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Metastasis is a major cause of death in lung cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the role and mechanism of PI3K catalytic subunit gamma (PIK3CG, also known as p110γ) in lung cancer cell migration and metastasis. Knockdown (KD) and overexpression (OE) of PIK3CG expression in lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1299 in vitro cultured was achieved. Two PIK3CG-specific inhibitors, Eganelisib and CAY10505, were used to treat A549 and H1299 cells. An experimental lung metastasis mouse model was constructed using tail vein injection of LLC cells. Finally, a co-culture system was established using Transwell chambers. Compared with the NC group, the number of cells that completed migration and the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were significantly reduced in the KD group and Eganelisib and CAY10505 treatment groups, while the number of cells that migrated successfully and the expression levels of MMPs were significantly increased in the OE group. Lung tissues of mice injected with PIK3CG-stabilized overexpressed LLC cells showed more pronounced lung cancer growth, lung metastatic nodules, neutrophil infiltration and MMPs expression. Co-culture with neutrophils, soluble extracts of neutrophils and cathepsin G all promoted the migration of lung cancer cells. PIK3CG overexpression in tumor cells significantly promoted the migration and metastasis of lung cancer cell.
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This study describes the preparation of a lignin-based expandable flame retardant (Lignin-N-DOPO) using grafting melamine and covering 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) using the Mannich reaction. Then, through in situ growth, a metal-organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1 (e.g., Cu3(BTC)2, BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate)/lignin-based expandable flame retardant (F-lignin@HKUST-1) was created. Before that, lignin epoxy resin containing phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) components had been created by combining epoxy resin (EP) with F-lignin@HKUST-1. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to examine the thermal characteristics of epoxy resin (EP) composite. The findings indicate that the thermal stability of EP is significantly affected by the presence of F-lignin@HKUST-1. Last but not least, the activation energy (E) of EP/15% F-lignin@HKUST-1 was examined using four different techniques, including the Kissinger-SY iteration method, the Ozawa-SY iteration method, the Lee-Beck approximation-iteration method, and the Gorbatchev approximation-iteration method. It was discovered that the activation energy was significantly higher than that of lignin. Higher activation energy suggests that F-lignin@HKUST-1 pyrolysis requires more energy from the environment, which will be significant about the application of lignin-based flame retardants.
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OBJECTIVES: This bibliometric analysis aimed to clarify research characteristics and trends in research on uveitis by analyzing the top 100 most-cited articles. METHODS: We used the Web of Science database to search articles published in English from January 1, 1950, to February 10, 2022, without other restrictions. The 100 most-cited articles related to uveitis were screened. The publication year, institution, author, journal, country, research topic, and research type of each article were analyzed. RESULTS: The citations of the top 100 articles ranged from 144 to 2292 times. The years 2004 and 2005 included the largest number of articles published, with 17 in total. Most of the papers were published in Ophthalmology (n = 19), a specialized ophthalmology journal. The top 100 articles originated from 14 countries, with the most from the USA (n = 44). Twenty research institutions and 18 authors contributed two or more articles, with the National Eye Institute (USA) (n = 10) and Robert B. Nussenblatt (n = 10) contributing the most. The types of studies were mainly clinical studies (n = 64), focusing on the treatment of uveitis (n = 36). CONCLUSION: This study summarizes and analyzes the research characteristics and trends of uveitis. The contribution of the USA is explained, the past and current treatments of uveitis are emphasized, and the directions of future research are clarified.
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Bibliometria , Uveíte , HumanosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To compare the microvascular parameters of macular and peripapillary areas in adults with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to evaluate the changes in retinal microvascular in 37 adult patients with PNS and 30 HCs in this study. All subjects underwent OCTA for measuring vascular density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for measuring central macular thickness (CMT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The following clinical data of the PNS group were collected: hemoglobin, platelet, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, creatinine, urea nitrogen, glomerular filtration rate, blood lipid, urinary protein, urine microalbumin, urine microalbumin/creatinine, 24-h urine volume, and 24-h urine protein quantification. The OCTA data were compared between patients with PNS and HCs, and the correlation between the OCTA data and clinical data was analyzed in the PNS group. RESULTS: VD and PD in the macular area of the PNS group were significantly lower than those in the HC group (VD: 17.025 ± 2.229 vs. 18.290 ± 0.721, P = 0.001; PD: 0.417 ± 0.058 vs. 0.450 ± 0.019, P = 0.003). No significant differences in the FAZ area and perioptic disc microvascular parameters were observed between the two groups, and patients in the PNS group showed consistent changes in the left and right eyes. VD and PD in the central macular area were positively correlated with plasma prealbumin level (VD: ρ = 0.541, P = 0.001; PD: ρ = 0.562, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with urinary protein level (VD: ρ = -0.579, P < 0.001; PD: ρ = -0.596, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In adult patients with PNS, the decrease in VD and PD was mainly occurred in the macular area. Partly vascular density of the macular area was positively correlated with plasma prealbumin level and negatively correlated with urinary protein level. OCTA provides a convenient, non-invasive and effective method for evaluating and monitoring retinal microcirculation damage in patients with PNS.
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Síndrome Nefrótica , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Adulto , Creatinina , Estudos Transversais , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Humanos , Síndrome Nefrótica/diagnóstico por imagem , Pré-Albumina , Vasos Retinianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodosRESUMO
Sirt3 is closely associated with mitophagy. This study aimed to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Sirt3 on mitophagy in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in a high glucose environment. The expression levels of Sirt3, Foxo3a, PINK1, Parkin and LC3B in RPE subjected to high-glucose (HG, 30 mM D-glucose) conditions were detected by RT-PCR and western blotting. Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining was used to detect the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE treated with HG. MitoTracker and LysoTracker probes were used to label mitochondria and lysosomes, respectively, to observe the occurrence of autophagy. Sirt3-dependent regulation of mitophagy through the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway was further investigated by virus transfection-mediated Sirt3 overexpression and PINK1 silencing. The effect of Sirt3 overexpression on apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The Sirt3 expression was decreased, the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway was inhibited, intracellular ROS level was increased, and mitophagy was attenuated in RPE under HG condition. Sirt3 overexpression activated the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin signaling pathway and mitophagy, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Silencing PINK1 inhibited the effect of Sirt3 overexpression on mitophagy. In summary, Sirt3 can activate mitophagy through the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway and reduce HG-induced apoptosis of RPE. This study provides a new direction to understand the pathogenesis and develop a potential therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy.
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Mitofagia , Sirtuína 3 , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Glucose/farmacologia , Mitofagia/fisiologia , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Pigmentos da Retina/farmacologia , Sirtuína 3/genética , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/genéticaRESUMO
An InCl3-catalyzed atom-economic intramolecular 5-exo-dig cyclization/1,6-conjugate addition/aromatization of N-propargylamides with p-QMs to produce oxazoles tethering diarylmethane has been successfully developed. InCl3 not only served as Lewis acid to catalyze the cyclization of propargylic amides but also activated the carbonyl of p-QMs to achieve the 1,6-addition process in a one-pot manner. The reaction has attractive features, including mild reaction conditions, broad scope of substrates, good yields, and scalability.
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An environmentally-friendly and facile protocol for the construction of tetrasubstituted alkenes has been established with Ru(ii)-catalyzed C-H bond functionalizations under mild conditions. The method features the usage of readily available substrates, without external oxidants and additives, 100% atom economy, and excellent regioselectivity, thus enhancing the practicability of this protocol. Moreover, this transformation proceeded smoothly under aqueous conditions and could be extended to the gram scale. N-Methoxyamide, as a directing group (DG), played a vital role in the transformation.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of insulin resistance and ß cell function with lipid metabolism in middle-aged and elderly Hui and Han populations. METHODS: A total of 1000 subjects age over 40 years were recruited from five urban communities in Yinchuan and Wuzhong cities of Ningxia. The composition ratio between Hui and Han nationality was 1:2. A questionnaire-based survey was performed. Physical examinations were carried out to measure the height, body mass, waistline, and hipline. The levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), blood uric acid (BUA), fasting blood glucose and insulin were measured. The boby mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and secretion related index including insulin resistance index (IR), insulin sensitivity index (IAI), and beta cell function index (HBCI) were calculated. RESULTS: The BMI, WHR, IAI, HBCI, and the prevalence rate of diabetes in Hui nationality were significantly higher than those in Han nationality (P<0.01). The levels of BUA, fasting blood glucose, TC, and IR in Han nationality were significantly lower than those in Hui nationality (P<0.01). In Hui populations, TG, BMI, WHR, and BUA were positively correlated with IR (r=0.234, r=0.193, r=0.143, and r=0.129, respectively; P<0.01) and were negatively correlated with IAI (r=-0.234, r=-0.193, r=-0.143, r=-0.129, respectively; P<0.01), whereas TC was negatively correlated with HBCI (r=-0.169, P<0.01). In Han populations, TC, TG, BMI, WHR, and BUA were positively correlated with IR (r=0.140, r=0.257, r=0.288, r=0.163, r=0.104, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with IAI (r=-0.140, r=-0.257, r=-0.288, r=-0.163, and r=-0.104, P<0.01), whereas BMI was negatively correlated with HBCI (r=-0.111, P<0.01). After the influential factors such as gender, nationality, and age were adjusted, the TC, TG, BMI, WHR, BUA levels were positively correlated with IR (r=0.109, r=0.256, r=0.253, r=0.139, and r=0.142, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with IAI (r=-0.109, r=-0.256, r=-0.253, r=-0.139, and r=-0.142, P<0.01). TC and BMI were negatively correlated with HBCI (r=-0.113, r=-0.086, P<0.01). TG and BMI were independently associated with IR and IAI (r=0.218, r=0.182, r=-0.218, r=-0.182), while TC and BMI were independently associated with HBCI (r=-0.113, r=-0.086). CONCLUSIONS: The distributions of TC, TG, BMI, WHR, BUA, IR, IAI, and HBCI differ between Han and Hui populations. The development of insulin resistance is closely related with the increased levels of TC, TG, BMI, WHR, and BUA. However, the HBCI increases with the increased level of TC and BMI. TG and BMI may be related with insulin resistance. Also, TC and BMI may affect the secretion function of ß cells.
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Resistência à Insulina , Células Secretoras de Insulina/citologia , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Idoso , Povo Asiático , Glicemia/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Colesterol/sangue , Etnicidade , Humanos , Insulina/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Ácido Úrico/sangueRESUMO
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism that restricts gene expression to one inherited allele. Improper maintenance of imprinting has been implicated in a number of human diseases and developmental syndromes. Assays are needed that can quantify the contribution of each paternal allele to a gene expression profile. We have developed a rapid, sensitive quantitative assay for the measurement of individual allelic ratios termed Pyrosequencing for Imprinted Expression (PIE). Advantages of PIE over other approaches include shorter experimental time, decreased labor, avoiding the need for restriction endonuclease enzymes at polymorphic sites, and prevent heteroduplex formation which is problematic in quantitative PCR-based methods. We demonstrate the improved sensitivity of PIE including the ability to detect differences in allelic expression down to 1%. The assay is capable of measuring genomic heterozygosity as well as imprinting in a single run. PIE is applied to determine the status of Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 (IGF2) imprinting in human and mouse tissues.
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Impressão Genômica , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala/métodos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like II/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Alelos , Animais , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Próstata/metabolismo , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to verify whether the combined use of Da Dingfengzhu and Western medicine in treating Parkinson's disease (PD) can lead to therapeutic efficacy and symptom alleviation, thereby achieving a complementary and synergistic effect. METHODS: In this study, 158 patients were initially enrolled, with 116 eligible patients randomly divided into a control and an observation group. The control group received levodopa/benserazide and pramipexole, while the observation group received Da Dingfengzhu combined with levodopa/benserazide and pramipexole for 12 weeks. Baseline patient characteristics, adverse reactions, and blood samples were collected at baseline and 12 weeks post-treatment. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was used to assess symptom severity at baseline, four weeks into treatment, and 12 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS: Adverse reactions during treatment were similar in both groups, suggesting that the combined therapy in the observation group did not increase adverse effects. Both groups showed improvements in UPDRS scores, with the observation group displaying more significant symptom alleviation at 4 and 12 weeks. Moreover, the observation group exhibited more pronounced increases in serum neurotrophic factor-3 and dopamine levels and greater reductions in oxidative stress and inflammatory response markers. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the combination of Da Dingfengzhu with levodopa/benserazide and pramipexole for treating PD shows significant clinical potential and is worthy of broader application.
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Antiparkinsonianos , Benserazida , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Levodopa , Doença de Parkinson , Pramipexol , Deficiência da Energia Yin , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Benserazida/farmacologia , Benserazida/administração & dosagem , Levodopa/administração & dosagem , Levodopa/farmacologia , Levodopa/efeitos adversos , Pramipexol/farmacologia , Pramipexol/administração & dosagem , Antiparkinsonianos/administração & dosagem , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Deficiência da Energia Yin/tratamento farmacológico , Combinação de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 (OCA4) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a reduction of pigmentation in skin, hair, and eyes, and OCA4 is mainly seen in the SLC45A2 gene variants. OBJECTIVE: To report a Chinese patient suspected of oculocutaneous albinism and identify the causing mutation. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood samples of the patient, his parents, and elder brother. Whole exome sequencing was performed in the family, and Sanger sequencing was then used to verify the mutations. RESULTS: Compound heterozygous variants, c.1304C>A (p.S435Y) and c.301C>G (p.R101G) in SLC45A2 gene, were detected in the proband, which were inherited from his father and mother respectively. Based on the ACMG guidelines, we can interpret the c.1304C>A (p.S435Y) variant as a suspected pathogenic variant and the c.301C>G (p.R101G) variant as a clinically significant unspecified variant. The diagnosis of OCA4 is confirmed. CONCLUSION: We firstly reported this case of OCA4 with the compound heterozygous variants in the SLC45A2 gene. Our findings further enrich the reservoir of SLC45A2 mutations in OCA4.
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Albinismo Oculocutâneo , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Mutação , Albinismo Oculocutâneo/genética , Albinismo Oculocutâneo/diagnóstico , DNA , China , Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genéticaRESUMO
Ovarian cancer is currently the second most common malignant tumor among gynecological cancers worldwide, primarily due to challenges in early diagnosis, high recurrence rates, and resistance to existing treatments. Current therapeutic options are inadequate for addressing the needs of ovarian cancer patients. Ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death with demonstrated tumor-suppressive properties, has gained increasing attention in ovarian malignancy research. A growing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a significant role in the onset, progression, and incidence of ovarian cancer. Additionally, it has been found that immunotherapy, an emerging frontier in tumor treatment, synergizes with ferroptosis in the context of ovarian cancer. Consequently, ferroptosis is likely to become a critical target in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Ferroptose , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Humanos , Ferroptose/imunologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/imunologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/terapia , Feminino , Imunoterapia/métodos , AnimaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To dynamically track the publications on central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and depict the research status and hot spots to guide future research. METHODS: Gather all papers published in this area between 2004 and 2024 in the WOSCC databases comprehensively, assess their trends, and characterize the contributions of various nations, authors, institutions, and journals. In addition, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software are used to obtain the most popular keywords for the topic. RESULTS: A total of 2,203 papers were published across 1,863 institutions in 59 countries. Among these, 6,907 authors contributed to publications in 300 journals and generated a total of 35,638 citations. The number of publications continues to grow steadily. Notably, Jay Chhablani's team/Lab stands out as the leading contributor with ownership of 84 publications. Through keyword network analysis and clustering techniques, risk factor-related clustering, imaging-related clustering, pathogenesis-related clustering, and treatment-related clustering were identified. Furthermore, keyword analysis has unveiled emerging frontier areas including pachychoroid disease, choroidal vasculature abnormalities, PDT therapy, and optical coherence tomography that have garnered increasing interest. CONCLUSION: This study presents a comprehensive review of central serous retinopathy research conducted in the past two decades, highlighting key trends and exploring emerging research frontiers within this field. As such, it provides valuable references and suggestions for researchers engaged in studying this topic.
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Purpose: The regulation of mitophagy by Sirt3 has rarely been studied in ocular diseases. In the present study, we determined the effects of Sirt3 on AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway-mediated mitophagy in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in a high glucose environment. Methods: The mRNA expression levels of Sirt3, AMPK, mTOR, ULK1, and LC3B in RPE cells under varying glucose conditions were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expressions of Sirt3, mitophagy protein, and AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Lentivirus (LV) transfection mediated the stable overexpression of Sirt3 in cell lines. The experimental groups were NG (5.5 mM glucose), hypertonic, HG (30 mM glucose), HG + LV-GFP, and HG + LV-Sirt3. Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of mitophagy proteins and AMPK/mTOR/ULK1-related proteins in a high glucose environment during the overexpression of Sirt3. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in a high glucose environment was measured by DCFH-DA staining. Mitophagy was detected by labeling mitochondria and lysosomes with MitoTracker and LysoTracker probes, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results: Sirt3 expression was reduced in the high glucose group, inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway, with diminished mitophagy and increased intracellular ROS production. The overexpression of Sirt3, increased expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ULK1/ULK1, and decreased expression of p-mTOR/mTOR inhibited cell apoptosis and enhanced mitophagy. Conclusions: Sirt3 protected RPE cells from high glucose-induced injury by activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Translational Relevance: By identifying new targets of action, we aimed to establish effective therapeutic targets for diabetic retinopathy treatment.
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Retinopatia Diabética , Mitofagia , Sirtuína 3 , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/genética , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Proteína Homóloga à Proteína-1 Relacionada à Autofagia/genética , Proteína Homóloga à Proteína-1 Relacionada à Autofagia/metabolismo , Retinopatia Diabética/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Glucose/toxicidade , Mitofagia/genética , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Retina/metabolismo , Retina/patologia , Sirtuína 3/genética , Sirtuína 3/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) patients may experience retinal microvascular changes. However, current diagnostic methods for PMN are not accurate in analyzing these modifications. In the present study, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used for quantitative measurement of microvascular changes in the eyes of PMN patients. METHODS: A total of 26 patients with PMN and 26 healthy control (HC) were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCTA were used to collect retinal thickness (RT) and microvascular parameters in the macula and optic disk in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) of all subjects. Clinical data were collected from the PMN group. The OCT and OCTA data for PMN and HC group were compared, and the correlation between the OCTA and clinical data in the PMN group was determined. RESULTS: Vascular density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) in the macular area of the PMN group were significantly lower than those of the HC group, especially in the temporal quadrant. No significant difference in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), optic disc microvascular parameters, RT, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was observed between the two groups. Correlation was noted between VD and PD in the macular area and clinical indicators, such as serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, 24 h urine volume and urinary protein concentration. CONCLUSION: Microvascular alterations in PMN patients occurred before ocular symptoms. The present quantitative study proposed a measurement method for detecting early retinal vascular injury in PMN patients.
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Glomerulonefrite Membranosa , Microcirculação , Vasos Retinianos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Humanos , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Glomerulonefrite Membranosa/fisiopatologia , Glomerulonefrite Membranosa/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vasos Retinianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Vasos Retinianos/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Estudos de Casos e ControlesRESUMO
PURPOSE: To systematically summarize the research trends and emphases of ROP in the past decades by analyzing the characteristics of the top 100 cited ROP articles. METHODS: The 100 most cited articles on ROP published from January 1, 1950 to December 31, 2021 were searched by Web of Science. Information such as year of publication, number of citations, journal and impact factor, type of research and topic, country of origin, institution and authorship of each article was extracted to analyze its characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 15,928 articles were returned. These articles were published in 43 journals between 1952 and 2018, originating from 14 countries. The most widely published journal was Pediatrics (n = 19, IF = 8.109), followed by Archives of Ophthalmology (n = 15, IF = 4.399). The most cited paper (Gole et al. Archives of Ophthalmology 2005 Jul, 1614 citations) reported on the international classification of ROP. The most prevalent topic was the pathophysiology of ROP (n = 39), followed by the treatment of ROP (n = 32). Most were original research (n = 72), mainly based on research design of basic science. The most published articles were published in the United States (n = 61), and the institutions were Oregon Health & Science University, Dept Ophthalmol (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS: These 100 most frequently cited papers reflect the significant progress and several hot topics of ROP in recent decades, and this paper will help us further understand the knowledge and progress of ROP diagnosis and treatment.
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Oftalmologia , Retinopatia da Prematuridade , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Criança , BibliometriaRESUMO
(1) Background: To evaluate the efficacy of conjunctival limbal autograft (CLAU) combined with the amnion-assisted conjunctival epithelial redirection (ACER) procedure for patients with unilateral total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) caused by severe chemical burn. (2) Methods: A retrospective interventional case series of unilateral total LSCD after chemical burn who underwent CLAU combined with ACER surgery between September 2021 and July 2023 was collected. Outcome measures included epithelialization of the cornea with donor limbus-derived epithelium, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and complications. (3) Results: Nine males and one female were included in this study. The mean age was 40.9 ± 9.63 (range, 26 to 55) years. The average duration between injury and CLAU combined with the ACER procedure was 7.67 ± 3.97 (range, 4 to 18) months. All patients achieved corneal epithelialization and improved BCVA. Postoperative complications occurred in four cases, including delayed corneal epithelial healing in one case, delayed amniotic membrane dissolution and detachment in two cases, and recurrence of symblepharon in one case. No complications were noted in the healthy donor eyes. (4) Conclusions: CLAU combined with ACER is a safe and effective treatment for unilateral total LSCD caused by severe chemical burn. This combined surgery restores visual function for patients with corneal blindness caused by chemical burn, reducing the burden on the families and society.
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Diabetes mellitus, an epidemic with a rapidly increasing number of patients, always leads to delayed wound healing associated with consistent pro-inflammatory M1 polarization, decreased angiogenesis and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the microenvironment. Herein, a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based microneedle patch loaded with magnesium hydride (MgH2) (MN-MgH2) is manufactured for defeating diabetic wounds. The application of microneedle patch contributes to the transdermal delivery and the prolonged release of MgH2 that can generate hydrogen (H2) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) after reaction with body fluids. The released H2 reduces the production of ROS, transforming the pathological microenvironment induced by diabetes mellitus. Meanwhile, the released Mg2+ promotes the polarization of pro-healing M2 macrophages. Consequently, cell proliferation and migration are improved, and angiogenesis and tissue regeneration are enhanced. Such intelligent microneedle patch provides a novel way for accelerating wound healing through steadily preserving and releasing of H2 and Mg2+ locally and sustainably.
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BACKGROUND: Diagnosing and treating synchronous multiple primary lung cancers (sMPLC) are complex and challenging. This study aimed to report real-world data on the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of patients with early-stage sMPLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center cohort study was carried out and a large number of patients with early-stage sMPLC were included. A single- or two-stage surgery was performed to remove the primary and co-existing lesions. The "X" strategies, including ablation, SBRT, and EGFR-TKIs treatment, were applied to treat the high-risk residual lesions. Wide panel-genomic sequencing was performed to assess the genetic heterogeneity of the co-existing lesions. RESULTS: A total of 465 early-stage sMPLC patients with 1198 resected lesions were included. Despite most patients being histologically different or harboring different genetic alternations, about 7.5% of the patients had the same histological type and driver gene mutation changes, comprehensive re-evaluation is thus needed. The "Surgery + X" strategy showed remarkable efficacy and safety in treating multiple lesions. Follow-up data revealed that the T2 stage (p = 0.014) and the solid presence of a primary lesion (p < 0.001) were significantly related to tumor recurrence. And a T2-stage primary tumor had a significantly higher rate of developing new lesions after the initial surgery (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In real-world practice, histopathological and radiological evaluation combined with genetic analyses could be a robust diagnostic approach for sMPLC. The "Surgery + X" treatment strategy showed remarkable efficacy, superiority, and safety in the clinical treatment of early-stage sMPLC.
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Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/genética , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/cirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/diagnósticoRESUMO
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a vital role in promoting attachment and proliferation of endothelial cells, and induces angiogenesis. In recent years, much research has been conducted on functionalization of tissue engineering scaffolds with VEGF or VEGF-mimetic peptide to promote angiogenesis. However, most chemical reactions are nonspecific and require organic solvents, which can compromise control over functionalization and alter peptide/protein activity. An attractive alternative is the fabrication of functionalizable electrospun fibers, which can overcome these hurdles. In this study, we used thiol-ene chemistry for the conjugation of a VEGF-mimetic peptide to the surface of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous scaffolds with varying amounts of a functional PCL-diacrylate (PCL-DA) polymer. 30% PCL-DA was selected due to homogeneous fiber morphology. A VEGF-mimetic peptide was then immobilized on PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds by a light-initiated thiol-ene reaction. 7-Mercapto-4-methylcoumarin, RGD-FITC peptide and VEGF-TAMRA mimetic peptide were used to validate the thiol-ene reaction with fibrous scaffolds. Tensile strength and elastic modulus of 30% PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds were significantly increased after the reaction. Conjugation of 30% PCL-DA fibrous scaffolds with VEGF peptide increased the surface water wettability of the scaffolds. Patterned structures could be obtained after using a photomask on the fibrous film. Moreover, in vitro studies indicated that scaffolds functionalized with the VEGF-mimetic peptide were able to induce phosphorylation of VEGF receptor and enhanced HUVECs survival, proliferation and adhesion. A chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay further indicated that the VEGF peptide functionalized scaffolds are able to promote angiogenesis in vivo. These results show that scaffold functionalization can be controlled via a simple polymer mixing approach, and that the functionalized VEGF peptide-scaffolds have potential for vascular tissue regeneration.