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1.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 416(6): 1443-1455, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38228897

RESUMO

This study presents a groundbreaking approach for the early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other urological disorders through an image-label-free, multi-dipstick identification method, eliminating the need for complex machinery, label libraries, or preset coordinates. Our research successfully identified reaction pads on 187 multi-dipsticks, each with 11 pads, leveraging machine learning algorithms trained on human urine data. This technique aims to surpass traditional colourimetric methods and concentration-colour curve fitting, offering more robust and precise community screening and home monitoring capabilities. The developed algorithms enhance the generalizability of machine learning models by extracting primary colours and correcting urine colours on each reaction pad. This method's cost-effectiveness and portability are significant, as it requires no additional equipment beyond a standard smartphone. The system's performance rivals professional medical equipment without auxiliary lighting or flash under regular indoor light conditions, effectively managing false positives and negatives across various categories with remarkable accuracy. In a controlled experimental setting, we found that random forest algorithms, based on a Bagging strategy and applied in the HSV colour space, showed optimal results in smartphone-assisted urinalysis. This study also introduces a novel urine colour correction method, significantly improving machine learning model performance. Additionally, ISO parameters were identified as crucial factors influencing the accuracy of smartphone-based urinalysis in the absence of additional lighting or optical configurations, highlighting the potential of this technology in low-resource settings.


Assuntos
Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Smartphone , Humanos , Urinálise/métodos , Algoritmos , Aprendizado de Máquina
2.
BMC Pulm Med ; 23(1): 174, 2023 May 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37194012

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the GSDMD, CASP1, CASP4 and CASP5 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-small cell lung cancer patients and analyze their clinical significance. METHODS: 71 non-small cell lung cancer patients were selected as the study group and 50 healthy individuals as the control group. The GSDMD, CASP1, CASP4 and CASP5 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the two groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The GSDMD, CASP1, CASP4, CASP5 expression and their relationship with the clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the GSDMD, CASP4 and CASP5 expression in PBMCs of lung cancer patients was significantly higher(P < 0.05). Lymph node metastasis had significant difference with the CASP4 and GSDMD expression (P < 0.05); tumor volume had significant difference with CASP1 and CASP5 expression (P < 0.05). The areas under predictive ROC curve of the GSDMD, CASP1, CASP4, and CASP5 mRNA expression were 0.629(P < 0.05), 0.574(p > 0.05), 0.701(P < 0.05) and 0.628(P < 0.05), the sensitivity values were 84.5%, 67.6% 43.7%, and 84.3%;the specificity values were 42%, 52%, 84% and 64%, respectively. CONCLUSION: GSDMD, CASP1, CASP4 and CASP5 gene expression are highly increased in PBMCs of non-small cell lung cancer patients and their expression are closely related to the clinical characteristics of patients. The early enhanced pyroptosis-related gene expression may be potential molecular markers for early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Projetos Piloto , Piroptose/genética , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Caspase 1/genética , Caspase 1/metabolismo , Caspases/metabolismo
3.
Nat Mater ; 20(10): 1347-1352, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34017117

RESUMO

Amorphous materials have no long-range order, but there are ordered structures at short range (2-5 Å), medium range (5-20 Å) and even longer length scales1-5. While regular6,7 and semiregular polyhedra8-10 are often found as short-range ordering in amorphous materials, the nature of medium-range order has remained elusive11-14. Consequently, it is difficult to determine whether there exists any structural link at medium range or longer length scales between the amorphous material and its crystalline counterparts. Moreover, an amorphous material often crystallizes into a phase of different composition15, with very different underlying structural building blocks, further compounding the issue. Here, we capture an intermediate crystalline cubic phase in a Pd-Ni-P amorphous alloy and reveal the structure of the medium-range order, a six-membered tricapped trigonal prism cluster (6M-TTP) with a length scale of 12.5 Å. We find that the 6M-TTP can pack periodically to several tens of nanometres to form the cube phase. Our experimental observations provide evidence of a structural link between the amorphous and crystalline phases in a Pd-Ni-P alloy at the medium-range length scale and suggest that it is the connectivity of the 6M-TTP clusters that distinguishes the crystalline and amorphous phases. These findings will shed light on the structure of amorphous materials at extended length scales beyond that of short-range order.

5.
Curr Res Transl Med ; 72(2): 103419, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38246070

RESUMO

As an uncontrolled inflammatory response to infection, sepsis and sepsis induced organ dysfunction are great threats to the lives of septic patients. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of sepsis is complex and multifactorial, which still needs to be elucidated. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered atypical form of inflammatory programmed cell death, which depends on the Caspase-1 dependent classical pathway or the non-classical Caspase-11 (mouse) or Caspase-4/5 (human) dependent pathway. Many studies have shown that pyroptosis is related to sepsis. The Gasdermin proteins are the key molecules in the membrane pores formation in pyroptosis. After cut by inflammatory caspase, the Gasdermin N-terminal fragments with perforation activity are released to cause pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of sepsis induced organ dysfunction. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanism of pyroptosis, the key role of pyroptosis in sepsis and sepsis induced organ dysfunction, with the aim to bring new diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets to improve sepsis clinical treatments.


Assuntos
Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos , Piroptose , Sepse , Piroptose/fisiologia , Humanos , Sepse/complicações , Animais , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos/etiologia , Caspases/fisiologia , Caspases/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Proteínas de Ligação a Fosfato/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a Fosfato/fisiologia , Camundongos , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Caspase 1/fisiologia , Caspase 1/metabolismo , Gasderminas
6.
Turk Neurosurg ; 34(5): 888-897, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39087298

RESUMO

AIM: To assess the effect of intravenously injected superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) under an external magnetic field on the efficacy of ADSC transplantation in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: ADSCs were isolated from rats, labeled with SPIONs, and divided into magnetic and non-magnetic groups. A rat model of SCI was established, and SCI rats were randomly divided into magnetic, non-magnetic, and control groups, with ten rats in each group. Rats in the magnetic and non-magnetic groups were injected with SPION-labeled ADSCs via the tail vein. A 300-mT neodymium iron boron magnet was placed externally at the SCI site of the rats in the magnetic group. One and two weeks after successful modeling, SCI rats were scored for the degree of SCI followed by histopathology of the spinal cord, number of ADSCs at the SCI site, and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expression were determined in the spinal cord tissues. RESULTS: One and two weeks after modeling, the Basso-beattie bresnahan (BBB) scores were the highest in the magnetic group, followed by the non-magnetic group, and the lowest in the control group. HE staining showed that the histopathological manifestations of the spinal cord in the magnetic group were somewhat improved compared to those in the non-magnetic and control groups. Two weeks after modeling, Prussian blue staining revealed that the number of ADSCs was significantly higher in the spinal cord tissue of the magnetic group than in that of the non-magnetic group. One and two weeks after modeling, western blotting revealed that the magnetic group exhibited the highest GAP-43 expression. CONCLUSION: An external magnetic field applied at the SCI site in rats exerted a directional effect on SPION-labeled ADSCs, directing their migration and improving the efficacy of stem cell-targeted therapies for SCI.


Assuntos
Campos Magnéticos , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Animais , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/terapia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Nanopartículas Magnéticas de Óxido de Ferro , Transplante de Células-Tronco/métodos , Masculino , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Tecido Adiposo/citologia , Medula Espinal , Células-Tronco , Proteína GAP-43/metabolismo , Nanopartículas de Magnetita
7.
Shock ; 2024 Aug 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39193891

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Multiple cell death modalities are implicated in sepsis pathobiology. However, the clinical relevance of NINJ1, a key mediator of plasma membrane rupture during lytic cell death, in sepsis progression and outcomes has remained poorly explored. METHODS: Circulating NINJ1 levels were measured in 116 septic ICU patients, 16 non-septic ICU controls, and 16 healthy controls. Comparative analysis of serum NINJ1 across these groups was performed. Correlations between NINJ1 and clinical disease severity scores (SOFA, APACHE II) as well as laboratory parameters were examined in the sepsis cohort. Furthermore, we assessed the prognostic performance of NINJ1 for predicting 28-day mortality in septic patients using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Circulating NINJ1 levels were elevated in septic patients and positively correlated with sepsis severity scores. NINJ1 also showed positive correlations with liver injury markers (AST/ALT) and coagulation parameters (D-dimer, APTT, PT, TT) in sepsis. Further analysis using the ISTH overt DIC scoring system revealed an association between NINJ1 and sepsis-induced coagulopathy.ROC analysis demonstrated NINJ1 outperformed traditional inflammatory biomarkers PCT and CRP in predicting 28-day sepsis mortality, although its prognostic accuracy was lower than SOFA and APACHE II scores. Combining NINJ1 with SOFA improved mortality prediction from an AUC of 0.6843 to 0.773. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating NINJ1 serves as a novel sepsis biomarker indicative of disease severity, coagulopathy and mortality risk, and its integration with SOFA and APACHE II scores substantially enhances prognostic risk stratification. These findings highlight the prospective clinical utility of NINJ1 for sepsis prognostication and monitoring, warranting further validation studies to facilitate implementation.

8.
Heliyon ; 9(4): e15269, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37089378

RESUMO

Objective: To screen and validate reference genes suitable for gene mRNA expression study in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between septic patients and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Total RNA in PBMCs was extracted and RT-qPCR was used to determine the mRNA expression profiles of 9 candidate genes, including ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, GUSB, HPRT1, PGK1, RPL13A, SDHA and YWHAZ. The genes expression stabilities were assessed by both geNorm and NormFinder software. Results: YWHAZ was the most stable gene among the 9 candidate genes evaluated by both geNorm and NormFinder in mixed and sepsis groups. The most stable gene combination in mixed group analyzed by geNorm was the combination of GAPDH, PKG1 and YWHAZ, while that in sepsis group was the combination of ACTB, PKG1 and YWHAZ. Conclusion: Our first systematic analysis of the reference genes in PBMC of septic patients suggested YWHAZ was the best candidate. The combination of ACTB, PKG1 and YWHAZ could improve RT-qPCR accuracy in septic patients. Our results identified the most stable reference genes to standardize RT-qPCR of sepsis patients, which can serve as a useful tool for gene function exploration in the future.

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