Enabling High Loading in Single-Atom Catalysts on Bare Substrate with Chemical Scissors by Saturating the Anchoring Sites.

Atomically dispersed metal catalysts often exhibit high catalytic performances, but the metal loading density must be kept low to avoid the formation of metal nanoparticles, making it difficult to improve the overall activity. Diverse strategies based on creating more anchoring sites (ASs) have been adopted to elevate the loading density. One problem of such traditional methods is that the single atoms always gather together before the saturation of all ASs. Here, a chemical scissors strategy is developed by selectively removing unwanted metallic materials after excessive loading. Different from traditional ways, the chemical scissors strategy places more emphasis on the accurate matching between the strength of etching agent and the bond energies of metal-metal/metal-substrate, thus enabling a higher loading up to 2.02 wt% even on bare substrate without any pre-treatment (the bare substrate without any pre-treatment generally only has a few ASs for single atom loading). It can be inferred that by combining with other traditional methods which can create more ASs, the loading could be further increased by saturating ASs. When used for CH3 OH generation via photocatalytic CO2 reduction, the as-made single-atom catalyst exhibits impressive catalytic activity of 597.8 ± 144.6 µmol h-1 g-1 and selectivity of 81.3 ± 3.8%.

Controllable Cu0 -Cu+ Sites for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide.

Cu-based electrocatalysts facilitate CO2 electrochemical reduction (CO2 ER) to produce multi-carbon products. However, the roles of Cu0 and Cu+ and the mechanistic understanding remain elusive. This paper describes the controllable construction of Cu0 -Cu+ sites derived from the well-dispersed cupric oxide particles supported on copper phyllosilicate lamella to enhance CO2 ER performance. 20 % Cu/CuSiO3 shows the superior CO2 ER performance with 51.8 % C2 H4 Faraday efficiency at -1.1 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode during the 6 hour test. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectra and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to elucidate the reaction mechanism. The enhancement in CO2 ER activity is mainly attributed to the synergism of Cu0 -Cu+ pairs: Cu0 activates CO2 and facilitates the following electron transfers; Cu+ strengthens *CO adsorption to further boost C-C coupling. We provide a strategy to rationally design Cu-based catalysts with viable valence states to boost CO2 ER.

Grain-Boundary-Rich Copper for Efficient Solar-Driven Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Ethylene and Ethanol.

The grain boundary in copper-based electrocatalysts has been demonstrated to improve the selectivity of solar-driven electrochemical CO2 reduction toward multicarbon products. However, the approach to form grain boundaries in copper is still limited. This paper describes a controllable grain growth of copper electrodeposition via poly(vinylpyrrolidone) used as an additive. A grain-boundary-rich metallic copper could be obtained to convert CO2 into ethylene and ethanol with a high selectivity of 70% over a wide potential range. In situ attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy unveils that the existence of grain boundaries enhances the adsorption of the key intermediate (*CO) on the copper surface to boost the further CO2 reduction. When coupling with a commercially available Si solar cell, the device achieves a remarkable solar-to-C2-products conversion efficiency of 3.88% at a large current density of 52 mA·cm-2. This low-cost and efficient device is promising for large-scale application of solar-driven CO2 reduction.

Rational design of yolk-shell nanostructures for photocatalysis.

Photocatalysis is a promising route to convert solar energy into chemical energy directly, providing an alternative solution to environment and natural resource problems. Theoretically, all photocatalytic reactions are driven by charge carriers whose behavior can be divided into charge generation, separation, migration and surface reactions. Efficiencies of charge utilization in every step determine the overall performance of photocatalysis. Yolk-shell (YS) structures can provide an ideal platform for the efficient utilization of charge carriers. Typically, a YS structure is constructed from a hollow shell and an inner core, which can enhance light scattering in the hollow space and provide a large surface to create sufficient active sites, both of which can significantly improve the efficacy of charge utilization. Additionally, many strategies can be adopted to modify the YS structure for further enhancement of charge behaviors in every step. Existing reviews about YS structures mainly concentrate on the universality of the application of YSs, while the strategies to improve photocatalytic performance based on YSs have not been elaborately illustrated. This review describes the classification, synthesis, formation mechanism of YS structures and the rational regulation of the behaviors of photogenerated charge carriers, aiming at their effective utilization based on YS structures in heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions.

Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction on Neighboring Zn/Co Monomers by Electronic Effect.

It is of great significance to reveal the detailed mechanism of neighboring effects between monomers, as they could not only affect the intermediate bonding but also change the reaction pathway. This paper describes the electronic effect between neighboring Zn/Co monomers effectively promoting CO2 electroreduction to CO. Zn and Co atoms coordinated on N doped carbon (ZnCoNC) show a CO faradaic efficiency of 93.2 % at -0.5 V versus RHE during a 30-hours test. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements (EXAFS) indicated no direct metal-metal bonding and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) showed the electronic effect between Zn/Co monomers. In situ attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations further revealed that the electronic effect between Zn/Co enhanced the *COOH intermediate bonding on Zn sites and thus promoted CO production. This work could act as a promising way to reveal the mechanism of neighboring monomers and to influence catalysis.

Ultrathin Pd-Au Shells with Controllable Alloying Degree on Pd Nanocubes toward Carbon Dioxide Reduction.

Electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2ER) to reusable carbon resources is a significant step to balance the carbon cycle. This Communication describes a seed-mediated growth method to synthesize ultrathin Pd-Au alloy nanoshells with controllable alloying degree on Pd nanocubes. Specifically, Pd@Pd3Au7 nanocrystals (NCs) show superior CO2ER performance, with a 94% CO faraday efficiency (FE) at -0.5 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode and approaching 100% CO FE from -0.6 to -0.9 V. The enhancement primarily originates from ensemble and ligand effects, i.e., appropriately proportional Pd-Au sites and electronic back-donation from Au to Pd. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectra and density functional theory calculations clarify the reaction mechanism. This work may offer a general strategy for the synthesis of bimetallic NCs to explore the structure-activity relationship in catalytic reactions.

Three-Phase Photocatalysis for the Enhanced Selectivity and Activity of CO2 Reduction on a Hydrophobic Surface.

The photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) represents a promising route for the clean utilization of stranded renewable resources, but poor selectivity resulting from the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in aqueous solution limits its practical applicability. In the present contribution a photocatalyst with hydrophobic surfaces was fabricated. It facilitates an efficient three-phase contact of CO2 (gas), H2 O (liquid), and catalyst (solid). Thus, concentrated CO2 molecules in the gas phase contact the catalyst surface directly, and can overcome the mass-transfer limitations of CO2 , inhibit the HER because of lowering proton contacts, and overall enhance the CRR. Even when loaded with platinum nanoparticles, one of the most efficient HER promotion cocatalysts, the three-phase photocatalyst maintains a selectivity of 87.9 %. Overall, three-phase photocatalysis provides a general and reliable method to enhance the competitiveness of the CRR.

Morphological and Compositional Design of Pd-Cu Bimetallic Nanocatalysts with Controllable Product Selectivity toward CO2 Electroreduction.

Electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide) to value-added products is a promising way to solve CO2 emission problems. This paper describes a facile one-pot approach to synthesize palladium-copper (Pd-Cu) bimetallic catalysts with different structures. Highly efficient performance and tunable product distributions are achieved due to a coordinative function of both enriched low-coordinated sites and composition effects. The concave rhombic dodecahedral Cu3 Pd (CRD-Cu3 Pd) decreases the onset potential for methane (CH4 ) by 200 mV and shows a sevenfold CH4 current density at -1.2 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) compared to Cu foil. The flower-like Pd3 Cu (FL-Pd3 Cu) exhibits high faradaic efficiency toward CO in a wide potential range from -0.7 to -1.3 V, and reaches a fourfold CO current density at -1.3 V compared to commercial Pd black. Tafel plots and density functional theory calculations suggest that both the introduction of high-index facets and alloying contribute to the enhanced CH4 current of CRD-Cu3 Pd, while the alloy effect is responsible for high CO selectivity of FL-Pd3 Cu.

Low-Coordinated Edge Sites on Ultrathin Palladium Nanosheets Boost Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction Performance.

Electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to value-added products is a possible way to decrease the problems resulting from CO2 emission. Thanks to the eminent conductivity and proper adsorption to intermediates, Pd has become a promising candidate for CO2 electroreduction (CO2 ER). However, Pd-based nanocatalysts generally need a large overpotential. Herein we describe that ultrathin Pd nanosheets effectively reduce the onset potential for CO by exposing abundant atoms with comparatively low generalized coordination number. Hexagonal Pd nanosheets with 5 atomic thickness and 5.1 nm edge length reached CO faradaic efficiency of 94 % at -0.5 V, without any decay after a stability test of 8 h. It appears to be the most efficient among all of Pd-based catalysts toward CO2 ER. Uniform hexagonal morphology made it reasonable to build models and take DFT calculations. The enhanced activity originates from mainly edge sites on palladium nanosheets.

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from Chitin Nanogels and Their Drug Release Response to Stimulation.

In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized in situ using chitin nanogels (CNGs) as templates to prepare composites (CNGs@AuNPs) with good photothermal properties, wherein their drug release properties in response to stimulation by near-infrared (NIR) light were investigated. AuNPs with particle sizes ranging from 2.5 nm to 90 nm were prepared by varying the reaction temperature and chloroauric acid concentration. The photothermal effect of different materials was probed by near-infrared light. Under 1 mg/mL of chloroauric acid at 120 °C, the prepared CNGs@AuNPs could increase the temperature by 32 °C within 10 min at a power of 2 W/cm2. The Adriamycin hydrochloride (DOX) was loaded into the CNGs@AuNPs to investigate their release behaviors under different pH values, temperatures, and near-infrared light stimulations. The results showed that CNGs@AuNPs were pH- and temperature-responsive, suggesting that low pH and high temperature could promote drug release. In addition, NIR light stimulation accelerated the drug release. Cellular experiments confirmed the synergistic effect of DOX-loaded CNGs@AuNPs on chemotherapy and photothermal therapy under NIR radiation.

Enhancing the Thermoelectric Properties of Conjugated Polymers by Suppressing Dopant-Induced Disorder.

Doping is a crucial strategy to enhance the performance of various organic electronic devices. However, in many cases, the random distribution of dopants in conjugated polymers leads to the disruption of the polymer microstructure, severely constraining the achievable performance of electronic devices. Here, it is shown that by ion-exchange doping polythiophene-based P[(3HT)1-x-stat-(T)x] (x = 0 (P1), 0.12 (P2), 0.24 (P3), and 0.36 (P4)), remarkably high electrical conductivity of >400 S cm-1 and power factor of >16 µW m-1 K-2 are achieved for the random copolymer P3, ranking it among highest ever reported for unaligned P3HT-based films, significantly higher than that of P1 (<40 S cm-1, <4 µW m-1 K-2). Although both polymers exhibit comparable field-effect transistor hole mobilities of ≈0.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 in the pristine state, after doping, Hall effect measurements indicate that P3 exhibits a large Hall mobility up to 1.2 cm2 V-1 s-1, significantly outperforming that of P1 (0.06 cm2 V-1 s-1). GIWAXS measurement determines that the in-plane π-π stacking distance of doped P3 is 3.44 Å, distinctly shorter than that of doped P1 (3.68 Å). These findings contribute to resolving the long-standing dopant-induced-disorder issues in P3HT and serve as an example for achieving fast charge transport in highly doped polymers for efficient electronics.

Strong mitonuclear discordance in the phylogeny of Neodermata and evolutionary rates of Polyopisthocotylea.

The genomic evolution of Polyopisthocotylea remains poorly understood in comparison to the remaining three classes of Neodermata: Monopisthocotylea, Cestoda, and Trematoda. Moreover, the evolutionary sequence of major events in the phylogeny of Neodermata remains unresolved. Herein we sequenced the mitogenome and transcriptome of the polyopisthocotylean Diplorchis sp., and conducted comparative evolutionary analyses using nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) genomic datasets of Neodermata. We found strong mitonuclear discordance in the phylogeny of Neodermata. Polyopisthocotylea exhibited striking mitonuclear discordance in relative evolutionary rates: the fastest-evolving mtDNA in Neodermata and a comparatively slowly-evolving nDNA genome. This was largely attributable to its very long stem branch in mtDNA topologies, not exhibited by the nDNA data. We found indications that the fast evolution of mitochondrial genomes of Polyopisthocotylea may be driven both by relaxed purifying selection pressures and elevated levels of directional selection. We identified mitochondria-associated genes encoded in the nuclear genome: they exhibited unique evolutionary rates, but not correlated with the evolutionary rate of mtDNA, and there is no evidence for compensatory evolution (they evolved slower than the rest of the genome). Finally, there appears to exist an exceptionally large (≈6.3 kb) nuclear mitochondrial DNA segment (numt) in the nuclear genome of newly sequenced Diplorchis sp. A 3'-end segment of the 16S rRNA gene encoded by the numt was expressed, suggesting that this gene acquired novel, regulatory functions after the transposition to the nuclear genome. In conclusion, Polyopisthocotylea appears to be the lineage with the fastest-evolving mtDNA sequences among all of Bilateria, but most of the substitutions were accumulated deep in the evolutionary history of this lineage. As the nuclear genome does not exhibit a similar pattern, the circumstances underpinning this evolutionary phenomenon remain a mystery.

Enhancing the Conductivity and Thermoelectric Performance of Semicrystalline Conducting Polymers through Controlled Tie Chain Incorporation.

Conjugated polymers are promising materials for thermoelectric applications, however, at present few effective and well-understood strategies exist to further advance their thermoelectric performance. Here a new model system is reported for a better understanding of the key factors governing their thermoelectric properties: aligned, ribbon-phase poly[2,5-bis(3-dodecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene] (PBTTT) doped by ion-exchange doping. Using a range of microstructural and spectroscopic methods, the effect of controlled incorporation of tie-chains between the crystalline domains is studied through blending of high and low molecular weight chains. The tie chains provide efficient transport pathways between crystalline domains and lead to significantly enhanced electrical conductivity of 4810 S cm-1, which is not accompanied by a reduction in Seebeck coefficient or a large increase in thermal conductivity. Respectable power factors of 173 µW m-1 K-2 are demonstrated in this model system. The approach is generally applicable to a wide range of semicrystalline conjugated polymers and could provide an effective pathway for further enhancing their thermoelectric properties and overcome traditional trade-offs in optimization of thermoelectric performance.

[HPLC fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition method for Cichorium intybus and C. glandulosum].

OBJECTIVE: To establish fingerprint analysis method by HPLC for the quality control of Cichorium intybus and effective identification of C. intybus and C. glandulosum. METHOD: The software "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCMs" (Version 2004A) was employed to generate the mean chromatogram and carry out the similarity analysis of the samples. Cluster analysis was adopted in combination with principal component analysis to study seventeen chicory's characteristic common peaks and to differentiate the two chicory resources. RESULT: The fingerprint of C. intybus and C. glandulosum has been set up, and the range of similarity for seventeen chicory samples was 0. 847-0. 988. The difference among chromatographic fingerprints of chicory samples between the two different varieties was identified by cluster analysis and principal component analysis. CONCLUSION: The method can be used to evaluate the quality of C. intybus and identify C. intybus and C. glandulosum conveniently.

Controlled-Release Materials for Remediation of Trichloroethylene Contamination in Groundwater.

Groundwater contamination by trichloroethylene (TCE) presents a pressing environmental challenge with far-reaching consequences. Traditional remediation methods have shown limitations in effectively addressing TCE contamination. This study reviews the limitations of conventional remediation techniques and investigates the application of oxidant-based controlled-release materials, including encapsulated, loaded, and gel-based potassium permanganate since the year 2000. Additionally, it examines reductant controlled-release materials and electron donor-release materials such as tetrabutyl orthosilicate (TBOS) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). The findings suggest that controlled-release materials offer a promising avenue for enhancing TCE degradation and promoting groundwater restoration. This study concludes by highlighting the future research directions and the potential of controlled-release materials in addressing TCE contamination challenges.

Prediction of Crack Width in RC Piles Exposed to Local Corrosion in Chloride Environment.

A novel prediction model for crack development of reinforced concrete (RC) piles with localized chloride corrosion in the marine environment is proposed. A discrete method is used to solve the corrosion pit radius model and a crack extension model is developed to investigate the initiation and extension of cracks. The maximum corrosion degree of the reinforced concrete pile is predicted according to the limit crack criterion, and finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out on the important parameters of crack extension. The results show that the radius of the corrosion pit, the depth corrosion pit, and the cross-sectional area loss of reinforcement gradually increase as the corrosion level increases. The loss of the local reinforcement section at crack initiation increases with the increase in the ratio of concrete cover to initial diameter and increases with the increase in the pitting factor. The required pit depth for reinforcement cracking increases with the increase in the ratio of concrete cover thickness to diameter. The loss of the cross-sectional area of reinforcement and the radius of the corrosion pit increase with the increase in the initial diameter of reinforcement. Increasing the pitting factor can reduce the pit depth and make the crack width develop faster before reaching the limit crack width. Increasing the concrete cover thickness can provide an improvement in the propagation of cracks. A comparative analysis shows that the localized corrosion pattern is more in conformity with marine engineering practice.

Characterization of Hot Deformation of near Alpha Titanium Alloy Prepared by TiH2-Based Powder Metallurgy.

TiH2-basd powder metallurgy (PM) is one of the effective ways to prepared high temperature titanium alloy. To study the thermomechanical behavior of near-α titanium alloy and proper design of hot forming, isothermal compression test of TiH2-based PM near-α type Ti-5.05Al-3.69Zr-1.96Sn-0.32Mo-0.29Si (Ti-1100) alloy was performed at temperatures of 1123-1323 K, strain rates of 0.01-1 s-1, and maximum deformation degree of 60%. The hot deformation characteristics of alloy were analyzed by strain hardening exponent (n), strain rate sensitivity (m), and processing map, along with microstructure observation. The flow stress revealed that the difference in softening/hardening behavior at temperature of 1273-1323 K and the strain rate of 1 s-1 compared to the lower deformation temperature and strain rate. The strain hardening exponents at temperatures of 1123 K are all negative under all strain rates, and the most severe flow softening with minimum value of n was observed at 1123 K and 1 s-1. The strain rate sensitives showed that the peak region with m value greater than 0.5 generally appeared in the high temperature range of 1273-1323 K, while strain rate sensitivity at low temperature behaved differently with strain rates. The processing map developed for strain of 0.6 exhibited high power dissipation efficiency at high temperatures of 1273-1323 K and a low strain rate of 0.01 s-1, due to microstructure evolution of ß phase. The decrease of strain rate at 1323 K resulted in the formation of globularization of α lamellae. The instability domain of flow behavior was identified in the temperature range of 1123-1173 K and at the strain rate higher than 0.01 s-1 reflecting the localized plastic flow and adiabatic shear banding, and inhomogenous microstructure. The variation of power dissipation energy (η) slope with strain demonstrated that the power dissipation mechanism during hot deformation has been changed from temperature-dependent to microstructure-dependent with the increase of temperature for the alloy deformed at 0.1 s-1. Eventually, the optimum processing range to deform the material is at 1273-1323 K and a strain rate range of 0.01-0.165 s-1 (lnε˙ = -4.6--1.8).

A phase 1 study of KH902, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor decoy, for exudative age-related macular degeneration.

PURPOSE: To determine the safety, tolerability, and bioactivity of KH902, a fully human fusion protein containing key domains from vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 with human immunoglobulin Fc. DESIGN: Prospective, single-center, open-label, dose-escalating, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) resulting from exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with lesion size of 12 disc areas or less and best-corrected visual acuity (VA) of 55 letters or worse. METHODS: A single intravitreal injection of KH902 at 1 of 6 escalating doses if no dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred through postinjection day 14 of the previous dose level. Follow-up examinations were performed on postinjection days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, and 42. The primary end point was at 42 days, and patients were monitored for an additional 6 weeks (12 weeks total). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary safety measures were changes from baseline in VA, intraocular pressure (IOP), intraocular inflammation, and production of anti-KH902 antibody. Dose-limiting toxicity was defined as intraocular inflammation, elevated IOP, significantly reduced vision, or retinal hemorrhage within 42 days after injection. Bioactivity measures included mean change from baseline in VA, central retinal thickness, and total macular volume on optical coherence tomography and CNV changes on fluorescein angiography. RESULTS: All patients completed the study with no DLT and no serious or drug-related adverse events. Ocular adverse events were mild to moderate in severity, including transient IOP elevation and injection-site subconjunctival hemorrhage after KH902 injections. No serum anti-KH902 antibodies were detected. On day 42 after injection, the mean change in VA from baseline was +19.6 letters with no subjects losing 1 letter or more and 57% of patients gaining 15 letters or more from baseline. The mean change in center point thickness from baseline was -77.2 µm and the mean decrease in CNV area was 12.6%. CONCLUSIONS: No safety concerns were detected after a single, intravitreal injection of KH902 up to 3.0 mg in this phase 1 study. Bioactivity of KH902 was suggested with improvements in VA, reduction in central retinal thickness, and a decrease in CVN area in patients with CNV resulting from exudative AMD, indicating that further study is warranted.

miR-4486 reverses cisplatin-resistance of colon cancer cells via targeting ATG7 to inhibiting autophagy.

Cisplatin (DDP) resistance is one of the main causes of treatment failure in patients with colon cancer (CC). Autophagy is a key mechanism of resistance to chemotherapy. Since autophagy-related 7 (ATG7) has been reported to be involved in the regulation of autophagy and DDP resistance for lung and esophageal cancer, the present study aimed to explore the functions of microRNA (miR)-4486 in the autophagy-mediated DDP resistance of CC. The expression level of miR-4486 in HCT116, DDP-resistant HCT116 cells (HCT116/DDP), SW480 and DDP-resistant SW480 cells (SW480/DDP) was quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Western blotting was utilized to analyze the expression of ATG7, autophagy-related proteins Beclin 1 and LC3-I/II, as well as apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved-caspase 3 in HCT116/DDP and SW480/DDP cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of DDP on all cell lines and the cell viability of HCT116/DDP and SW480/DDP cells were measured using Cell Counting Kit 8 assay. Luciferase assay was used to examine the potential targets of miR-4486 and ATG7. The effects of upregulating mimic miR-4486 expression on the apoptosis and autophagy of HCT116/DDP and SW480/DDP cells were determined by flow cytometry and electron microscopy, respectively. It was found that miR-4486 expression was significantly decreased in HCT116/DDP and SW480/DDP cells compared with that in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Overexpression of miR-4486 could increase the sensitivity of HCT116/DDP and SW480/DDP cells to DDP by reducing cell viability, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting autophagy through downregulating Beclin 1 expression and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio. Additionally, ATG7 was identified to be a target gene of miR-4486, where ATG7 overexpression could partially reverse the effects of miR-4486 on cell viability and apoptosis by promoting the formation of autophagosomes. In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that miR-4486 could reverse DDP resistance in HCT116/DDP and SW480/DDP cells by targeting ATG7 to inhibit autophagy.

Development and physicochemical characterization of chitosan hydrochloride/sulfobutyl ether-ß-cyclodextrin nanoparticles for cinnamaldehyde entrapment.

In this work, the cinnamaldehyde (CA) loaded nanoparticles were synthesized by directly cross-linking chitosan hydrochloride (CSH) and sulfobutyl ether-ß-cyclodextrin (SBE-ß-CD). The CA/SBE-ß-CD inclusion complex was firstly prepared, and its highest encapsulation efficiency (EE) was 86.34%. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope results indicated that the inclusion complex showed massive aggregates with a coarse and fluffy texture and irregular surface. Then, the inclusion complex interacted with CSH to form nanoparticles. The EE of CA in nanoparticles was improved. Atomic force microscopy showed the nanoparticles had regular and spherical morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that CA was mainly encapsulated in the inner place of CSH/SBE-ß-CD nanoparticles (CSNs). The enhanced thermal stability of the nanoparticles was found in differential scanning calorimeter. X-ray diffraction implied that CA-CSNs existed in the amorphous state. CA-CSNs had excellent slow release property. Further, the bacteriostatic effect of CA-CSNs was much better than that of CA and CSNs. All the results indicated that CSNs can be used as a promising carrier to encapsulate CA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: CA is an effective antimicrobial and generally recognized as Safe-GRAS. CA also exhibits many other bioactivities and has been commonly used for digestive, cardiovascular and immune system diseases. However, CA is easy to be oxidized and volatilized during storage for poor water solubility. The nanoencapsulations display the capacities of enhancing solubility of bioactive compounds, protecting them from degradation, and prolonging their residence. In this manuscript, CA loaded nanoparticles were investigated. The results suggested that the nanoencapsulation could benefit for improving water solubility and stability of CA. This strategy could be helpful for its application and development in food preservation.