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BACKGROUND: Double kissing crush (DKC) and nano-crush (NC) techniques are frequently used, but the comparison for both techniques is still lacking. The goal of this multicenter study was to retrospectively assess the midterm clinical results of DKC and NC stenting in patients with complex bifurcation lesions (CBLs). METHODS: A total of 324 consecutive patients [male: 245 (75.6%), mean age: 60.73 ± 10.21 years] who underwent bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention between January 2019 and May 2023 were included. The primary endpoint defined as the major cardiovascular events (MACE) included cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI), or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was performed to reduce treatment selection bias. This is the first report comparing the clinical outcomes of DKC and NC stenting in patients with CBL. RESULTS: The initial revascularization strategy was DKC in 216 (66.7%) cases and NC in 108 (33.3%) patients. SYNTAX scores [25.5 ± 6.73 vs. 23.32 ± 6.22, p = 0.005] were notably higher in the NC group than the DKC group. The procedure time (76.98 ± 25.1 vs. 57.5 ± 22.99 min, p = 0.001) was notably higher in the DKC group. The incidence of MACE (18.5 vs. 9.7%, p = 0.025), clinically driven TLR (14.8 vs. 6%, p = 0.009), and TVMI (10.2 vs. 4.2%, p = 0.048) were notably higher in the NC group than in the DKC group. The midterm MACE rate in the overall population notably differed between the NC group and the DKC group (adjusted HR (IPW): 2.712, [95% CI: 1.407-5.228], p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: In patients with CBLs, applying the DKC technique for bifurcation treatment had better ischemia-driven outcomes than the NC technique.
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Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/terapia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/mortalidade , Fatores de Tempo , Fatores de Risco , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/instrumentação , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/mortalidade , Stents , Medição de Risco , Stents FarmacológicosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of double kissing crush stenting (DKC) and mini-culotte technique (MCT) in patients with complex bifurcation lesions. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 236 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for complex coronary bifurcation disease between January 2014 and November 2022. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF), defined as the combination of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). The secondary endpoint was major cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) including all-cause death, MI, TLR, stroke, or stent thrombosis. The regression models were adjusted by applying the inverse probability weighted (IPW) approach to reduce treatment selection bias. RESULTS: The initial management strategy was DKC in 154 (65.3%) patients and MCT in 82 (34.7%) patients (male: 194 [82.2%], mean age: 60.85⯱ 10.86 years). The SYNTAX scores were similar in both groups. The rates of long-term TLF and MACCE rates were 17.4% and 20%, respectively. The rate of TLF (26.8% vs. 12.3%, pâ¯= 0.005) was higher in patients treated with MCT than those treated with the DKC technique, mainly driven by more frequent TLR (15.9% vs. 7.1%, pâ¯= 0.035). The long-term TLF and MACCE rates were notably lower in the DKC group compared to the others: adjusted hazard ratio (HR; IPW): 0.407, pâ¯= 0.009 for TLF, and adjusted HR(IPW): 0.391 [95% CI: 0.209-0.730], pâ¯= 0.003 for MACCE. CONCLUSION: At long-term follow-up, the rates of TLF and MACCE were 17.4% and 20%, respectively. However, long-term TLF was significantly higher in patients treated with MCT than those treated with the DKC technique, primarily due to a more frequent occurrence of clinically driven TLR.
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a targeted treatment method that utilizes a photosensitizer (PS) to induce cytotoxicity in malignant and non-malignant tumors. Optimization of PDT requires investigation of the selectivity of PS for the target tissues, irradiating light source, irradiation wavelengths, fluence rate, fluence, illumination mode, and overall treatment plan. In this study, we developed the Multi-mode Automatized Well-plate PDT LED Laboratory Irradiation System (MAWPLIS), an innovative device that automates time-consuming well plate light dosage/PS dose measurement experiment. The careful control of LED current and temperature stabilization in the LED module allowed the system to achieve high optical output stability. The MAWPLIS was designed by integrating a 3-axis moving system and motion controller, a quick-switching LED controller unit equipped with interchangeable LED modules capable of employing multiple wavelengths, and a TEC system. The proposed system achieved high optical output stability (1 mW) within the range of 0-500 mW, high wavelength stability (5 nm) at 635 nm, and high temperature stability (0.2 °C) across all radiation modes. The system's validation involved in vitro analysis using 5-ALA across varying concentrations, incubation periods, light exposures, and wavelengths in HT-29 colon cancer and WI-38 human lung fibroblast cell lines. Specifically, a combination of 405 nm and 635 nm wavelengths was selected to demonstrate enhanced strategies for colon cancer cell eradication and system validation. The MAWPLIS system represents a significant advancement in photodynamic therapy (PDT) research, offering automation and standardization of time-intensive experiments, high stability and precision, and improved PDT efficacy through dual-wavelength integration.
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Fotoquimioterapia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fotoquimioterapia/instrumentação , Humanos , Células HT29 , Ácido Aminolevulínico/administração & dosagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Modern healthcare systems require the right mix of medical specialties for effective provision of high-quality services. Despite increased availability of general physicians and specialists, Türkiye lags behind high-income countries in terms of availability of specialists. The purpose of the study is to identify several specific factors that affect the choice of medical specialization. METHODS: All 350 medical school graduates in a specialty examination preparation bootcamp were requested to participate in the survey and 333 completed the self-administered questionnaire. The survey asked questions about factors affecting choice of medical specialty by medical graduates. RESULTS: The empirical results indicate that surgical specialties, compared to other broad medical specializations, are selected because of its higher income-earning potential and social prestige. The likelihood of selecting surgical specialties is negatively affected by rigorousness of the training program, high work-load, risk of malpractice lawsuits and risk of workplace violence. Male participants were 2.8 times more likely to select surgery specialty compared to basic medical science. Basic medical science areas were selected at a higher rate by female graduates and graduates with high level of academic performance in medical schools. CONCLUSIONS: It is critically important to improve trust and inter-personal communications between the patients and physicians in all specialties to lower the likelihood of malpractice lawsuits and workplace violence. Policy-makers may adopt policies to affect income earning potential and social prestige of targeted specializations to improve their supply.
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Clínicos Gerais , Medicina , Estudantes de Medicina , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Turquia , Escolha da Profissão , EspecializaçãoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are dynamic phenomena with a high amount of intraindividual variability. We applied a multilevel framework to identify subsyndromes (between-person factors) that represent clinically relevant profiles of BPSD and identify symptom clusters (within-person factors) that represent contextually driven daily symptom experiences. METHODS: This study used an intensive longitudinal design in which 68 co-residing family caregivers to persons living with dementia were recruited to proxy report on their care recipient's daily symptom experiences of 23 different BPSD for eight consecutive days (n = 443 diaries). A multilevel exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis was used to account for nested data and separate within-person variances from between-level factor estimates. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis identified a 4-between 3-within factor structure based on fit statistics and clinical interpretability. DISCUSSION: This study offers major methodological and conceptual advancements for management of BPSD within Alzheimer's disease and related dementias by introducing two related but distinct concepts of subsyndromes and symptom clusters. HIGHLIGHTS: Because behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are dynamic temporal phenomenon, this introduces measurement error into aggregate group-level estimates when trying to create subsyndromes. We propose a multilevel analysis to provide a more valid and reliable estimation by separating out variance due to within-person daily fluctuations. Using a multilevel exploratory factor analysis with intensive longitudinal data, we identified distinct and meaningful groups of BPSD. The four factors at the between-person level represented subsyndromes that are based on how BPSD co-occurred among persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). These subsyndromes are clinically relevant because they share features of established clinical phenomena and may have similar neurobiological etiologies. We also found three within-person factors representing distinct symptom clusters. They are based on how BPSD clustered together on a given day for an individual with AD and related dementias. These clusters may have shared environmental triggers.
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BACKGROUND: The effect of physiological circulatory changes during pregnancy on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been reported with limited data. This study aimed to provide information regarding outcomes of pregnant women with HCM and to identify predictors of major adverse cardiac event (MACE). METHODS: A total of 45 pregnancies with HCM were retrospectively reviewed. The primary endpoint was a MACE that occurred within an 8week period after delivery, including maternal death, heart failure (HF), syncope, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Baseline and outcome data were analyzed for all patients. Patients with and without MACE were compared, and patients with obstructive HCM were compared with those who had non-obstructive HCM. The study population was divided into two subgroups of patients having or not having an implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation (ICD). RESULTS: At least one MACE occurred in 11 patients (24.4%); six patients developed HF (13.3%), six had a ventricular tachyarrhythmia (13.3%), and two had syncope (4.4%). New York Heart Association functional class of ≥â¯II, presence of HF signs before pregnancy, increased left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient were significantly associated with MACE. Fatal VAs were seen during pregnancy in one of five HCM patients with ICD. In the ROC curve analysis, an LVOT gradient higher than 53.5â¯mmâ¯Hg predicted the presence of MACE with a sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 73.5%. This study is the largest series in the literature representing pregnant women who had HCM and ICD. CONCLUSION: The current data suggest that HF and high LVOT gradients are important risk factors for the development of cardiac complications.
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Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Taquicardia Ventricular , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Gestantes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/complicações , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/diagnóstico , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/terapia , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/complicações , Morte Súbita Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Morte Súbita Cardíaca/prevenção & controle , Morte Súbita Cardíaca/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Using the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)/pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) ratio as an index of right ventricular load adaptability, we aimed to evaluate early changes in right heart contractile function of patients with group 1 pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) after sequential combination PAH-specific therapy. METHODS: A total of 49 patients with group 1 PAH and 31 control participants were included in the study. The baseline clinical and echocardiographic data of the control and PAH group were compared. Subsequently, clinical and echocardiographic data of PAH patients before treatment and at 6 months after PAH-specific treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: A significant increase in the TAPSE/PASP ratio was found in patients at 6 months of PAH-specific treatment (0.25⯱ 0.14; 0.33⯱ 0.16, pâ¯< 0.001). Right atrial pressure (8â¯mmâ¯Hg [5-10]; 5â¯mmâ¯Hg [3-8], pâ¯< 0.001) and PASP (80.8⯱ 30.6â¯mmâ¯Hg; 65.9⯱ 25.7â¯mmâ¯Hg, pâ¯< 0.001) were significantly lower after sequential combination PAH-specific therapy. Negative correlations were found between the TAPSE/PASP ratio and Nterminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (râ¯= -0.524, pâ¯< 0.001), tricuspid regurgitation velocity (râ¯= -0.749, pâ¯< 0.001), right atrial area (râ¯= -0.298, pâ¯= 0.037), and right atrial pressure (râ¯= -0.463, pâ¯= 0.001). CONCLUSION: In patients with group 1 PAH, echocardiographic evaluation at the early stage of treatment (6 months) shows a significant improvement in the TAPSE/PASP ratio indicating right ventricular load adaptation. Comprehensive studies are needed on the routine use of the TAPSE/PASP ratio in the risk assessment of PAH patients.
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Hipertensão Pulmonar , Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar , Disfunção Ventricular Direita , Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertensão Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Ecocardiografia , Hipertensão Pulmonar Primária Familiar , Coração , Função Ventricular Direita , Disfunção Ventricular Direita/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Myocardial bridging (MB) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are associated with the risk of fatal ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). The goal of the study was to determine the relationship between MB and fatal VAs in HCM patients with implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD). METHODS: A total of 108 HCM patients (mean age: 46.6⯱ 13.6 years; male: 73) were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography and coronary computed tomography angiography. Fatal VAs including sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation were documented in ICD records. RESULTS: There were documented fatal VAs in 29 (26.8%) patients during a mean follow-up time of 71.3⯱ 30.9 months. Compared with the other groups, the fatal VA group had a higher incidence of the following: presence of MB (82.8 vs. 38%, pâ¯< 0.001), deep MB (62.1 vs. 6.3%, pâ¯< 0.001), very deep MB (24.1 vs. 0%, pâ¯< 0.001), long MB (65.5 vs. 11.4%, pâ¯< 0.001), presence of >â¯1 MB (17.2 vs. 0%, pâ¯= 0.001), and MB of the left anterior descending artery (79.3 vs. 17.7%, pâ¯< 0.001) . Sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk score (hazard ratio: 1.194; 95% CI: 1.071-1.330; pâ¯= 0.001) and presence of MB (hazard ratio: 3.815; 95% CI: 1.41-10.284; pâ¯= 0.008) were found to be independent predictors of fatal VAs in HCM patients. CONCLUSIONS: The current data suggest that the SCD risk score and presence of MB were independent risk factors for fatal VAs in patients with HCM. In addition to conventional risk factors, the coronary anatomical course can provide clinicians with valuable information when assessing the risk of fatal VAs in HCM patients.
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Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica , Desfibriladores Implantáveis , Ponte Miocárdica , Taquicardia Ventricular , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ponte Miocárdica/complicações , Ponte Miocárdica/diagnóstico por imagem , Ponte Miocárdica/epidemiologia , Arritmias Cardíacas , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/complicações , Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica/diagnóstico por imagem , Taquicardia Ventricular/diagnóstico , Taquicardia Ventricular/epidemiologia , Taquicardia Ventricular/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Morte Súbita Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Morte Súbita Cardíaca/etiologia , Desfibriladores Implantáveis/efeitos adversosRESUMO
This study investigated the effects of dietary 6-phytase, produced by a genetically modified Komagataella phaffii, on growth performance, feed utilisation, flesh quality, villus morphometric properties, and intestinal mRNA expression in rainbow trout. Six iso-nitrogenous, iso-lipidic, and iso-caloric diets were formulated and fed to triplicate groups of juvenile rainbow trout weighing 32.57 ± 0.36 g (mean ± SD) for 90 days. The dietary treatments included two positive controls (PC), one formulated with 400 g/kg of fish meal named T1, and the other formulated with 170 g/kg of fish meal plus 1% avP derived from monocalcium phosphate named T2. The remaining dietary treatments consisted of a negative control (NC) formulated with 170 g/kg of fish meal (T3), NC+ 750, NC+ 1500, and NC+ 3000 OTU/kg levels of phytase designated as T4, T5, and T6 diets respectively. Compared to T1, weight gain (WG) increased by 16.29, 13.71 and 11.66% in T4, T5 and T6, respectively (p < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lowered by 3.2 and 0.8% in T4 and T5 compared to T1 (p < 0.05). WG, feed intake (FI), FCR, final body length, bone ash, bone ash P, and intestinal morphometry were negatively affected in T3 fed fish (p < 0.05). Whole-body fish nutrient, bone ash, bone ash phosphorus (P) compositions and mucosal villus morphometric properties improved in rainbow trout fed diets supplemented with phytase dose ranging from 750-3000 OTU. Bone ash increased by 6.12% in T5 compared to T1 (p < 0.05). Phytase inclusion enhanced the profitability of feeding juvenile rainbow trout such diets as it reduced the feed price and economic conversion rate. Dietary inclusion of phytase down-regulated mRNA expression of genes responsible for fatty acid synthesis and lipogenesis in juvenile rainbow trout. Dietary phytase up-regulated the mRNA expression of genes (SLC4A11 and ATP1A3A) responsible for nutrient uptake and down-regulated intestinal expression of MUCIN 5AC-like genes (mucus secreting genes) in juvenile rainbow trout. Along with improving performance parameters, the inclusion of phytase in rainbow trout diet containing plant-based protein sources, can preserve intestinal morphology by regulating the mRNA expression of genes responsible for fatty acid synthesis, lipogenesis and nutrient uptake and transport.
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6-Fitase , Oncorhynchus mykiss , Animais , 6-Fitase/metabolismo , Oncorhynchus mykiss/metabolismo , Dieta/veterinária , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análiseRESUMO
PURPOSE: Febrile neutropenia resulting from chemotherapy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. We had previously published the associates of the risk of febrile neutropenia, and this study now extends and modifies the previous model as well as tests its external validity. METHODS: We have recruited documented febrile neutropenia cases with solid tumors, in addition to a selected control group of cancer patients from one institution treated between 2015 and 2019. We then united our sample with our previously published original derivation group, to modify and update our previous model by logistic regression analysis. Additionally, consecutive cancer patients from 5 institutions were recruited in 2020 to test external validity of the resultant algorithm. RESULTS: A total of 4075 cycles of chemotherapy in 1282 cases were recruited in the updated, new model derivation group, and a total of 8 variables were selected for the updated algorithm. In the new external validation group, 653 cycles of chemotherapy in 624 patients were analyzed, to indicate that after cycles without prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) usage, the algorithm yielded a sensitivity value of 91%, specificity of 40%, and an area under curve (AUC) figure of 0.78, when a risk cutoff threshold value of ≥ 0.20 is chosen. This algorithm is now embedded in a web application for free clinical use. CONCLUSION: Our algorithm identifies and quantifies the risk of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. Further studies are required to improve this model with additional predictors.
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Neutropenia Febril , Neoplasias , Algoritmos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Neutropenia Febril/induzido quimicamente , Neutropenia Febril/epidemiologia , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Cadmium (Cd), is a heavy metal reported to be associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In this paper, we investigated the possible protective effects of carvacrol against Cd-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were treated orally with Cd (25 mg/kg body weight) and with carvacrol (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days. Carvacrol decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and monoamine oxidase (MAO), and significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in brain tissue. Additionally, carvacrol alleviated the in levels of inflammation and apoptosis related proteins involving p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), B-cell lymphoma-3 (Bcl-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), myeloperoxidase (MPO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cysteine aspartate specific protease-3 (caspase-3) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) in the Cd-induced neurotoxicity. Carvacrol also decreased the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP9 and MMP13), as well as 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8 - OHdG) level, a marker of oxidative DNA damage. Collectively, our findings indicated that carvacrol has a beneficial effect in ameliorating the Cd-induced neurotoxicity in the brain of rats.
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Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Síndromes Neurotóxicas , Animais , Apoptose , Peso Corporal , Cádmio/toxicidade , Cimenos , Glutationa/metabolismo , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/tratamento farmacológico , Estresse Oxidativo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is related to cardiovascular disease and results in increased mortality rates. Ischemia, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, impaired cardiac ionic currents, and genetic predisposition may be the underlying mechanisms. Proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling detected on the basis of Tpe interval, Tp-e/QT, and Tp-e/QTc ratios plays a key role in the prognosis. Our aim was to assess proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling in patients with RA, a well-known chronic inflammatory disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 163 patients with RA and 47 patients as a control group were included in this retrospective study. Proarrhythmic ventricular electrophysiological remodeling markers were evaluated in both groups along with baseline demographic and clinical variables. Patients using medication or with chronic disorders that can affect ventricular repolarization markers were excluded. RESULTS: The patients with RA had prolonged Tpe interval (66 ms [44-80]; 80 ms [78-96], pâ¯< 0.001) and increased Tp-e/QT ratio (0.18 [0.12-0.22]; 0.22 [0.20-0.24], pâ¯< 0.001) and Tp-e/QTc ratio (0.16 [0.11-0.19]; 0.20 [0.17-0.22], pâ¯< 0.001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The Tpe interval and Tp-e/QT ratio, which may help to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias, were increased in patients with RA.
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Artrite Reumatoide , Eletrocardiografia , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Biomarcadores , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Remodelação VentricularRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe, life-threatening disorder despite the availability of specific drug therapy. A lack of endogenous prostacyclin secondary to downregulation of prostacyclin synthase in PAH may contribute to vascular pathologies. Therefore, prostacyclin and its analogs including inhaled iloprost may decrease pulmonary arterial pressure and ventricular pressure. METHODS: Here, we studied that acute effects of iloprost used in pulmonary vasoreactivity testing on the intracardiac conduction system in patients with PAH. A total of 35 (15 idiopathic PAH, 20 congenital heart disease) patients with PAH were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into two groups: 22 patients with negative pulmonary vasoreactivity in group 1 and 13 with positive pulmonary vasoreactivity in group 2. Electrophysiological parameters including basic cycle length, atrium-His (AH) interval, His-ventricle (HV) interval, PR interval, QT interval, QRS duration, Wenckebach period, and sinus node recovery time (SNRT) were evaluated before and after pulmonary vasoreactivity testing in both groups. RESULTS: The AH interval (81 [74-93]; 80 [65.5-88], pâ¯= 0.019) and SNRT (907.7⯱ 263.4; 854.0⯱ 288.04, pâ¯= 0.027) was significantly decreased after pulmonary vasoreactivity testing. Mean right atrium pressure was found to be correlated with baseline AH (râ¯= 0.371, pâ¯= 0.031) and SNRT (râ¯= 0.353, pâ¯= 0.037). CONCLUSION: Inhaled iloprost can improve cardiovascular performance in the presence of PAH, primarily through a reduction in right ventricular afterload and interventricular pressure. Decreased pressure on the interventricular septum and ventricles leads to conduction system normalization including of the AH interval and SNRT due to resolution of inflammation and edema.
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Hipertensão Pulmonar , Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar , Administração por Inalação , Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/complicações , Iloprosta/farmacologia , Iloprosta/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , VasodilatadoresRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous type of cancer and current treatment options limit successful therapy outcomes. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted attention as an alternative approach in the treatment of different types of cancer. However, there is no study in the literature regarding the effect of PDT on HCC, in vitro. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)/PDT on two different HCC cell lines in terms of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The therapeutic effects of 5-ALA-based PDT on HCC cell lines (Huh-7 and SNU-449) were evaluated by PpIX-fluorescence accumulation, WST-1 analysis, Annexin V analysis, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining after irradiation with different light doses through diode laser. The results showed that 1 mM 5-ALA displayed higher PpIX fluorescence in the SNU-449 cell line than the Huh-7 cell line after 4 h of incubation. After irradiation with different light doses (3, 6, 9, and 12 J/cm2), 5-ALA significantly reduced the proliferation of HCC cells and induced apoptotic cell death (p < 0.01). Furthermore, SNU-449 cells were more responsive to 5-ALA-based PDT than Huh-7 cells due to possibly its molecular features as well as viral HBV status. Our preliminary data obtained from this study may contribute to the development of 5-ALA/PDT-based treatment strategies in the treatment of HCC. However, this study could be improved by the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of cell death induced by 5-ALA/PDT in HCC cells, the use of different photosensitizer, light sources, and in vivo experiments.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Fotoquimioterapia , Ácido Aminolevulínico/farmacologia , Ácido Aminolevulínico/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/uso terapêutico , ProtoporfirinasRESUMO
Nitric oxide (NO) is known to induce plant resistance for several environmental stresses. The protective roles of NO in cadmium (Cd) toxicity have been well documented for various plant species; nevertheless, little information is available about its molecular regulation in improving Cd tolerance of barley plants. Therefore, we combined a comparative proteomics with physiological analyses to evaluate the potential roles of NO in alleviating Cd stress (50 µM) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings. Exogenous application of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 100 µM) decreased the Cd-mediated seedling growth inhibition. This observation was supported by the reduction of lipid peroxidation as well as the improvement of chlorophyll content and inhibition of hydrogen peroxide accumulation. Activities of the superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase were reduced following the application of SNP, while ascorbate peroxidase activity was enhanced. In this study, a total of 34 proteins were significantly regulated by NO in the leaves under Cd stress using a gel-based proteomic approach. The proteomic analysis showed that several pathways were noticeably influenced by NO including photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, energy metabolism, stress defense, and signal transduction. These results provide new evidence that NO induce photosynthesis and energy metabolism which may enhance Cd tolerance in barley seedlings. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01214-3.
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The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based physical exercise program on university students' psychological well-being and life satisfaction. In the study, a randomized control group pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test design was used. The study group consisted of 60 students (30 in an experimental group and 30 in a control group) continuing their education in different faculties of a foundation university during the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey. A personal information questionnaire, Psychological Well-Being Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale were used to collect the study data. The Mindfulness-Based Physical Exercise Program was implemented in the experimental group, once a week for 8 sessions. The results suggested significant differences between the psychological well-being and life satisfaction post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. In the sub-dimensions of psychological well-being, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups in post-test scores of environmental mastery, personal growth, and purpose in life. There was no significant difference between the psychological well-being, positive relationships with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance sub-dimensions except personal growth sub-dimensions, and life satisfaction post-test and follow-up test scores of the university students in the experimental group. In the post-test comparisons of two groups, a significant difference was found between total psychological well-being, environmental mastery, personal growth, purpose in life, and self-acceptance, in favor of the experimental group.
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Cluster randomized trials are frequently used in educational research for methodological reasons. This study aims to improve the efficiency of cluster randomized trials on computer/information literacy and computational thinking. The study employs a two-level hierarchical linear model to estimate (i) intraclass correlation coefficients, (ii) the amount of explained variances given selected predictors, and (iii) minimum detectable effect sizes given the set of plausible scenarios. Two data cycles from the International Computer and Information Study were used. The covariates at the student level are gender, interest in ICT, parents' highest education level, ICT self-efficacy, and experience with computers. The covariates at school/teacher level are teacher's ICT use, ratio of school size to the number of computers for student use, availability of ICT resources at school, approximate teacher age, and ICT self-efficacy. Findings showed that the most precise effect could be measured when student and teacher/school covariates are both adopted. Lastly, it was revealed that increasing the number of schools is effective to get the most precise effect.
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Cardiac hemangioma is a benign and rare primary tumor of the heart. Though it has benign histopathological features, its complications can be life-threatening. We report a young adult male without any prior structural heart disease or medical history who presented with ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Echocardiography revealed an echogenic mass located intramurally in the left lateral ventricle and its distinctive characteristics were revealed with further imaging modalities. Though simple complete removal of the mass is the preferred treatment, its firm texture and thinned encircling myocardium prevented the total excision. In this case report, we discussed cardiac hemangioma, its potential complications and treatment options.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cardíacas , Hemangioma , Taquicardia Ventricular , Arritmias Cardíacas , Ecocardiografia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/complicações , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirurgia , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangioma/diagnóstico , Hemangioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Taquicardia Ventricular/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
The goal of the present work was to examine associations between COVID-19 pneumonia severity and pulmonary artery diameter. A total of 101 patients with COVID-19 were included in this retrospective observational study. The patients were divided into three groups based on the CT images: 41 patients with mild pneumonia, group 2 had 39 patients with moderate pneumonia, and group 3 had 21 patients with severe pneumonia. Furthermore, the diameter of the main pulmonary artery was calculated as well as ascending aorta, right and left pulmonary artery diameters. Laboratory analysis results were also compared. Analyses show an increased main pulmonary artery diameter is associated with poorer prognosis for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies are needed into the mechanisms between severe hypoxemia, increased inflammation, and vascular resistance and higher numbers of thromboembolic events.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Embolia Pulmonar , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Artéria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Cysteine (Cys) is incorporated into several compounds which are involved in detoxification of heavy metals. It is evident from recent studies that Cys is effective in alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals. Nevertheless, little is known about the Cys-mediated alleviation of chromium (Cr) toxicity. In our study, the impacts of exogenous Cys on Cr-stressed maize (Zea mays L.) were examined by using physiological and proteomic analyses. The results showed that Cr (100 µM) increased the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, decreased cell viability, enhanced lipid peroxidation and consequently inhibited plant growth. The application of Cys (500 µM) attenuated the adverse effects of Cr on seedling growth. Cys supplementation to Cr treated plants decreased Cr accumulation in the shoots and increased Cr accumulation in roots. Cys treatment also modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased endogenous Cys content. Sixty proteins in root tissue were significantly affected by exogenous Cys under Cr stress using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Forty-six differentially expressed proteins were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. These differentially expressed proteins were involved in various biological pathways such as stress response (41.3%), energy and carbohydrate metabolism (21.7%), protein metabolism (6.5%), amino acid metabolism (6.5%), and others of unknown functions. The defense response-related proteins including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferases, pathogenesis-related proteins, glyoxalases and superoxide dismutase were differently regulated by Cys suggesting their roles in the Cys-mediated Cr tolerance.