[Similarities and differences between Ginkgo biloba and Panax notoginseng in treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease].

Ginkgo biloba and Panax notoginseng are both herb medicines for cerebrovascular disease, and play an active role in treating ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD). Their mechanisms of action include antioxidant stress, nerve protection, vascular protection. According to the comparative study of literatures, G. biloba has a certain protective effect from the early stage of free radical formation throughout the whole process of causing cell inflammation and apoptosis in antioxidant stress; while P. notoginseng has mainly anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis effects. In the nerve protection and repair of nerve damage caused by glutamate, both could promote neurogenesis, repair damaged axons and protect nerve cells. In addition, G. biloba could also relieve neurotoxicity caused by glutamate damage, while P. notoginseng have a unique effect in repairing blood-brain barrier(BBB) and blood vessel regeneration. In clinic, they are used as auxiliary drugs in combination with thrombolytic therapy, and play curative effects in alleviating inflammation, eliminating edema, improving the cure rate and the prognosis. For cerebral diseases caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, G. biloba could reduce inflammation and improve cognition. In addition, G. biloba could protect neurocyte by adjusting the secretion of dopamine in vivo, and has a certain effect on antidepressant diseases, which however needs further studies.

Lupane- and Friedelane-Type Triterpenoids from Celastrus stylosus.

Two new triterpenoids, 30-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene 3ß-caffeate (1) and 24-nor-friedelan-6α,10-dihydroxy-1,2-dioxo-4,7-dien-29-oic acid (2), together with eight known compounds 3-10, were isolated from the roots of Celastrus stylosus. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first study on the chemical constituents of C. stylosus. The antiproliferative activities of the triterpenoids against six human cancer cell lines (PANC-1, A549, PC-3, HepG2, SGC-7901, and HCCLM3) were evaluated. Compounds 3, 4, and 10 exhibited comparable activities against PC-3 and HCCLM3 cell lines as the positive control taxol.

Quality Evaluation of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill Based on HPLC Fingerprints Combined with HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Method.

Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STP) is a composite formula of traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. It consists of seven medicinal extracts thereof or materials, including Bufonis venenum, synthetic Moschus, Panax ginseng, Bovis calculus artifactus, Bear bile powder, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge and synthetic borneol. However, it is considerably difficult to evaluate the quality of STP due to its complex chemical compositions. This paper was designed to explore a comprehensive and systematic method combining fingerprints and chemical identification for quality assessment of STP samples. Twenty batches of STP samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Ten common peaks were detected by HPLC fingerprint similarity evaluation system. Meanwhile, 100 compounds belonging to 4 structural characteristics, including 23 bufadienolides, 36 organic acids, 34 saponins and 7 other types, were systematically identified as the basic components in STP. This study could be used for clarifying the multiple bioactive substances and developing a comprehensive quality evaluation method of STP.