Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and risk of esophagogastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been found to be strongly linked to several diseases. Although previous studies have explored the association between MAFLD and extrahepatic cancers, research on the relationship between MAFLD and gastric carcinoma (GC) and esophageal carcinoma (EC) is relatively scarce and requires updating. Therefore, the objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the association between MAFLD and GC or EC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant studies published up to 5 August 2022, using the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases. To estimate the risk ratio (RR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI), we employed a random-effects model. We also conducted subgroup analyses based on study characteristics. The protocol for this systematic review is registered in the Prospero database under the registration number CRD42022351574. RESULTS: Our analysis included eight eligible studies, comprising a total of 8 629 525 participants. We found that the pooled RR values for the risk of GC in patients with MAFLD were 1.49 (95%CI: 1.17-1.91), whereas the pooled RR values for the risk of EC in patients with MAFLD were 1.76 (95%CI: 1.34-2.32). CONCLUSIONS: Based on our meta-analysis, we conclude that there is a significant association between the presence of MAFLD and the development of GC and EC.

The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Pancreatic Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

A growing body of evidence suggests that bariatric surgery is associated with a reduced risk of some cancers. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether bariatric surgery affects pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Fixed-effect models were used to estimate pooled data and presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test and I2 test. A total of 9 cohort studies involving 1,147,473 patients were included in the analysis. The pooled OR was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.64-0.90). The Cochran Q test and I2 test indicated only mild heterogeneity (P = 0.12, I2 = 38%). In the subgroup analyses, the pooled OR was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.54-0.82) for North America. In the subgroup analyses by mean follow-up time, the pooled OR was 0.46 (95% CI = 0.28-0.74) for less than 5 years. In conclusion, bariatric surgery has a positive effect on pancreatic cancer reduction, especially in North America. This effect may diminish or disappear with time.