Simulation with a standardised patient to reduce stigma towards people with schizophrenia spectrum disorder among nursing students: A quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effectiveness of simulation with a standardised patient on the perception of stigma associated with schizophrenia among undergraduate nursing students. It also assessed the reliability of the AQ-27 questionnaire in this context. METHOD: A quasi-experimental study without a control group was conducted on a non-probabilistic sample. The simulation programme used a standardised patient portrayed by a nurse with mental health experience. RESULTS: After simulation, statistically significant stigma improvements were found in six out of nine dimensions; anger and help obtained larger effect sizes (r = 0.392 and 0,307, respectively). Regarding gender, the intragroup analysis revealed that simulation improved stigma among women in six dimensions and among men in four dimensions, with anger and fear showing the highest effect size (r = 0.414 and 0.446, respectively). Regarding previous contact with mental illness among the study participants, the intergroup analysis did not show differences. In the intragroup analysis, simulation improved fear only in the contact group (p = 0,040, r = 0.353). In contrast, simulation changed the response in six dimensions in the no-contact group, similar to the entire group. CONCLUSION: Simulation with a standardised patient is an effective teaching tool for reducing the stigmatisation of people with schizophrenia, thus reducing people's perception of internal causal attribution. It allows for experiencing situations that may be anticipated in clinical practice and reflectively addressing emerging aspects during simulation.

"Elderly care through new eyes: Insights from Spain's future nurses" A phenomenological study.

This study explores nursing students' perceptions of institutionalized elderly care, aiming to identify attitudes and biases that influence their academic and professional development in gerontological nursing. Conducted with 128 students across two campuses, this qualitative study utilized 15 focus groups for data collection. Five primary themes emerged through thematic and inductive analysis: Institutionalized Living, Stereotypes, Improvement Proposals, Exemplary Practices and Positive Observations and Educational Strategies and Person-centered Care Integration. Findings underscore the multifaceted nature of elderly long-term care settings, highlighting the prevalence of loneliness. Despite institutionalization's intent to mitigate loneliness, results suggest its effectiveness is variable, with a deficiency in social interaction opportunities. This underscores the imperative for comprehensive socialization programs. Additionally, integrating students into professional teams has been shown to foster positive interpersonal relationships significantly. Recommendations for enhancing care quality include personalizing living spaces, strengthening bonds between staff and residents, and enriching the nursing curriculum with advanced professional training.

Validation of a short version of the high-fidelity simulation satisfaction scale in nursing students.

BACKGROUND: Clinical simulation provides a practical and effective learning method during the undergraduate education of health professions. Currently there is only one validated scale in Spanish to assess nursing students' satisfaction with the use of high-fidelity simulation, therefore, our objective is to validate a brief version of this scale in undergraduate nursing students with or without clinical experience. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. Between 2018 and 2020, the students from all academic courses of the Fundación Jiménez Díaz nursing school completed the satisfaction scale at the end of their simulation experiences. To validate this scale, composed of 33 items and eight dimensions, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the principal components was performed, the internal consistency was studied using Cronbach's alpha, and the corrected item-test correlation of each of the items of the total scale was reviewed. RESULTS: 425 students completed the scale, after the exploratory factor analysis, a scale consisting of 25 items distributed into six subscales, each containing between two and six items, explained a variance of 66.5%. The KMO test (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) obtained a value of 0.938, Bartlett's sphericity test was < 0.01 and Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) was 0.991. CONCLUSION: The modified ESSAF scale, reduced from 33 to 25 items and divided into six subscales, is as valid and reliable as the original scale for use in nursing students of different levels, with, or without clinical experience.

[THERAPEUTIC LIMITATION OF INTENSIVE CARE UNIT]. / La limitación terapéutica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.

The therapeutic limitation is a relatively common in Intensive Care Units practice. There are different types of therapeutic limitation, and the patient can be classified according to measures likely to withdraw or not start. Among such measures include removal of stand mechanical ventilation with the analgesia and sedation applied to the end of life of the patient.

Mental Health Nursing Student's Perception of Clinical Simulation about Patients at Risk of Suicide: A Qualitative Study.

Suicide is a serious public health problem, with a global mortality rate of 1.4% of all deaths worldwide and the leading cause of unnatural death in Spain. Clinical simulation has proven to be a beneficial tool in training nursing students. Such experiences allow them to develop cognitive and affective skills that are fundamental for the detection of warning signs and the use of interventions in cases of people who want to take their own lives. Working in a mental health environment can be difficult for nursing students; therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of nursing students on the approach, management, and intervention of suicidal crisis through clinical mental health simulation. METHODS: qualitative descriptive phenomenological study through focus groups and reflective narratives in a sample of 45 students. A thematic analysis was performed using ATLAS-ti. RESULTS: After the analysis, three themes were obtained: (a) management and handling of emotions, (b) identification of suicide motives, and (c) intervention in suicidal crisis. DISCUSSION: Clinical simulation in mental health allows students to exercise clinical judgment reasoning, detect warning signs for a better treatment approach, and provide tools for effective intervention and management of patient care. The results of this study indicate that nursing students face challenges in approaching mental health clinical simulation due to a lack of prior exposure.

The Chem-Sex Inventory Scale (CSI): A Tool to Assess the Mental Health Risk of Chemsex Behaviors in Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Background: Chemsex has been defined as the deliberate use of drugs for prolonged sexual intercourse between gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Drugs associated with chemsex can trigger mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, risk of psychosis and suicidal ideation, social isolation, stigmatization, and even loss of impulse control and lack of coping strategies. Currently, the increase in illicit drugs in a sexual context is considered an outbreak of a public health emergency. Objective: The aim of this study is the construction and validation of the Chem-Sex Inventory (CSI), a new scale to assess the mental health risk of chemsex behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted to study 563 participants. Data were collected through an online questionnaire between January and April 2023, and the construct validity of the CSI was assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The sample was, on average, 36 years old (SD: ±9.2). The majority of gender identity was cisgender (97.7%). A factor structure was found that can be summarized in four dimensions: emotional instability, risk of psychosis, altered body perception, and risk of suicide. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) presents adequate reliability values, with a Cronbach's alpha above 0.87 for all dimensions and a McDonald's omega above 0.88 with a good fit of the 42 items. Conclusions: Our study has shown that the Chem-Sex Inventory (CSI) scale has factorial validity and could be used in clinical practice and research to measure the behavioral contribution of the chemsex phenomenon in MSM.

Exploration of Mental Health Elements in Chemsex Behavior: Interventions, Influencing Factors, and Attitudes towards Risk and Harm Reduction in Spain.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the practice of chemsex, which is becoming an increasingly serious public health problem. The complex interaction between chemsex and mental health underscores the need to understand the psychological, social, and environmental factors that influence this practice. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was conducted in the community of Madrid, Spain to explore the depth of the chemsex phenomenon through a thematic analysis. Between April and June 2024, interviews were conducted with 15 MSM (gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men) who participate in these practices, using purposive and snowball sampling. RESULTS: three main themes were identified, namely, (T1) contextualization of the practice, (T2) factors associated with chemsex, and (T3) strategies and interventions for risk and harm reduction. CONCLUSION: Chemsex is a phenomenon that combines sexual practices with substance use in complex social environments, presenting significant risks to physical, mental, and sexual health. It is necessary to implement public health interventions to mitigate these risks.

[Constructing the nursing profession from the perspective of gender. A weakness or strength?]. / Deconstrucción de la profesión de enfermería. Desde la perspectiva del género. Debilidad o fortaleza?

To care for someone is a life-giving act whose existence goes so far back that it is lost in human memory. Despite the fact that the concept of health has evolved over the course of time, there is a constant factor, both in the social as in the practical context which ties care-giving implicitly to women. Innate qualities in the feminine sex, including vocation, kindness, dedication, softness, have contributed to undervalue professional work and to grant it little social recognition. As a group, nurses have been placed in the paradigm of oppression, due to the hierarchical vigilance medicine, a field located at the apex of power; has exercised over this profession. At present times, the humanization of caregiving and the role change by patients act favorably so that nurses begin to question the current situation their profession is in and to ask what can be done so their profession evolves independently