A Recognition System for Diagnosing Salivary Gland Neoplasms Based on Vision Transformer.

Salivary gland neoplasms (SGNs) represent a group of human neoplasms characterized by a remarkable cyto-morphological diversity, which frequently poses diagnostic challenges. Accurate histological categorization of salivary tumors is crucial to make precise diagnoses and guide decisions regarding patient management. Within the scope of this study, a computer-aided diagnosis model utilizing Vision Transformer, a cutting-edge deep-learning model in computer vision, has been developed to accurately classify the most prevalent subtypes of SGNs. These subtypes include pleomorphic adenoma, myoepithelioma, Warthin's tumor, basal cell adenoma, oncocytic adenoma, cystadenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. The dataset comprised 3046 whole slide images (WSIs) of histologically confirmed salivary gland tumors, encompassing nine distinct tissue categories. SGN-ViT exhibited impressive performance in classifying the eight salivary gland tumors, achieving an accuracy of 0.9966, an AUC value of 0.9899, precision of 0.9848, recall of 0.9848, and an F1-score of 0.9848. When compared to benchmark models, SGN-ViT surpassed them in terms of diagnostic performance. In a subset of 100 WSIs, SGN-ViT demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance to that of the chief pathologist while significantly reducing the diagnosis time, indicating that SGN-ViT held the potential to serve as a valuable computer-aided diagnostic tool for salivary tumors, enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of junior pathologists.

Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China.

BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. METHODS: We extracted data regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China through January 29, 2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients (17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease. Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. CONCLUSIONS: During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the National Health Commission of China and others.).

Two-Fold Interpenetrated Binuclear Nickel Metal-Organic Framework as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for N-Heterocycle Synthesis.

A binuclear Ni(II)-based metal-organic framework {[Ni2(btb)1.333(H2O)3.578(py)1.422]·(DMF)(H2O)3.25}n (Nibtb) was solvothermally synthesized (H3btb = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxylphenyl)benzene, py = pyridine, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide). Nibtb shows a rare 2-fold interpenetrating (3,4)-connected 3D network with a point symbol of (83)4(86)3 based on binuclear Ni(II) clusters. Nibtb as a heterogeneous catalyst combines the high stability of MOFs and excellent catalytic activity of nickel, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity for the synthesis of benzimidazoles and pyrazoles under mild conditions. Moreover, the catalyst can be easily separated and reused for seven successive cycles and maintains high catalytic activity.

Ultrasensitive detection of UO2 2+ based on dopamine-functionalized MoOx quantum dots.

Uranium is an important nuclear fuel and the risk of human exposure to uranium increases as increasing amounts of uranium-containing waste enter the environment due to the rapid growth of nuclear power. Therefore, rapid, sensitive, and portable uranium detection is a promising approach to effectively control and monitor uranium contamination. To achieve this goal, abundant oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups were introduced to molybdenum oxide quantum dot (MoOx QDs) surfaces with dopamine (DA) modification. Due to the excellent coordination ability of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups with uranium, the obtained DA-functionalized MoOx QDs (DA-MoOx QDs) showed a strong binding affinity for uranium and sensitivity was increased nearly 1000-fold compared with MoOx QDs alone. The limit of detection was 3.85 nM, which is higher than most of the reported nanomaterials. Moreover, the DA-MoOx QD-based method showed high selectivity and uranium could be clearly detected under masking with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid even when the concentration of other metal ions was 100-fold higher than that of uranium, showing a very promising method for uranium contamination control and monitoring.

Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: a nationwide analysis.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is evolving rapidly worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of serious adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 by stratifying the comorbidity status. METHODS: We analysed data from 1590 laboratory confirmed hospitalised patients from 575 hospitals in 31 provinces/autonomous regions/provincial municipalities across mainland China between 11 December 2019 and 31 January 2020. We analysed the composite end-points, which consisted of admission to an intensive care unit, invasive ventilation or death. The risk of reaching the composite end-points was compared according to the presence and number of comorbidities. RESULTS: The mean age was 48.9 years and 686 (42.7%) patients were female. Severe cases accounted for 16.0% of the study population. 131 (8.2%) patients reached the composite end-points. 399 (25.1%) reported having at least one comorbidity. The most prevalent comorbidity was hypertension (16.9%), followed by diabetes (8.2%). 130 (8.2%) patients reported having two or more comorbidities. After adjusting for age and smoking status, COPD (HR (95% CI) 2.681 (1.424-5.048)), diabetes (1.59 (1.03-2.45)), hypertension (1.58 (1.07-2.32)) and malignancy (3.50 (1.60-7.64)) were risk factors of reaching the composite end-points. The hazard ratio (95% CI) was 1.79 (1.16-2.77) among patients with at least one comorbidity and 2.59 (1.61-4.17) among patients with two or more comorbidities. CONCLUSION: Among laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19, patients with any comorbidity yielded poorer clinical outcomes than those without. A greater number of comorbidities also correlated with poorer clinical outcomes.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 treated in Hubei (epicentre) and outside Hubei (non-epicentre): a nationwide analysis of China.

BACKGROUND: During the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), consistent and considerable differences in disease severity and mortality rate of patients treated in Hubei province compared to those in other parts of China have been observed. We sought to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients being treated inside and outside Hubei province, and explore the factors underlying these differences. METHODS: Collaborating with the National Health Commission, we established a retrospective cohort to study hospitalised COVID-19 cases in China. Clinical characteristics, the rate of severe events and deaths, and the time to critical illness (invasive ventilation or intensive care unit admission or death) were compared between patients within and outside Hubei. The impact of Wuhan-related exposure (a presumed key factor that drove the severe situation in Hubei, as Wuhan is the epicentre as well the administrative centre of Hubei province) and the duration between symptom onset and admission on prognosis were also determined. RESULTS: At the data cut-off (31 January 2020), 1590 cases from 575 hospitals in 31 provincial administrative regions were collected (core cohort). The overall rate of severe cases and mortality was 16.0% and 3.2%, respectively. Patients in Hubei (predominantly with Wuhan-related exposure, 597 (92.3%) out of 647) were older (mean age 49.7 versus 44.9 years), had more cases with comorbidity (32.9% versus 19.7%), higher symptomatic burden, abnormal radiologic manifestations and, especially, a longer waiting time between symptom onset and admission (5.7 versus 4.5 days) compared with patients outside Hubei. Patients in Hubei (severe event rate 23.0% versus 11.1%, death rate 7.3% versus 0.3%, HR (95% CI) for critical illness 1.59 (1.05-2.41)) have a poorer prognosis compared with patients outside Hubei after adjusting for age and comorbidity. However, among patients outside Hubei, the duration from symptom onset to hospitalisation (mean 4.4 versus 4.7 days) and prognosis (HR (95%) 0.84 (0.40-1.80)) were similar between patients with or without Wuhan-related exposure. In the overall population, the waiting time, but neither treated in Hubei nor Wuhan-related exposure, remained an independent prognostic factor (HR (95%) 1.05 (1.01-1.08)). CONCLUSION: There were more severe cases and poorer outcomes for COVID-19 patients treated in Hubei, which might be attributed to the prolonged duration of symptom onset to hospitalisation in the epicentre. Future studies to determine the reason for delaying hospitalisation are warranted.

Carcinosarcoma of the deep lobe of the parotid gland in the parapharyngeal region: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Salivary carcinosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor containing both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal constituents. This article reports a rare case of carcinosarcoma with salivary duct carcinoma and osteosarcoma as the tumor components. The clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis are discussed in conjunction with the literature. CASE SUMMARY: A 48-year-old man presented with a complaint of a mass in the right parotid region. Osteosarcoma was first considered for assessment by fine-needle aspiration cytology. Physical examination revealed a mass measuring approximately 4 cm × 3.5 cm × 3 cm. The mass, the whole lobe of the right parotid gland, and the right mandible were completely removed during surgery. Postoperative histopathology confirmed carcinosarcoma of the salivary gland. CONCLUSION: A definite diagnosis of salivary gland carcinosarcoma can only be obtained after complete surgical resection.

[Design and application of a new type of fascia stretching cup].

In order to comprehensively stretch human fascia, adjust the biomechanical balance of fascia system and promote the recovery of physiological function of fascia, a new type of fascia stretching cup is designed. This design is composed of two or more silica gel cups and elastic stretching belts between cups. The bottom surface of the silica gel cup has an annular exhaust groove, which can increase the adsorption capacity of the cup to the skin. In the meanwhile, a removable magnet is placed in the groove at the top of each silica gel cup to assist analgesia. This design is suitable for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic tendon and bone diseases with imbalance of meridians and tendons.

Expression of Ki-67, Cyclin D1, P53, and P16 in patients with oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancerization with spicy diet in Chengdu.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the expression of Ki-67, Cyclin D1, P53, and P16 in patients with oral leukoplakia (OLK) and OLK cancerization who have aspicy diet in Chengdu. METHODS: Thirtypatients with OLK andspicy diet and 15 patients with OLK without spicy diet in Chengdu were divided into three groups: hyperplastic OLK (OLK-), OLK with mild to moderate dysplasia (OLK+), and severe dysplastic  OLK or oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) transforming from OLK (OLK++/OSCC). The expression of Ki-67, Cyclin D1, P53, and P16 were detected by immunohistochemistry and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The expression of Ki-67 and P53 in patients with or without spicy diet in the OLK+and OLK++/OSCC groups were stronger than that of the OLK- group (P<0.05). The OLK++/OSCC group showed a higher expression of Cyclin D1 and lower expression of P16 than the OLK- group (P<0.05). The expression of Ki-67, Cyclin D1, P53, and P16 in patients with spicy diet and without spicy diet had no substantial difference. The expression of Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 showed a positive correlation (r=0.439, P=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Spicy diet did not have an influence on the expression of Ki-67, Cyclin D1, P53, and P16 in patients with OLK and OSCC. The expression of Ki-67, Cyclin D1, and P53 increased with the development of OLK, whereas P16 showed opposite expression trend.

[A measurement of spontaneous magnetic field by satellites structures of harmonic spectrum].

The satellites structures of doubling harmonic spectrum and tripling harmonic spectrum were measured at the reflection direction of laser wave from the front side of targets, employing OMA optical multi-channel spectrometer during the interactions of femtosecond laser with solid targets. The satellites structures of red-shift harmonic spectrum of 2omega0 and 3omega0 were observed. Under the intensity of approximately 10(18) W x cm(-2), the result of measurement indicates that the spontaneous magnetic field was all less than 1 MGs level by analyzing the satellites structures of doubling harmonic spectrum and tripling harmonic spectrum during the laser-plasma interaction. With increasing the intensity of the laser pulse, the peak of the red-shift moves further to the long wavelength side causing the broadening of the spectrum. The measurements of the spontaneous magnetic field provide a basis of diagnosing the movement of the critical surface in the laser-plasma interaction process.

[A measurement of optical emission from the rear surface with solid targets irradiated by ultrashort pulse laser].

The integrated image spectrum and scattering light spectrum of optical emission at normal direction from rear-side of a metallic foil were measured, employing optical CCD camera and OMA optical multi-channel spectrometer. The integrated image spectrum shows that it presents a ring-shape, and in the near margin of the ring-shape a bright localized signal is shown, which is optical transition radiation (OTR) generated by hot electrons transport through solid targets. The scattering spectrum shows that it presents a series of nonperiodic sharp spikes between 300-500 nm, and the sharp spike is ascribed to the coherent transition radiation (CTR) generated by bunches of hot electron beams generated in v x B acceleration mechanism near 400 nm (2 omega). The intensity of transition radiation decreases with the increase of the target thickness.

Lack of association of angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism with breast cancer: An update meta-analysis based on 10405 subjects.

OBJECTIVE: Previous case-control studies on the relation between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and breast cancer did not reach the same conclusion. In the present study, we aimed to further evaluate the relationship between the ACE gene I/D polymorphism and breast cancer. METHODS: We selected 13 case-control studies related to ACE gene I/D polymorphism and breast cancer by searching PubMed, EMBase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese CNKI, and Wanfang database. To test the heterogeneity between each study, we utilized the Q-test and I(2) test. To merge the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), we utilized the random effects model during the analyses. RESULTS: The present study included 1997 patients with breast cancer and 8404 cancer-free control subjects. By meta-analysis, we did not find any association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with breast cancer in different model (DD vs (ID+II): OR=1.28, 95% CI (0.90-1.81), p=0.16; II vs (ID+DD): OR=0.99, 95% CI (0.81-1.21), p=0.93; D allele vs I allele: OR=1.15, 95% CI (0.94-1.41), p=0.18). CONCLUSION: We concluded that ACE gene I/D polymorphism was not associated with breast cancer.