Endogenous ethanol production in patients with diabetes mellitus as a medicolegal problem.

Ethanol which is not ingested but is produced within the body through metabolic processes is known as "endogenous ethanol" (EnEth). The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant increase in the blood value of EnEth (BAC) in patients with diabetes mellitus and whether BAC correlates with increased glucose blood levels. In our study the BAC in the group of patients with diabetes mellitus (n=130) was significantly higher (mean value 2.65mg/L) than in the control group (mean value 0.40mg/L) when blood samples were analyzed by headspace gas chromatography method (HS-GC). The BAC levels obtained by semi-quantitative Widmark's method (n=60) were higher, and mean value in the patient group was 27.28mg/L. There was no correlation between the glucose blood levels and BAC, i.e. the auto-production of ethanol does not depend on blood glucose values. The mean value of ethanol in urine in patients with diabetes mellitus was 6.13mg/L measured by HS-GC method and 54.27mg/L when measured using Widmark's method. Even though the BAC in patients with diabetes mellitus was statistically significantly higher (p<0.01) in comparison to the control group, these amounts of EnEth do not increase greatly enough to affect legal proceedings, especially considering the fact that EnEth is measured in mg/mL. Our experimental results as well as data reported in the literature suggest that the cut-off level for the EnEth in blood should be set at BAC<0.1mg/mL for the semi-quantitative method, i.e. the values that appear at the second decimal place cannot be with certainty claimed to arise form the exogenous ethanol. For the HS-GS method cut-off level should be set at BAC<0.01mg/mL for the analytical parameters that were used in our experiments.

[Anti-Bg(HL-A) antibodies]. / Anti Bg (HLA) antitela.

The presence of specific anti-Bg hemaggluttinine in the sera of four patients, is shown. All our patients with anti-Bg antibodies had the antigen B27 on the HLA complex present. Anti-Bg antibodies were prooved by the Coombs technique.

[Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-S-antibodies]. / Hemoliticka bolest novorodenceta uzrokovana anti-S antitelima.

In the serum of S-negative secundi para woman a specific anti-S agglutinin of the IgG type was identified. The same agglutinin was identified in the serum and on the eritrocytes of the newborn with sympthomes of a light Hemolytic disease. Exchange transfusion was not necessary. The anti-S described is an immune warm agglutinin showing the efect of dose and is discovered only by the Coombs technique.

Allele frequencies of the 15 AmpF lSTR Identifiler loci in the population of Vojvodina Province, Serbia and Montenegro.

The 15 AmpF lSTR Identifiler loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA) were analyzed in the sample of 100 unrelated, autochthonous healthy adult Serbians from Novi Sad (Vojvodina Province, Serbia and Montenegro). The agreement with HWE was confirmed for all loci with the exception of D7S820 (based on the chi2-test only). The combined power of discrimination (PD) and the combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 15 tested STR loci were 0.99999999999999995 and 0.9999990, respectively. According to the presented data, D2S1338 and D18S51 are the most informative markers. Based on allelic frequencies and statistical parameters for forensic testing, it may be suggested that the AmpF lSTR Identifiler detection system represents a powerful strategy for individual identification and parentage analysis in the Serbian population.