Relationship between lung cancer and human papillomavirus in north of Iran, Mazandaran province.

Lung cancer is a major health problem and the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. The pathogenesis of lung cancer is complex, and is believed to be due to the interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Various evidences show that HPV might be involved in bronchial carcinogenesis. In this study, 141 lung cancer patients and 92 non-cancer control subjects were enrolled to examine whether HPV DNA existed in lung tumor and normal tissues in Mazandaran, north part of Iran by nested PCR. Our data showed that 33 of 129 lung tumors had HPV DNA compared with 8 of 90 non-cancer control subjects (25.6% vs. 9.0%, P=0.002). The infection of HPV had an OR of 3.48 (95% CI 1.522-7.958; P=0.002). Meanwhile infection of high risk HPV types (16 and 18) had a significantly high OR of lung cancer incidence as 8.00 (95% CI 1.425-44.920; P=0.021) compared with 4.423 (95% CI 2.407-8.126; P0.0001) of smoking status. This result suggests that HPV infection is associated with lung cancer development in Mazandaran, Iran.

An increased lung cancer risk associated with codon 72 polymorphism in the TP53 gene and human papillomavirus infection in Mazandaran province, Iran.

The TP53 gene has a polymorphism in exon 4 at codon 72 that presents the arginine or proline genotype. The association of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism with lung cancer risk has been studied by several groups, although with inconsistent results. Our previous study showed that the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the development of lung cancer in Mazandaran, north part of Iran (cases=25.6% versus controls=9.0%, P=0.002). The frequency of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism was studied in a north part Iranian group of 92 healthy controls and 141 lung cancer patients. The allelic distribution of the three genotypes (ArgArg, ArgPro, ProPro) in healthy normal controls was 46.1, 32.6 and 21.3%, respectively, which differs from that of lung cancer patients showing genotype frequency as 42.6, 49.6 and 7.8%. A relation between the presence of the Arg allele and lung cancer risk was observed. Our study reveals that Arg allele, active smoking and HPV infection are the important risk factors in lung cancer development in the north part of Iran, Mazandaran province.

Primary hydatid cyst of the fallopian tube: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Human hydatid disease is caused by echinococcus granulosus and has a global distribution. It mainly affects the liver, but can involve other organs. In this paper, we present a case of a primary hydatid cyst of the fallopian tube. CASE PRESENTATION: A 69-year-old (gravida 16, para 16 woman) with abdominal pain and urinary frequency was presented to the Gynecology Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital Sari, Iran, in September 2011. On physical examination, there was a nontender abdominal mass under umbilicus. The sonography of abdomen and pelvic showed a multiloculated mass with thick septation in right adnexa suggesting mucinous ovarian tumor, while the uterus, left adnex, liver, spleen and kidneys were all normal. The patient's chest x-ray was normal. Serum tumor markers including CEA, CA125, αFP and ßHCG were negative. An exploratory laparotomy was performed. There was a 20 cm firm elastic mass in the anterior surface of uterus originated from the right fallopian tube and was removed. Hydatid cyst was confirmed by pathological examination. CONCLUSION: Although primary hydatid cyst of genital tract is rare, in high prevalence countries it should be considered.