Influence of Antenna Element Position Deviation on Radiation Performance of Helical Antenna Array.

The electrical performance of the feed array is degraded because of the position deviation of the array elements caused by manufacturing and processing, which cannot meet the high performance feeding requirements of large feed arrays. In this paper, a radiation field model of the helical antenna array considering the position deviation of array elements is proposed to investigate the influence law of position deviation on the electrical performance of the feed array. With the established model, the rectangular planar array and the circular array of the helical antenna with a radiating cup are discussed and the relationship between electrical performance index and position deviation is established by numerical analysis and curve fitting method. The research results show that the position deviation of the antenna array elements will lead to the rise of the sidelobe level, the deviation of the beam pointing, and the increase of the return loss. The valuable simulation results provided by this work can be used in antenna engineering, guiding antenna designers to set optimal parameters when fabricating antennae.

[Treatment of penile strangulation and sexual psychological analysis of the patients].

OBJECTIVE: To find the best treatment of penile strangulation and to analyze the sexual psychological factors of the patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the experiences in removing foreign objects around the penis in 21 patients aged 19 - 61 years with the strangulation time varying from 10 hours to 4 days. The objects were mostly made of metal or plastics. RESULTS: All the objects were successfully removed, 5 of them with the help of lubricant, 4 by aspirating the corpus cavernosum, 8 by shipping with pliers, 2 with the diamond-tipped dental drill, and the other 2, which virtually defied cutting, by aspirating the corpus cavernosum following degloving surgery. CONCLUSION: In removing foreign objects around the penis, simpler methods should be given precedence over more complex ones, and for those that virtually defy cutting, the best option is degloving surgery with particular attention to the survival of the penile skin flap.

[Relationship between the intrapelvic perfusion pressure in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy and postoperative recovery].

OBJECTIVES: To introduce the method to monitor intrapelvic perfusion pressure during minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL), and to observe the effect of high pressure intrapelvic perfusion on recovery. METHODS: The end of F5 ureteral catheter and aseptic transducer were connected by self-made connecter. During the operation, 46 renal calculi cases were monitored, and the early complication, such as fever, pain index, drop of hemoglobin, the stone-free rate and hospital stay were investigated. And the relationship between the variation of pressure and recovery was studied. RESULTS: Intrapelvic perfusion pressure ranged from 3 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) to 50 mm Hg during the course of MPCNL. The definition of high pressure was the time of the pressure more than 30 mm Hg not less than 10 min. Postoperative fever rate, pain index, drop of hemoglobin and hospital stay in the high pressure were significantly higher than low pressure group (P< or =0.05). There was no difference of the stone-free rate in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: During the course of MPCNL intrapelvic perfusion pressure should be monitor immediately. It should be careful to maintain the time of pressure more than 30 mm Hg less than 10 min for stable postoperative recovery.

Cloning and identification of frc gene from Oxalobacter frmigenes.

The cloning and identification of frc gene from Oxalobacter formigenes in the intestines of Chinese people were conducted. The genomic DNA of Oxalobacter formigenes was extracted. frc gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and linked with pEGFP-C1. The recombinant plasmid was designated pEGFP-frc and was identified by restriction-enzyme digestion and sequencing. Human embryo kidney 293 cells were transfected with pEGFP-frc, then RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of frc gene. The length of frc gene was found to be 1287 bp, and the homology of nucleotides and amino-acid residue with the sequence in GenBank was 95.88% and 99.07%. Bright green fluorescent light could be observed in 293 cells transfected with the pEGFP-frc. frc mRNA and fusion protein FCoAT-EGFP were detected in the cells. It is concluded that frc gene cloned from the Oxalobacter formigenes in the intestines of Chinese people can be expressed in eucaryotic 293 cells and keep its enzyme activity.

[Detection of DD3 mRNA in the urine of prostate cancer patients and its clinical significance].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the differential display code 3 mRNA (DD3 mRNA) in the urine sample of patients with prostate cancer and to evaluate its clinical significance. METHODS: DD3 mRNA in the urine collected from 48 patients with prostate cancer, 23 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 9 healthy male volunteers was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: DD3 products could not be detected in the urine samples of the BPH patients and healthy male volunteers, but could in 39/48 urine samples of the patients with prostate cancer. Significant difference was found between them (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The detection of DD3 mRNA in the urine promises to be a non-invasive, simple and sensitive method for the early diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of prostate cancer.

Clinical investigation on gastric oxalate absorption.

OBJECTIVE: To study the stomach role in exogenous oxalate absorption. METHODS: The kinetic variation of urinary oxalate excretion (mg/min) in 10 healthy adults and 8 patients who underwent total gastrectomy was investigated before and after an oral spinach oxalate load. The bioavailability of the oxalate load in the healthy adults was calculated and compared with that in the patients. RESULTS: The oxalate content in the oral spinach load was 2567-2670 mg. The urinary oxalate excretion (mg/min) in the 10 healthy adults increased significantly 20 minutes after loading (this increase was compared against their basic oxalate excretion level of 0.0331 +/- 0.0203). Further observations after loading include: a first peak of oxalate excretion 40 minutes after loading; an oxalate excretion level double that of the basic level after 60 minutes (0.0732 +/- 0.0294) and a second peak appearing at 3 hours (P < 0.01). A "first peak" (0.063% +/- 0.062%) was not in any of the patients who underwent a total gastrectomy. Furthermore, a bioavailability of oxalate, which was 50% lower than that in the healthy subjects, appeared 60 minutes after loading (0.098% +/- 0.071%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The stomach is a powerful oxalate absorption organ under normal physiological conditions. Further investigation on the relationship between stomach dysfunction and urinary calcium oxalate formation is needed.

[Clinical investigation of the treatment of children urethral calculi with pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscopy].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of pneumatic lithotripsy on children urethral calculi. METHODS: Twenty-two cases of the male children with urethral calculi were treated with pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscopy. RESULTS: All the patients were treated successfully in a single procedure. The time of lithotripsy was (5.5 +/- 2.2) minutes, and no serious complication such as obvious hematuria, infection and urethral stricture occurred. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscopy is an effective and simple way for the treatment of urethral calculi in children.

Laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation of renal tumors: 32-month mean follow-up results of 106 patients.

OBJECTIVE: To report our experience of laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on patients with renal tumors. RFA has been increasingly applied in the management of small renal tumors. However, it was performed mostly via percutaneous approach, with limited cases and a short follow-up period. METHODS: From February 2006 to March 2008, laparoscopic RFA was performed on 106 renal tumors (size range: 0.9-5.5 cm) in 106 selected patients (74 men and 32 women, age range: 25-81 years). Initial contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination was performed seven days after the procedure, with subsequent CT assessment at three months, six months, and every six months thereafter. Serum creatinine measurement was conducted along with each time CT examination. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 32 months (range: 12-48). All 106 tumors were biopsied before RFA, of which 90 were diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (84.90%). There was one incomplete ablation. One case with radiographic local recurrence was then proved by pathologic analysis of the nephrectomy specimen to have no cancer cells. The local tumor control rate was 98.1% (104/106). Of the 90 RCC cases, the disease-free survival rate was 97.8% (88/90); both the cancer-specific and the overall survival rate were 100%. No death or renal failure after the procedure has yet been found. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the laparoscopic RFA on small renal mass was safe, with outcomes of patients comparable with those by partial nephrectomy and percutaneous RFA. Further research and a longer follow-up period are needed to confirm our results.