppm. Pupation was reduced by 20% and 10%, respectively; however, the emergence was not affected. CONCLUSIONS: The crude bark extract exhibited a higher larvicidal effect against the vector.
Assuntos
Aedes , Anopheles , Celastraceae , Inseticidas , Maytenus , Animais , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Larva , Mosquitos Vetores , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de PlantaRESUMO
Due to ethical issues associated with the use of blood for mosquito laboratory experiments, an artificial diet that supports the production of eggs and larvae is highly desirable. We report the development of an artificial diet using direct feeding on protein-rich sugar solution (PRSS) as an alternative to whole blood and evaluated its effects on several biologic parameters of Anopheles darlingi (Root). Field-collected females were fed with different PRSSs containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 200 and 400 mg/ml with or without supplemental salts. Engorged mosquitoes were monitored for survival to oviposition, before being forced to oviposit. The proportion ovipositing, number of eggs, and number of larvae were recorded for each treatment. Mosquitoes promptly engorged on PRSSs. The mean proportion of mosquitoes fed with PRSS that survived to oviposition did not differ statistically from that of blood-fed ones. The oviposition proportion of females fed with PRSS at 200 mg/ml was similar to that of blood-fed mosquitoes, whereas mean egg production was lower for most PRSS-fed females, except for those fed with BSA at 400 mg/ml. However, the mean larval production of PRSS-fed mosquitoes was significantly lower than that of blood-fed females. Although feeding An. darlingi on simple PRSS triggered oogenesis and embryogenesis, our results highlight the need for additional nutrients to increase the number of larvae to improve overall reproduction potential.
Assuntos
Anopheles/fisiologia , Controle de Mosquitos/instrumentação , Oviposição , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Anopheles/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dieta , Feminino , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larva/fisiologia , Oviposição/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
We surveyed areas of the state of Rondônia in western Amazon for phlebotomine, which are potential vectors of leishmaniasis. A total of 5,998 specimens were captured, resulting in the identification of 48 species within the Lutzomyia (99.98%) and Brumptomyia (0.02%) genera. The predominant species was Lutzomyia davisi, followed by Lutzomyia umbratilis, Lutzomyia llanosmartinsi, Lutzomyia c. carrerai, Lutzomyia dendrophyla, Lutzomyia nevesi and Lutzomyia whitmani. All sand flies identified as vectors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, i.e., Lu. davisi, Lu. umbratilis, Lu. c. carrerai and Lu. whitmani, were found in the surveyed areas.
Assuntos
Psychodidae/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Insetos Vetores/classificação , Leishmaniose Cutânea/transmissão , MasculinoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Mansonia Blanchard mosquitoes are aggressive and opportunistic, making it difficult for habitation in certain areas. However, there is no data regarding their rearing in laboratory in Brazil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different diet composition on the development of Mansonia humeralis immatures. The plant Pistia stratiotes was used as a substrate for larval attachment, and fish food (Tetra Marine® Flakes) and baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in various combinations were used as feed. Eggs and larvae were obtained from mosquitoes collected in the field using protected human catches, and the experiments were conducted in the laboratory (25-27°C and 70-80% relative humidity) with 200 larvae per container (n=15). Mortality rate, larval development time, pupation rate, emergence rate, and the number of eggs and larvae were recorded. Overall, a high mortality rate (0.5 - 0.7) was observed in the first 12 days of the experiment in all diets, up to 50% of adults emerged from the remaining larvae with a male to female ratio of 1.1 to 1.3. The use of yeast in combination with fish food resulted in lower mortality rate (0.52), a shorter larval development time (34 days), a higher pupation rate (0.21) and number of eggs (21 eggs) compared to the other diets. However, fertility was very low (1%) regardless of the diet used. The use of yeast is recommended as part of the diet offered to this mosquito species under the laboratory conditions used in our study.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT The significant role of Aedes aegypti as a vector of several arboviruses has intensified studies on vector control tools, including Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits containing Pyriproxyfen (ATSB-PPF). PPF is an insect growth regulator (IGR) that has been used to control immature mosquitoes, but it also has direct effects on female reproduction. This study evaluated the effect of physical exposure of Ae. aegypti females with ATSB-PPF on fecundity and fertility at different times before and after blood meal. Females were confined in cages impregnated with ATSB-PPF at different concentrations (5, 50, and 500 ppm). One group of females was exposed to the baits 24 and 48 hours Before the Blood Meal (BBM), and in the other group, exposure occurred 24 and 48 hours After the Blood Meal (ABM). The number of eggs laid, larvae, and pupation rate were analyzed. Exposure of Ae. aegypti females to ATSB-PPF bait 24 hours after the blood meal was able to reduce the number of eggs laid, especially at the higher concentrations used, but the number of larvae obtained was reduced regardless of the exposure time to ATSB-PPF, i.e., 24 hours before or after the blood meal, or the concentration of PPF used. No changes were observed in the number of pupae from larvae obtained from eggs laid by mosquitoes exposed to ATSB-PPF. Physical exposure of mosquitoes to sugar baits is sufficient to reduce the investigated reproductive parameters of Ae. aegypti.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Species of the genus Mansonia Blanchard are disease pathogen vectors in some regions of the world and can cause considerable inconvenience due to their bites when present in high numbers. However, little is known regarding their biology in Brazil. The objective of this work was to investigate some reproductive parameters of Mansonia from the western Brazilian Amazon. Females were captured in the field using human landing catches in rural areas of Porto Velho, Rondonia, Brazil. The mosquitoes were identified and separated into two groups for oviposition: forced, i.e., with wing removal, and free oviposition, without wing removal. Daily observations of oviposition and female survival were conducted until oviposition. The eggs and subsequent larvae were counted for fecundity and fertility evaluation, respectively. The species collected in this study were Mansonia amazonensis (Theobald), Mansonia humeralis Dyar & Knab and Mansonia titillans (Walker). The oviposition percentage for Ma. amazonensis was much lower than for Ma. humeralis and Ma. titillans. Forced oviposition resulted in a higher number of ovipositing females only for Ma. humeralis. Fecundity and fertility were not affected by the oviposition method. Egg and larval numbers were generally lower for Ma. amazonensis compared with the other species. Forced oviposition may be a tool to increase the number of ovipositing females depending on the Mansonia species studied in order to establish colonies in the laboratory.
RESUMO
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Bioprospection of plant products is used to discover new insecticides. METHODS: The larvicidal activity of ethanolic extract and triterpene (tingenone B) from the bark of Maytenus guianensis and their effect on pupation and emergence were evaluated against Aedes aegypti. RESULTS: Crude extract LC50 was 11.3 ppm and caused ejection of the larvae intestine; tingenone B LC50 was 14.8 ppm. Pupation was reduced by 20% and 10%, respectively; however, the emergence was not affected. CONCLUSIONS: The crude bark extract exhibited a higher larvicidal effect against the vector.
Assuntos
Aedes , Celastraceae , Maytenus , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Anopheles , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta , Mosquitos Vetores , LarvaRESUMO
Anopheles darlingi is one of the main vectors of human malaria in Brazil. Female mosquitoes use blood from vertebrates to produce their eggs and larvae. Blood composition, including vitamins, may alter fecundity and fertility, impacting mass production in the laboratory. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of blood supplementation with vitamins on the reproductive parameters of An. darlingi. Mosquito females were collected in a rural area of Porto Velho, and a blood meal was given in the field, adding different amounts of multivitamins in concentrations between 1 and 0.01%. The number of engorged mosquitoes and, subsequently, other variables such as survival up to oviposition, proportion of mosquitoes laying eggs, number of eggs and larvae produced were recorded. Engorgement, survival, and proportion of females laying eggs, as well as egg production, except in females supplemented with 1% of the multivitamin, were not altered by supplementation. However, the number of larvae produced increased significantly (about 20%) in females supplemented with 0.01% compared to control (no vitamins added). The present results suggest that general supplementation by vitamins increases the fertility of An. darlingi.
Assuntos
Dípteros , Larva , Malária , AnophelesRESUMO
In Rondônia State, Brazil, two new hydroelectric plants, Santo Antônio and Jirau, are scheduled for construction on the Madeira River, upriver from the State capital, Porto Velho. The current study analyzes malaria prevalence before the construction and provides information on the possible impacts of malaria burden related to the influx of thousands of persons attracted by direct and indirect employment opportunities. According to the findings, malaria is present throughout the region, with varying prevalence rates. The existence of potential asymptomatic malaria carriers among the local population may be epidemiologically relevant and should be considered in the malaria control programs organized by public authorities and companies responsible for building the power plants, aimed at early diagnosis and treatment, vector control, water supply, and infrastructure in the urban areas.
Assuntos
Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Vivax/epidemiologia , Centrais Elétricas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anemia/epidemiologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/sangue , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Rios , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Mosquitoes are important vectors of several diseases, including malaria and dengue, and control measures are mostly performed using chemical insecticides. Unfortunately, mosquito resistance to commonly applied insecticides is widespread. Therefore, a prospection for new molecules with insecticidal activity based on Amazon biodiversity using the anurans Leptodactylus knudseni and Phyllomedusa vaillantii was performed against the mosquito species Anopheles darlingi and Aedes aegypti. The granular secretion from anuran skin was obtained by manual stimulation, and lethal concentrations(LCs) for larvicidal and adulticidal tests were calculated using concentrations from 1-100 ppm. The skin secretions from the anuran species tested caused significant mortality within the first 24 hours on adults and larvae, but differed within the mosquito species. The skin secretions from the anuran species tested caused significant mortality within the first 24 hours on adults and larvae, but differed within the mosquito species. The calculated LC50 of L. knudseni skin secretions against An. darlingi was 0.15 and 0.2 ppm for adults and larvae, respectively, but much higher for Ae. aegypti, i.e., 19 and 38 ppm, respectively. Interestingly, the calculated LCs50 of P. vaillantii against both mosquito species in adults were similar, 1.8 and 2.1 ppm, respectively, but the LC50 for An. darlingi larvae was much lower (0.4 ppm) than for Ae aegypti (2.1 ppm). The present experiments indicate that skin secretions from L. knudseni and P. vaillantii contain bioactive molecules with potent insecticide activity. The isolation and characterization of skin secretions components will provide new insights for potential insecticidal molecules.
Assuntos
Animais , Aedes , Dengue , Malária , Culicidae/classificação , InseticidasRESUMO
Copaifera spp. is a common tree species found in the tropical region of Latin America, popularly known as copaiba or pau-d'alho. Oil-resin from different Copaifera species and its components present several biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and insecticidal, including larvicidal activity against mosquitoes. Thus, bark and leaf ethanolic extracts, oil-resin, essential oil and alepterolic acid from Copaifera multijuga Hayne, Fabaceae, were tested as larvicides against the main malaria vector in the north of Brazil, Anopheles darlingi and also Aedes aegypti, the dengue vector. A. darlingi larval mortality was significantly higher than A. aegypti for most tested compounds. Bark and leaf extracts resulted in lower Lethal Concentrations (LC50) values for A. darlingi, 3 and 13 ppm, respectively, while the essential oil provided the lowest LC50 value for A. aegypti, 18 ppm. Despite of that, the lowest LC values were from the alepterolic acid for both species, i.e. 0.9 and 0.7 ppm for A. darlingi and A. aegypti, respectively.
RESUMO
Cerambycidae is one of the largest families of beetles and it is estimated that there are about 25,000 species of longhorned beetles in the world. However, little is known about the distribution of many species in some regions, including the Amazon. The longhorned beetles are indispensable in the ecological chain, contributing mostly to the recycling of dead wood in forest. The present study is an inventory of the Cerambycidae of the Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil. Insects were sampled from June 2008 to May 2009 using Malaise and light traps. A total of 61 species were identified, of which 33 are new records for Rondônia and one for Amazon region, i.e., Anisopodus melzeri Gilmour, 1965.
Cerambycidae representa uma das maiores famílias de besouros e estima-se que existam cerca de 25000 espécies de Cerambycidae no mundo. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre a distribuição geográfica de muitas espécies, conseqüência da escassez de coletas em algumas regiões, como a Amazônia. Os cerambicídeos desempenham um papel imprescindível na cadeia ecológica, contribuindo na reciclagem de madeira morta na floresta. Neste estudo, é apresentado um inventário de Cerambycidae do Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brasil. As coletas foram realizadas durante o período de junho de 2008 a maio de 2009 utilizando as armadilhas Malaise e luminosa (modelo Luiz de Queiroz). Um total de 61 espécies foram identificadas, das quais 33 são novos registros para Rondônia e um para a região amazônica Anisopodus melzeri Gilmour, 1965.
RESUMO
Braconidae is a highly diversified family of Hymenoptera and usually known by their role in biological control both in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Despite of that, little is known about its diversity in the Amazon region. The present work inventoried the braconid fauna of an Open Ombrophylous Forest with Palm Trees of the Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, RO. Insects were collect from June/2008 to May/2009 using six Malaise traps in different parts of the reserve. A total of 377 wasps were captured, 17 subfamilies and 56 genera identified. Braconinae, Microgastrinae, Doryctinae and Rogadinae subfamilies were very abundant, and also the genera Aleiodes, Bracon, Capitonius, Compsobracon, Heterospilus, Hymenochaonia, Opius, Pedinotus, Rogas and Stantonia. The calculated Shannon diversity index was 2.15 and 3.3 for subfamily and genera, respectively, which were, generally, higher than the values found for other regions in Brazil. Generally, parasitoids were more abundant during the rainy season. The present work contributes with new genera records and faunistic data of Braconidae in Rondonia State, western Amazon.
Braconidae é uma família altamente diversificada dentro da ordem Hymenoptera, possuindo grande importância no controle biológico tanto em sistemas agrícolas como em sistemas naturais. Contudo, a diversidade do grupo ainda é pouco conhecida para a região amazônica. Neste sentido, o presente estudo vem contribuir para este conhecimento através do inventariamento da assembléia de braconídeos do Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, Rondônia. As coletas foram realizadas pelo período de um ano, utilizando seis armadilhas Malaise em uma área de Floresta Ombrófila Aberta com palmeiras. Foram coletados 377 espécimes, identificados em 17 subfamílias e 56 gêneros. As subfamílias Braconinae, Microgastrinae, Doryctinae e Rogadinae foram consideradas muito abundantes, assim como os gêneros: Aleiodes, Bracon, Capitonius, Compsobracon, Heterospilus, Hymenochaonia, Opius, Pedinotus, Rogas e Stantonia. O índice de diversidade calculado para as subfamílias (H = 2,15) e gêneros (H = 3,3) coletados neste trabalho foi maior do que o encontrado em alguns trabalhos em outras regiões do Brasil. A abundância desses insetos durante a estação chuvosa foi significativamente maior do que na seca. Este trabalho contribui com novos dados faunísticos sobre Braconidae para o Estado de Rondônia.
RESUMO
Piper is a notable genus among Piperaceae due to their secondary metabolites such as lignans, amides, esters and long chain fatty acids used as anti-herbivore defenses with comparable effects of pyrethroids, that holds a promise in insect control, including malaria vectors such as Anopheles darlingi, the main vector in the North of Brazil. Methanolic extracts of Piper tuberculatum Jacq., Piperaceae, and P. alatabaccum Trel. & Yunck., Piperaceae, and some isolated compounds, i.e, 3,4,5-trimetoxy-dihydrocinamic acid, dihydropiplartine; piplartine, piplartine-dihydropiplartine and 5,5',7-trimetoxy-3',4'-metilenodioxiflavone were tested as larvicides against A. darlingi. The Lethal Concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of methanolic extracts were 194 and 333 ppm for P. tuberculatum and 235 and 401 ppm for P. alatabacum, respectively. Isolated compounds had lower LC values, e.g. the LC50 and LC90 of the piplartine-dihidropiplartine isolated from both plant species was 40 and 79 ppm, respectively.
RESUMO
Em Rondônia, prevê-se a construção de mais duas usinas hidrelétricas (UHE) no rio Madeira, a montante da cidade de Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brasil (de Santo Antônio e Jirau). O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a prevalência da malária antes do início da implantação das obras civis e fazer considerações sobre os impactos da doença com o ingresso de milhares de trabalhadores e agregados atraídos pelas oportunidades de emprego e comércio. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a malária se faz presente em toda região, em variados graus de prevalência. Além disso, a existência de potenciais portadores assintomáticos de malária entre a população nativa pode ter relevância epidemiológica e deve ser considerada nos programas de controle da malária, vinda tanto das autoridades públicas quanto das empresas responsáveis pela instalação das UHE, visando o diagnóstico e tratamento precoce, controle vetorial, abastecimento de água e aplicação de infra-estrutura nos centros urbanos.
In Rondônia State, Brazil, two new hydroelectric plants, Santo Antônio and Jirau, are scheduled for construction on the Madeira River, upriver from the State capital, Porto Velho. The current study analyzes malaria prevalence before the construction and provides information on the possible impacts of malaria burden related to the influx of thousands of persons attracted by direct and indirect employment opportunities. According to the findings, malaria is present throughout the region, with varying prevalence rates. The existence of potential asymptomatic malaria carriers among the local population may be epidemiologically relevant and should be considered in the malaria control programs organized by public authorities and companies responsible for building the power plants, aimed at early diagnosis and treatment, vector control, water supply, and infrastructure in the urban areas.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Vivax/epidemiologia , Centrais Elétricas , Anemia/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/sangue , Hemoglobinas/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Rios , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We surveyed areas of the state of Rondônia in western Amazon for phlebotomine, which are potential vectors of leishmaniasis. A total of 5,998 specimens were captured, resulting in the identification of 48 species within the Lutzomyia (99.98 percent) and Brumptomyia (0.02 percent) genera. The predominant species was Lutzomyia davisi, followed by Lutzomyia umbratilis, Lutzomyia llanosmartinsi, Lutzomyia c. carrerai, Lutzomyia dendrophyla, Lutzomyia nevesi and Lutzomyia whitmani. All sand flies identified as vectors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, i.e., Lu. davisi, Lu. umbratilis, Lu. c. carrerai and Lu. whitmani, were found in the surveyed areas.