Nanoparticles-doped guest-host liquid crystal displays.

The technique, nanoparticles-induced vertical alignment (NIVA), was applied to fabricate a guest-host liquid crystal display (GH-LCD) without conventional alignment layers. The GH-LCD produced by NIVA exhibited a high reflectance of approximately 59% in the voltage-off state and a low threshold voltage of approximately 2.1 V(rms). NIVA is very suitable to be applied for fabricating a plastic LCD requiring a low temperature process, and a flexible timepiece by using NIVA was demonstrated.