Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 17 de 17
Filtrar
1.
Small ; 17(30): e2102145, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34196492

RESUMO

Significant non-genetic stochastic factors affect aging, causing lifespan differences among individuals, even those sharing the same genetic and environmental background. In Caenorhabditis elegans, differences in heat-shock response (HSR) are predictive of lifespan. However, factors contributing to the heterogeneity of HSR are still not fully elucidated. Here, the authors characterized HSR dynamics in isogenic C. elegans expressing GFP reporter for hsp-16.2 for identifying the key contributors of HSR heterogeneity. Specifically, microfluidic devices that enable cross-sectional and longitudinal measurements of HSR dynamics in C. elegans at different scales are developed: in populations, within individuals, and in embryos. The authors adapted a mathematical model of HSR to single C. elegans and identified model parameters associated with proteostasis-maintenance of protein homeostasis-more specifically, protein turnover, as the major drivers of heterogeneity in HSR dynamics. It is verified that individuals with enhanced proteostasis fidelity in early adulthood live longer. The model-based comparative analysis of protein turnover in day-1 and day-2 adult C. elegans revealed a stochastic-onset of age-related proteostasis decline that increases the heterogeneity of HSR capacity. Finally, the analysis of C. elegans embryos showed higher HSR and proteostasis capacity than young adults and established transgenerational contribution to HSR heterogeneity that depends on maternal age.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Caenorhabditis elegans , Adulto , Animais , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Estudos Transversais , Resposta ao Choque Térmico , Humanos , Proteostase
2.
Nat Genet ; 56(8): 1737-1749, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39039278

RESUMO

The structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complexes-cohesin and condensins-are crucial for chromosome separation and compaction during cell division. During the interphase, mammalian cohesins additionally fold the genome into loops and domains. Here we show that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, a species with holocentric chromosomes, condensin I is the primary, long-range loop extruder. The loss of condensin I and its X-specific variant, condensin IDC, leads to genome-wide decompaction, chromosome mixing and disappearance of X-specific topologically associating domains, while reinforcing fine-scale epigenomic compartments. In addition, condensin I/IDC inactivation led to the upregulation of X-linked genes and unveiled nuclear bodies grouping together binding sites for the X-targeting loading complex of condensin IDC. C. elegans condensin I/IDC thus uniquely organizes holocentric interphase chromosomes, akin to cohesin in mammals, as well as regulates X-chromosome gene expression.


Assuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Caenorhabditis elegans , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Complexos Multiproteicos , Cromossomo X , Animais , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Adenosina Trifosfatases/genética , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Complexos Multiproteicos/genética , Complexos Multiproteicos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Cromossomo X/genética , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/metabolismo , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/genética , Coesinas , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Interfase/genética , Genoma Helmíntico , Genes Ligados ao Cromossomo X , Cromossomos/genética
3.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 276, 2024 Jan 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38177158

RESUMO

Dysfunctional extracellular matrices (ECM) contribute to aging and disease. Repairing dysfunctional ECM could potentially prevent age-related pathologies. Interventions promoting longevity also impact ECM gene expression. However, the role of ECM composition changes in healthy aging remains unclear. Here we perform proteomics and in-vivo monitoring to systematically investigate ECM composition (matreotype) during aging in C. elegans revealing three distinct collagen dynamics. Longevity interventions slow age-related collagen stiffening and prolong the expression of collagens that are turned over. These prolonged collagen dynamics are mediated by a mechanical feedback loop of hemidesmosome-containing structures that span from the exoskeletal ECM through the hypodermis, basement membrane ECM, to the muscles, coupling mechanical forces to adjust ECM gene expression and longevity via the transcriptional co-activator YAP-1 across tissues. Our results provide in-vivo evidence that coordinated ECM remodeling through mechanotransduction is required and sufficient to promote longevity, offering potential avenues for interventions targeting ECM dynamics.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Longevidade , Animais , Longevidade/fisiologia , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Mecanotransdução Celular , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Colágeno/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Homeostase , Proteínas de Sinalização YAP , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo
4.
NPJ Precis Oncol ; 8(1): 59, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38429350

RESUMO

There are no therapeutic predictive biomarkers or representative preclinical models for high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN), a highly aggressive, fatal, and heterogeneous malignancy. We established patient-derived (PD) tumoroids from biobanked tissue samples of advanced high-grade GEP-NEN patients and applied this model for targeted rapid ex vivo pharmacotyping, next-generation sequencing, and perturbational profiling. We used tissue-matched PD tumoroids to profile individual patients, compared ex vivo drug response to patients' clinical response to chemotherapy, and investigated treatment-induced adaptive stress responses.PD tumoroids recapitulated biological key features of high-grade GEP-NEN and mimicked clinical response to cisplatin and temozolomide ex vivo. When we investigated treatment-induced adaptive stress responses in PD tumoroids in silico, we discovered and functionally validated Lysine demethylase 5 A and interferon-beta, which act synergistically in combination with cisplatin. Since ex vivo drug response in PD tumoroids matched clinical patient responses to standard-of-care chemotherapeutics for GEP-NEN, our rapid and functional precision oncology approach could expand personalized therapeutic options for patients with advanced high-grade GEP-NEN.

5.
Geroscience ; 46(5): 5015-5036, 2024 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38900346

RESUMO

Little is known about the possibility of reversing age-related biological changes when they have already occurred. To explore this, we have characterized the effects of reducing insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) during old age. Reduction of IIS throughout life slows age-related decline in diverse species, most strikingly in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we show that even at advanced ages, auxin-induced degradation of DAF-2 in single tissues, including neurons and the intestine, is still able to markedly increase C. elegans lifespan. We describe how reversibility varies among senescent changes. While senescent pathologies that develop in mid-life were not reversed, there was a rejuvenation of the proteostasis network, manifesting as a restoration of the capacity to eliminate otherwise intractable protein aggregates that accumulate with age. Moreover, resistance to several stressors was restored. These results support several new conclusions. (1) Loss of resilience is not solely a consequence of pathologies that develop in earlier life. (2) Restoration of proteostasis and resilience by inhibiting IIS is a plausible cause of the increase in lifespan. And (3), most interestingly, some aspects of the age-related transition from resilience to frailty can be reversed to a certain extent. This raises the possibility that the effect of IIS and related pathways on resilience and frailty during aging in higher animals might possess some degree of reversibility.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Caenorhabditis elegans , Longevidade , Proteostase , Receptor de Insulina , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Longevidade/fisiologia , Proteostase/fisiologia , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Receptor de Insulina/metabolismo , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/metabolismo , Insulina/metabolismo
6.
Aging Dis ; 14(3): 670-693, 2023 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37191434

RESUMO

The biomechanical properties of extracellular matrices (ECM) and their consequences for cellular homeostasis have recently emerged as a driver of aging. Here we review the age-dependent deterioration of ECM in the context of our current understanding of the aging processes. We discuss the reciprocal interactions of longevity interventions with ECM remodeling. And the relevance of ECM dynamics captured by the matrisome and the matreotypes associated with health, disease, and longevity. Furthermore, we highlight that many established longevity compounds promote ECM homeostasis. A large body of evidence for the ECM to qualify as a hallmark of aging is emerging, and the data in invertebrates is promising. However, direct experimental proof that activating ECM homeostasis is sufficient to slow aging in mammals is lacking. We conclude that further research is required and anticipate that a conceptual framework for ECM biomechanics and homeostasis will provide new strategies to promote health during aging.

7.
Biomedicines ; 11(4)2023 Apr 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37189830

RESUMO

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is earning an increasingly relevant role in many disease states and aging. The analysis of these disease states is possible with the GWAS and PheWAS methodologies, and through our analysis, we aimed to explore the relationships between polymorphisms in the compendium of ECM genes (i.e., matrisome genes) in various disease states. A significant contribution on the part of ECM polymorphisms is evident in various types of disease, particularly those in the core-matrisome genes. Our results confirm previous links to connective-tissue disorders but also unearth new and underexplored relationships with neurological, psychiatric, and age-related disease states. Through our analysis of the drug indications for gene-disease relationships, we identify numerous targets that may be repurposed for age-related pathologies. The identification of ECM polymorphisms and their contributions to disease will play an integral role in future therapeutic developments, drug repurposing, precision medicine, and personalized care.

8.
Aging Cell ; 22(2): e13774, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36670049

RESUMO

Repurposing drugs capable of extending lifespan and health span has a huge untapped potential in translational geroscience. Here, we searched for known compounds that elicit a similar gene expression signature to caloric restriction and identified rilmenidine, an I1-imidazoline receptor agonist and prescription medication for the treatment of hypertension. We then show that treating Caenorhabditis elegans with rilmenidine at young and older ages increases lifespan. We also demonstrate that the stress-resilience, health span, and lifespan benefits of rilmenidine treatment in C. elegans are mediated by the I1-imidazoline receptor nish-1, implicating this receptor as a potential longevity target. Consistent with the shared caloric-restriction-mimicking gene signature, supplementing rilmenidine to calorically restricted C. elegans, genetic reduction of TORC1 function, or rapamycin treatment did not further increase lifespan. The rilmenidine-induced longevity required the transcription factors FOXO/DAF-16 and NRF1,2,3/SKN-1. Furthermore, we find that autophagy, but not AMPK signaling, was needed for rilmenidine-induced longevity. Moreover, transcriptional changes similar to caloric restriction were observed in liver and kidney tissues in mice treated with rilmenidine. Together, these results reveal a geroprotective and potential caloric restriction mimetic effect by rilmenidine that warrant fresh lines of inquiry into this compound.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Caenorhabditis elegans , Animais , Camundongos , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Rilmenidina/farmacologia , Receptores de Imidazolinas/metabolismo , Longevidade , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/metabolismo
9.
iScience ; 25(3): 103983, 2022 Mar 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35310333

RESUMO

Human centenarians and longevity mutants of model organisms show lower incidence rates of late-life morbidities than the average population. However, whether longevity is caused by a compression of the portion of life spent in a state of morbidity, i.e., "sickspan," is highly debated even in isogenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we developed a microfluidic device that employs acoustophoretic force fields to quantify the maximum muscle strength and dynamic power in aging C. elegans. Together with different biomarkers for healthspan, we found a stochastic onset of morbidity, starting with a decline in dynamic muscle power and structural integrity, culminating in frailty. Surprisingly, we did not observe a compression of sickspan in longevity mutants but instead observed a temporal scaling of healthspan. Given the conservation of these longevity interventions, this raises the question of whether the healthspan of mammalian longevity interventions is also temporally scaled.

10.
Cell Syst ; 13(1): 43-57.e6, 2022 01 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34666007

RESUMO

We profiled the liver transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome in 347 individuals from 58 isogenic strains of the BXD mouse population across age (7 to 24 months) and diet (low or high fat) to link molecular variations to metabolic traits. Several hundred genes are affected by diet and/or age at the transcript and protein levels. Orthologs of two aging-associated genes, St7 and Ctsd, were knocked down in C. elegans, reducing longevity in wild-type and mutant long-lived strains. The multiomics data were analyzed as segregating gene networks according to each independent variable, providing causal insight into dietary and aging effects. Candidates were cross-examined in an independent diversity outbred mouse liver dataset segregating for similar diets, with ∼80%-90% of diet-related candidate genes found in common across datasets. Together, we have developed a large multiomics resource for multivariate analysis of complex traits and demonstrate a methodology for moving from observational associations to causal connections.


Assuntos
Caenorhabditis elegans , Fígado , Animais , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Dieta , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Fígado/metabolismo , Camundongos , Transcriptoma/genética
11.
Nat Commun ; 13(1): 967, 2022 02 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35181679

RESUMO

Inhibition of the master growth regulator mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) slows ageing across phyla, in part by reducing protein synthesis. Various stresses globally suppress protein synthesis through the integrated stress response (ISR), resulting in preferential translation of the transcription factor ATF-4. Here we show in C. elegans that inhibition of translation or mTORC1 increases ATF-4 expression, and that ATF-4 mediates longevity under these conditions independently of ISR signalling. ATF-4 promotes longevity by activating canonical anti-ageing mechanisms, but also by elevating expression of the transsulfuration enzyme CTH-2 to increase hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. This H2S boost increases protein persulfidation, a protective modification of redox-reactive cysteines. The ATF-4/CTH-2/H2S pathway also mediates longevity and increased stress resistance from mTORC1 suppression. Increasing H2S levels, or enhancing mechanisms that H2S influences through persulfidation, may represent promising strategies for mobilising therapeutic benefits of the ISR, translation suppression, or mTORC1 inhibition.


Assuntos
Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Longevidade/genética , Alvo Mecanístico do Complexo 1 de Rapamicina/metabolismo , Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição/genética , Animais , Animais Geneticamente Modificados , Caenorhabditis elegans , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Transdução de Sinais/genética
12.
Front Genet ; 12: 694033, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34306034

RESUMO

Although genetic approaches have identified key genes and pathways that promote longevity, systems-level approaches are less utilized. Here, we took advantage of the wealth of omics data characterizing the BXD family of mice. We associated transcript and peptide levels across five tissues from both female and male BXD isogenic lines with their median lifespan. We identified over 5000 genes that showed a longevity correlation in a given tissue. Surprisingly, we found less than 1% overlap among longevity-correlating genes across tissues and sex. These 1% shared genes consist of 51 genes, of which 13 have been shown to alter lifespan. Only two genes -Coro7 and Set- showed a longevity correlation in all tissues and in both sexes. While differential regulation of aging across tissues and sex has been reported, our systems-level analysis reveals two unique genes that may promote healthy aging in unique sex- and tissue-agnostic manner.

13.
Aging Cell ; 20(9): e13441, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34346557

RESUMO

The identification and validation of drugs that promote health during aging ("geroprotectors") are key to the retardation or prevention of chronic age-related diseases. Here, we found that most of the established pro-longevity compounds shown to extend lifespan in model organisms also alter extracellular matrix gene expression (i.e., matrisome) in human cell lines. To harness this observation, we used age-stratified human transcriptomes to define the age-related matreotype, which represents the matrisome gene expression pattern associated with age. Using a "youthful" matreotype, we screened in silico for geroprotective drug candidates. To validate drug candidates, we developed a novel tool using prolonged collagen expression as a non-invasive and in-vivo surrogate marker for Caenorhabditis elegans longevity. With this reporter, we were able to eliminate false-positive drug candidates and determine the appropriate dose for extending the lifespan of C. elegans. We improved drug uptake for one of our predicted compounds, genistein, and reconciled previous contradictory reports of its effects on longevity. We identified and validated new compounds, tretinoin, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid, for their ability to restore age-related decline of collagen homeostasis and increase lifespan. Thus, our innovative drug screening approach-employing extracellular matrix homeostasis-facilitates the discovery of pharmacological interventions promoting healthy aging.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Caenorhabditis elegans/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Imunossupressores/farmacologia , Longevidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos
14.
Matrix Biol Plus ; 8: 100039, 2020 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33543035

RESUMO

Extracellular matrices are essential for cellular and organismal function. Recent genome-wide and phenome-wide association studies started to reveal a broad spectrum of phenotypes associated with genetic variants. However, the phenome or spectrum of all phenotypes associated with genetic variants in extracellular matrix genes is unknown. Here, we analyzed over two million recorded genotype-to-phenotype relationships across multiple species to define their extracellular matrix phenomes. By using the previously defined matrisomes of humans, mice, zebrafish, Drosophila, and C. elegans, we found that the extracellular matrix phenome comprises of 3-10% of the entire phenome. Collagens (COL1A1, COL2A1) and fibrillin (FBN1) are each associated with >150 distinct phenotypes in humans, whereas collagen COL4A1, Wnt- and sonic hedgehog (shh) signaling are predominantly associated in other species. We determined the phenotypic fingerprints of matrisome genes and found that MSTN, CTSD, LAMB2, HSPG2, and COL11A2 and their corresponding orthologues have the most phenotypes across species. Out of the 42,551 unique matrisome genotype-to-phenotype relationships across the five species with defined matrisomes, we have constructed interaction networks to identify the underlying molecular components connecting with orthologues phenotypes and with novel phenotypes. Thus, our networks provide a framework to predict unassessed phenotypes and their potential underlying molecular interactions. These frameworks inform on matrisome genotype-to-phenotype relationships and potentially provide a sophisticated choice of biological model system to study human phenotypes and diseases.

15.
Methods Mol Biol ; 1944: 169-188, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30840243

RESUMO

Proper collagen homeostasis is essential for development and aging of any multicellular organism. During aging, two extreme scenarios are commonly occurring: a local excess in collagen deposition, for instance during fibrosis, or a gradual overall reduction of collagen mass. Here, we describe a histological and a colorimetric method to assess collagen levels in mammalian tissues and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The first method is the polychrome Herovici staining to distinguish between young and mature collagen ratios. The second method is based on hydroxyproline measurements to estimate collagen protein levels. In addition, we show how to decellularize the multicellular organism C. elegans in order to harvest its cuticle, one of the two major extracellular matrices, mainly composed of collagen. These methods allow assessing collagen deposition during aging either in tissues or in whole organisms.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Colágeno/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Animais , Colágeno/análise , Camundongos
16.
Matrix Biol Plus ; 1: 100001, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33543001

RESUMO

Proteins are the building blocks of life. While proteins and their localization within cells and sub-cellular compartments are well defined, the proteins predicted to be secreted to form the extracellular matrix - or matrisome - remain elusive in the model organism C. elegans. Here, we used a bioinformatic approach combining gene orthology and protein structure analysis and an extensive curation of the literature to define the C. elegans matrisome. Similar to the human genome, we found that 719 out of ~20,000 genes (~4%) of the C. elegans genome encodes matrisome proteins, including 181 collagens, 35 glycoproteins, 10 proteoglycans, and 493 matrisome-associated proteins. We report that 173 out of the 181 collagen genes are unique to nematodes and are predicted to encode cuticular collagens, which we are proposing to group into five clusters. To facilitate the use of our lists and classification by the scientific community, we developed an automated annotation tool to identify ECM components in large datasets. We also established a novel database of all C. elegans collagens (CeColDB). Last, we provide examples of how the newly defined C. elegans matrisome can be used for annotations and gene ontology analyses of transcriptomic, proteomic, and RNAi screening data. Because C. elegans is a widely used model organism for high throughput genetic and drug screens, and to study biological and pathological processes, the conserved matrisome genes may aid in identifying potential drug targets. In addition, the nematode-specific matrisome may be exploited for targeting parasitic infection of man and crops.

17.
Lab Chip ; 16(1): 59-64, 2016 Jan 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26556398

RESUMO

Herein we demonstrate the segmentation of alginate solution streams to generate alginate fibers of precisely controllable lengths between 200 and 1000 µm. Moreover, we demonstrate the subsequent encapsulation of the formed fibers within pL-volume microdroplets, produced within the same microfluidic device, in a direct manner. Finally, we show immediate and complete on-chip gelation of alginate fibers in a rapid and reproducible fashion.


Assuntos
Alginatos/química , Técnicas Analíticas Microfluídicas , Ácido Glucurônico/química , Ácidos Hexurônicos/química , Técnicas Analíticas Microfluídicas/instrumentação , Tamanho da Partícula , Propriedades de Superfície
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA