RESUMO
Objective: To analyze the PET/CT imaging features of fluoride 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in patients with various types of Parkinson's syndrome (PS), and to establish a "diagnostic tree" model of 18F-FDG PET/CT for PS. Methods: Data of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), patients with multiple system atrophy cerebellar type (MSA-C), and patients with multiple system atrophy Parkinson's type (MSA-P)admitted to the Neurology Department of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from January 2019 to December 2021. 18F-FDG PET/CT examination was conducted in all patients. Clinical and follow-up data was collected to determine clinical diagnosis. The specific patterns of brain glucose metabolism in patients with various types of Parkinsonism were observed and their utility in the differential diagnosis of the disease was analyzed. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging"diagnostic tree"model was established and its value in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism was verified. Results: A total of 320 patients, 187 males and 133 females, aged (62±9) years, were enrolled in our study, including 80 PD, 90 PSP, 114 MSA-C and 36 MSA-P patients. The differential diagnostic features of cerebral glucose metabolism of Parkinsonism were as follows: the metabolism of putamen increased in PD patients, the metabolism of caudate nucleus, thalamus, midbrain, and frontal lobe decreased in PSP patients, the metabolism of cerebellum decreased in MSA-C patients, and the metabolism of putamen and cerebellum decreased in MSA-P patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the"diagnostic tree"model are 88.75% and 91.25% for PD diagnosis, 54.44% and 96.96% for PSP diagnosis, 87.72% and 86.41% for MSA-C diagnosis, and 55.56% and 91.55% for MSA-P diagnosis, respectively. It could correctly classify 75%(240/320) of patients. Conclusions: Characteristic metabolism patterns of brain in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is significant for the differential diagnosis of PD, PSP, MSA-C and MSA-P. The"diagnostic tree"model is valuable for clinical diagnosis.
Assuntos
Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas , Doença de Parkinson , Transtornos Parkinsonianos , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico por imagem , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada , Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas/metabolismo , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/metabolismo , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMO
Objective: To evaluate the learning curve of the "Double Grooves-Double Rings" (DGDR) technique of transurethral Thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by a single surgeon. From June 2021 to July 2022, 84 patients mean age (69.0±8.0) years,preoperative prostate volume (90.9±40.3)ml with BPH underwent ThuLEP in the Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital.Performed by a single surgeon who had no experience of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and any laser surgeries. The case scatter plots with the best fitting line were drawn to analyze the learning curve. According to the date of the surgeries, the patients were equally divided into three learning stages (28 patients for each group). The T-PSA,prostate volume,operative time,enucleation time, enucleation efficiency,catheter indwelling time, hemoglobin drop and perioperative complications (including re-TURP, blood transfusion, stress incontinence≥3 months and urethral stricture) were compared among the groups. The learning curve was divided into three stages, and the cutting point was shown on the 14th case. Except the prostate volume [stage1 (75.7±30.7) ml, stage2 (93.40±39.6)ml, stage3 (103.5±46.2) ml, P<0.05], there was no significant difference of the baseline data between three groups (P>0.05). Compared with those of stage 1(100.6±24.7) min,(0.55±0.22) g/min, a statistically significant improvement was observed in both of the operative time and the enucleation efficiency among stage 2[(84.5±36.6) min, (0.87±0.33) g/min and stage 3 (71.2±26.3) min, (1.27±0.45) g/min, P<0.05]. The learning curve of the DGDR technique for ThuLEP can be divided into three stages. A ThuLEP beginner can preliminarily master this technique after completing 14 cases.
Assuntos
Terapia a Laser , Lasers de Estado Sólido , Hiperplasia Prostática , Cirurgiões , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lasers , Curva de Aprendizado , Próstata , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirurgia , Túlio , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIM: To investigate computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and combined 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT features of pancreatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hospital database was searched retrospectively for the patients with PSC confirmed at histopathology after surgery. Ten patients who underwent unenhanced and enhanced CT (n=4), unenhanced and enhanced MRI (n=2), 18F-FDG PET/CT (n=2), and both enhanced CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT (n=2) were enrolled. Two patients underwent additional delayed PET/CT. The maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) was measured on PET/CT images. RESULTS: Eleven lesions were detected in 10 patients. Solid and cystic components (n=6), intratumoural haemorrhage (n=1), nodular calcification (n=2), main pancreatic duct dilatation resulted from lesion obstruction (n=5) or compression (n=3), cholangiectasis (n=5), vascular and peripheral organ invasion (n=5 and 6, respectively), hepatic and lymphatic metastases (n=4 and 2, respectively) were detected. All five lesions in four patients who underwent PET/CT showed intense FDG uptake on PET/CT with SUVmax (16, range 10.9-21.1). Increase of FDG uptake (SUVmax = 18.9, 20.1, and 27.3, respectively) was revealed on the delayed scan of three lesions in two patients. CONCLUSIONS: PSCs were more commonly ill-defined solid cystic masses, which caused pancreatic duct obstruction/compression without pancreatic parenchymal atrophy, and these masses on PET/CT showed high FDG uptake on both initial and delayed PET/CT.
Assuntos
Carcinossarcoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Meios de Contraste , Feminino , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of exosomal miR-1231 in plasma of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients and pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: A total of 16 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in Hunan Cancer Hospital were collected from April 2016 to August 2017. Meanwhile, 16 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group at the same period. The plasma exosomes were extracted, and the levels of miR-1231 were detected by qRT-PCR in PC and healthy control groups. Moreover, the clinicopathological significance of exosomal miR-1231 expression was analyzed. Furthermore, the expression of exosomal miR-1231 was detected in several pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, SW1990, AsPC-1 and BxPc-3) and two normal pancreatic epithelial cells (HPDE and human primary pancreatic epithelial cell). Results: qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of miR-1231 in plasma exosomes of pancreatic cancer patients (1.06±0.46) was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (2.30±0.99; P<0.05). The levels of exosomal miR-1231 in patients with stage â -â ¡ (1.515±0.531), no distant metastasis (1.236±0.461) and no lymph node metastasis (1.337±0.522) were significantly higher than those with stage â ¢-â £ (0.848±0.224), distant metastasis (0.757±0.278) and lymph node metastasis (0.838±0.261), respectively (P<0.05 for all). In addition, there were no correlation between exosomal miR-1231 expression and age, sex, smoking history, CA19-9 levels and tumor sites (P>0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of exosomal miR-1231 in pancreatic cancer cell lines (0.142±0.135) was significantly lower than that in normal epithelial cells (1.127±0.179; P<0.05). Conclusions: The downregulation of exosomal miR-1231 in plasma of pancreatic cancer patients and pancreatic cancer cells suggests that it is related to the initiation and development of PC. It may be a new diagnostic and prognostic marker for PC.
Assuntos
Exossomos/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Antígeno CA-19-9 , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Regulação para Baixo , Humanos , MicroRNAs/sangue , Pâncreas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of cephalomedullary nails for elderly intertrochanteric fractures: proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) versus zimmer natural nail (ZNN) to provide the data support for clinical perioperative management. METHODS: A retrospective study was used to analyze the clinical data of elderly intertrochanteric fractures cases which were treated with PFNA or ZNN fixation from May 2016 to May 2017. In the study, 59 cases were followed up completely, in which 28 cases accepted PFNA, and the other 31 cases accepted ZNN. The operation time, amount of bleeding, fracture healing time, postoperative complication, postoperative radiographic measurement (tip apex distance, TAD) and the last follow-up of hip function score were analyzed. RESULTS: The patients were followed up for 6 to 19 months, with an average (10.8±4.0) months. In PFNA group, the operation time was (62.7±14.2) min, the amount of bleeding was (56.8±20.6) mL, the fracture healing time was (4.6±0.8) months, the postoperative complication was 3.6%, the TAD was (17.7±5.5) mm, and the last follow-up hip function score was 91.8±3.6. In ZNN group, the operation time was (73.6±18.3) min, the amount of bleeding was (68.7±31.6) mL, the fracture healing time was (4.5±0.7) months, the postoperative complication was 3.2%, the TAD was (16.5±4.7) mm, and the last follow-up hip function score was 92.2±3.8. The two groups of comparative experiments were carried out, the operation time of the PFNA group was less than that of the ZNN group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the amount of bleeding, fracture healing time, postoperative complication, TAD, postoperative hip score between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Although group ZNN had significant longer operation time than group PFNA, both implants were useful tools in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures. The operation of PFNA was simpler,while the design of the anterior bow of ZNN might be more suitable for the patients with a large femoral anterior bow.
Assuntos
Fraturas do Fêmur , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas , Fraturas do Quadril , Idoso , Pinos Ortopédicos , Etilenoglicóis , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Photoageing is attributed to continuous sunlight or artificial ultraviolet exposure and manifests as clinical and histological changes in skin. Epigenetic changes have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of photoageing. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVES: To analyse histone modification patterns in sun-exposed and nonexposed skin, and to identify the abnormally histone-modified genes related to photoageing. METHODS: Skin biopsies were collected from both the outer forearm (sun-exposed area) and the buttock (sun-protected area) in 20 healthy middle-aged female volunteers. Global histone H3/H4 acetylation and H3K4/H3K9 methylation statuses were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression levels of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases were measured by reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with DNA microarray (ChIP-chip) assay with anti-acetyl-histone H3 antibody in a sun-exposed pool (combining six sun-exposed skin samples) and a nonexposed pool (combining six nonexposed skin samples) was conducted to explore the abnormally acetylated histone H3 genes related to photoageing; ChIP-qPCR was then used to verify the results of ChIP-chip. RESULTS: We observed higher global histone H3 acetylation levels increased EP300 and decreased HDAC1 and SIRT1 expression in sun-exposed skin compared with matched nonexposed skin. Furthermore, the ChIP-chip assay showed that 227 genes displayed significant hyperacetylation of histone H3, and 81 genes displayed significant hypoacetylation of histone H3 between the two groups. Histone H3 acetylation levels on the promoters of PDCD5, ITIH5, MMP1 and AHR were positively correlated with the mRNA expression of the corresponding gene. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic sun exposure-induced histone H3 hyperacetylation may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of skin photoageing.
Assuntos
Histonas/metabolismo , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Acetilação/efeitos da radiação , Adolescente , Adulto , Nádegas , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doença Crônica , Proteína p300 Associada a E1A/metabolismo , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Antebraço , Voluntários Saudáveis , Histona Acetiltransferases/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilase 1/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilases/metabolismo , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the differences in the pattern of striatal (caudate and putamen) dopamine transporter (DAT) loss in a multiple system atrophy (MSA) cohort, based on the clinical variants parkinsonian subtype (MSA-P) and cerebellar subtype (MSA-C) via (11)C-N-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropane (11 C-CFT) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and six subjects (forty-one patients with probable MSA-P; forty patients with probable MSA-C; twenty-five healthy controls) underwent 11 C-CFT PET. Subregional 11 C-CFT uptake of bilateral caudate, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen was calculated respectively to measure the striatal dopaminergic function. RESULTS: Significant decrease in DAT binding in striatum was revealed in patients with MSA-C and MSA-P compared to normal controls (all regions, MSA-C vs controls, P < .0001; MSA-P vs controls, P < .0001). DAT reduction was more pronounced in MSA-P patients than that in MSA-C patients (all regions, P < .0001). Eleven of forty MSA-C patients displayed no DAT loss, whereas striatal DAT loss was evident in all MSA-P patients. MSA-P subtype showed a more obvious anteroposterior gradient of DAT loss and more asymmetric dopaminergic dysfunction compared to MSA-C patients. CONCLUSION: The subtypes of MSA studied here show significantly different spatial/anatomic patterns of striatonigral degeneration which may provide insights into their disease pathophysiology. Specifically, MSA-P patients exhibit an uneven and much greater pronounced loss of dopamine innervation, while a relatively uniform pattern is revealed in patients with the MSA-C. Furthermore, the typical reduction in DAT 11 C-CFT binding in striatum is not present in all MSA-C patients, with a minority of cases showing normal DAT binding.
Assuntos
Corpo Estriado/diagnóstico por imagem , Proteínas da Membrana Plasmática de Transporte de Dopamina/análise , Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Corpo Estriado/metabolismo , Proteínas da Membrana Plasmática de Transporte de Dopamina/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas/metabolismo , Compostos RadiofarmacêuticosRESUMO
Objective: To facilitate using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system in human liver and gallbladder cancer cells, we established Cas9 stably expressed human liver and gallbladder cancer cell lines, and validated the gene editing activity of Cas9. Methods: Human liver cancer cell lines (Huh7, PLC/PRF/5, HepG2, Hep3b, SK-HEP-1 and Li-7), human cholangiocarcinoma cells (RBE) and human gallbladder cancer cells (GBC-SD) were infected with 3 Cas9-expressing lentivirus vectors (pLv-EF1α-Cas9-Flag-Neo, pLv-EF1α-Cas9-Flag-Puro, Cas9m1.1), respectively, and Cas9 stably expressed colonies were screened and selected. We extracted the genomic DNA and protein, validated the stable expression of Cas9 by using genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot. Three of cell lines were further infected with Lv-EF1α-mCherry. Then mCherry positive cells were sorted by flow cytometry and infected with designed guide RNA (gRNA) vectors which targeted mCherry gene. Subsequently the gene editing activity of Cas9 was detected by genomic PCR, fluorescence microscopic observation and flow cytometry analysis. Results: One hundred Cas9-expressing human liver and gallbladder cancer cell lines were selected. Among them, 35 cell lines expressed Cas9-Neo, 25 expressed Cas9-puro, and 40 expressed mutant Cas9 (mCas9). We also established 3 cell lines with stable expression of mCherry (Huh7-mCas9-M, PLC/PRF/5-Cas9-M and SK-HEP-1-Cas9-M). The results of genomic PCR and sequencing showed that by lentiviral infection with 2 types of designed gRNA, the long fragment deletion of mCherry gene was found in these 3 cell lines. Moreover, mCherry(-)EGFP(+) cells infected with 2 types of gRNA were observed by fluorescence microscope. The results of flow cytometry showed that mCherry(-)EGFP(+) cells accounted from 0.3% to 93.6%. Conclusion: We successfully establish 100 human liver and gallbladder cancer cell lines with stable expression of Cas9 protein and validate their activities of gene editing.
Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/genética , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Colangiocarcinoma/genética , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/patologia , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/virologia , Proteínas Associadas a CRISPR/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/virologia , Colangiocarcinoma/patologia , Colangiocarcinoma/virologia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/virologia , Vetores Genéticos , Genoma , Humanos , Lentivirus , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , RNA Guia de CinetoplastídeosRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and causes of misdiagnosis of esophageal bronchial fistula secondary to esophageal diverticulum. Methods: A case of esophageal bronchial fistula secondary to esophageal diverticulum was described with regard to its diagnosis and treatment process. A systematic literature review was performed for similar published cases in Wanfang, CNKI and Pubmed databases, using the key words "esophageal diverticulum, esophageal bronchial fistula" from January 1946 to August 2017. Results: The patient was a 52 year-old man with a history of persistent cough with yellow purulent sputum for more than 20 years, which aggravated with hemoptysis for more than a year. He had been hospitalized several times at the local hospitals, and had undergone chest X radiography and computed tomography(CT) several times. He was variably diagnosed with pulmonary infection, bronchiectasis accompanied by infection, and pulmonary abscess. One year ago, the symptoms aggravated with excessive yellow purulent sputum, increased hemoptysis and progressive chest CT lesions. At Peking Union Medical College Hospital, the patient underwent upper gastrointestinal contrast and electronic gastroscopy, and was diagnosed with middle and lower segment esophageal diverticulum complicated with esophageal-bronchial fistula. He was referred to the local thoracic surgery department for a curative procedure. By literature review, we found 15 relevant Chinese articles and 15 English articles. A total of 35 cases had been reported. In 28 misdiagnosed cases, lung infection was the most frequently diagnosed disease(19 cases), followed by bronchiectasis(6 cases) and pulmonary abscess(4 cases). All cases had a history of choking and coughing upon consuming liquids, and were confirmed through upper gastrointestinal contrast and/or electronic gastroscopy. Conclusion: Esophageal bronchial fistula with esophageal diverticulum is a rare condition that can be misdiagnosed as bronchiectasis or chronic pulmonary abscess, due to the similarities in their clinical manifestations and imaging features. Detailed history-taking and upper gastrointestinal contrast, gastroscopy and/or bronchoscopy are useful for a timely and correct diagnosis. The recommended treatment for esophageal fistula secondary to esophageal diverticulum is immediate surgery.
Assuntos
Fístula Brônquica , Fístula Esofágica , Bronquiectasia , Broncoscopia , Tosse , Erros de Diagnóstico , Divertículo Esofágico , Hemoptise , Humanos , Abscesso Pulmonar , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Objective: To construct the third generation chimeric antigen receptor based on a novel humanized anti-HER2 H1-2 scFv, and to investigate the specific cytotoxicity of H1-2 CAR modified T lymphocytes(CAR-T) against HER2(+) tumor cells. Method: The expression cassette of the third generation CAR gene and anti-HER2 H1-2 scFv were constructed and cloned into lentivirus transfer plasmid, and then the third generation H1-2 CAR was transduced into human T lymphocytes using lentivirus.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression of cytokines IL2, and LDH release assay was used to detect the cytotoxic effect of the H1-2 CAR-T.Finally, NOD/SCID mice and HER2(+) breast cancer cell line SKBR3 were used to detect the anti-tumor effect of H1-2 CAR-T in vivo. Results: The third generation H1-2 CAR was successfully constructed.H1-2 CAR-T secreted high dose of IL2 after confrontation with HER2(+) breast cancer cells.In vitro, the cytolytic rate of H1-2 CAR-T on high expression HER2(+) tumor cells was significantly higher than that in low expression HER2 or non-expression HER2 tumor cells. At the efficacy to target ratio of 20, the cytolytic rate of H1-2 CAR-T against breast cancer cell SK-BR-3 could reach (90.1±2.8)%, while the cytolytic rate of H1-2 CAR-T against HER2(-) breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 was only (13.5±4.7)%. In the mouse xenograft tumor model, H1-2 CAR-T cells inhibited breast cancer growth in vivo.At the end of the experiments, the average tumor weight in the H1-2 CAR-T cell treatment group was (0.7±0.1) g, the non-transfected T cell therapeutic group was (1.2±0.2) g, and the PBS group was (1.2±0.2) g. There was significant difference between the H1-2 CAR-T therapeutic group and the non-transfected T cell therapeutic group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the non-transfected T cell therapeutic group and the PBS treatment group (P>0.05). Conclusion: The HER2-sepcific H1-2 CAR-T cells specifically kill HER2 positive cells, and further studies on CAR-T cells for the treatment of HER2(+) cancers are useful.
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Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Imunoterapia Adotiva , Receptor ErbB-2/imunologia , Receptores de Antígenos Quiméricos/imunologia , Anticorpos de Cadeia Única/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Animais , Neoplasias da Mama/imunologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Camundongos SCID , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum secreted frizzled-related protein 5(sfrp5) levels, insulin resistance, and airway inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Method: A total of 178 COPD patients visiting our respiratory outpatient clinic from February 2015 to January 2017 were enrolled, and 99 healthy control subjects from the same time period were selected. Serum sfrp5 levels were compared between the 2 groups. Serum sfrp5 and inflammatory cytokines in induced sputum were observed in the 4 subgroups: insulin resistant COPD group [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)≥2.29], non-insulin resistant COPD group, non-COPD insulin resistant group, and healthy control group. Results: Serum sfrp5 levels were found to be significantly higher in the COPD group as compared to the healthy control group (t=-14.29, P<0.001). Serum sfrp5 levels in the insulin resistant COPD group [(8±3)ng/ml] were significantly lower than that of the non-insulin resistant COPD group [(10±5)ng/ml], non-COPD insulin resistant group [(13±3)ng/ml], and normal control group [(14±4)ng/ml, F=35.85, P<0.01]. The insulin resistant COPD group had higher levels of In(Homa-IR), as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in induced sputum as compared to the non-insulin resistant COPD group, non-COPD insulin resistant group, and healthy control group (F values were 64.968, 41.40, 64.15, respectively, P value <0.01 for all items). The non-insulin resistant COPD group had higher levels of In(HOMA-IR) as well as TNF-α and IL-6 in induced sputum as compared to the non-COPD insulin resistant group and healthy control group. FEV(1)/FVC and FEV(1)% predicted were significantly lower in the insulin resistant COPD group as compared to those of non-insulin resistant COPD group and non-COPD insulin resistant group, and healthy control group (F values were 2.481 and 8.37, respectively, P value<0.05 for all items). FEV(1)/FVC and FEV(1)% predicted were significantly lower in the non-insulin resistant COPD group as compared to those of the healthy control group and non-COPD insulin-resistant group. Serum sfrp5 levels were positively correlated to FEV(1)/FVC and FEV(1) predicted (r values were 0.466 and 0.412, respectively; P values were <0.001 and 0.007, respectively) and inversely correlated to In(HOMA-IR) and TNF-α and IL-6 in induced sputum (r values were -0.304, -0.459, -0.517, respectively; P values were <0.001, 0.002, <0.001, respectively). BMI, ln(HOMA-IR), and IL-6 in induced sputum were independent related factors (r(2) values were 0.286, 0.176, 14.69, respectively; P values were <0.01 for all items) Conclusion: Sfrp5 may be concurrently associated with COPD and insulin resistance; insulin resistance may be associated with airway inflammation and airflow limitation. Sfrp5 may be involved in the development of COPD and may be the key link by which insulin resistance exerts its effects on airway inflammation.
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Inflamação , Resistência à Insulina , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/sangue , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Escarro/química , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/sangueRESUMO
Fusarium wilt (also known as Panama disease) is one of the most destructive banana diseases, and greatly hampers the global production of bananas. Consequently, it has been very detrimental to the Chinese banana industry. An infected plant is one of the major causes of the spread of Fusarium wilt to nearby regions. It is essential to develop an efficient and environmentally sustainable disease control method to restrict the spread of Fusarium wilt. We isolated Trichoderma spp from the rhizosphere soil, roots, and pseudostems of banana plants that showed Fusarium wilt symptoms in the infected areas. Their cellulase activities were measured by endoglucanase activity, ß-glucosidase activity, and filter paper activity assays. Safety analyses of the Trichoderma isolates were conducted by inoculating them into banana plantlets. The antagonistic effects of the Trichoderma spp on the Fusarium pathogen Foc tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4) were tested by the dual culture technique. Four isolates that had high cellulase activity, no observable pathogenicity to banana plants, and high antagonistic capability were identified. The isolates were used to biodegrade diseased banana plants infected with GFP-tagged Foc TR4, and the compost was tested for biological control of the infectious agent; the results showed that the fermentation suppressed the incidence of wilt and killed the pathogen. This study indicates that Trichoderma isolates have the potential to eliminate the transmission of Foc TR4, and may be developed into an environmentally sustainable treatment for controlling Fusarium wilt in banana plants.
Assuntos
Fermentação , Fusarium/fisiologia , Musa/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Trichoderma/fisiologia , Bioensaio , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/metabolismo , Filogenia , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Caules de Planta/microbiologia , Trichoderma/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the risk factors for complications following transurethral resection of the prostate and provides a reference for reducing postoperative complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 322 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate from April 2015 to January 2022. Among them, 214 patients had complete clinical and follow-up data. Clinical and follow-up data were collected, and both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing the occurrence of postoperation transurethral resection of the prostate complications. RESULTS: The incidence of complications after transurethral resection of the prostate was 19.16% (41/214). Among them, the incidence of Grade I-II complications was 14.96% (32/214), and Grade III-IV complications were 4.2% (9/214). The preoperative Quality of Life score (p<0.001) was identified as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of Grade I-II complications after transurethral resection of the prostate. The International Prostate Symptom Score (p=0.006) was identified as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of Grade III-IV complications after transurethral resection of the prostate. CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative Quality of Life score is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of Grade I-II complications after transurethral resection of the prostate. The International Prostate Symptom Score is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of Grade III-IV complications after transurethral resection of the prostate.
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Próstata , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Próstata/cirurgia , Ressecção Transuretral da Próstata/efeitos adversos , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic cancer affects the physiological function of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which in turn promotes cancer progression. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is responsible for acidosis-related physiopathological processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of acid exposure on the activation and autophagy of PSCs, and the role of ASIC1a in these events. The results showed that acidic medium upregulated the expression of ASIC1a, induced PSCs activation and autophagy, which can be suppressed by inhibiting ASIC1a using PcTx1 or ASIC1a knockdown, suggesting that ASIC1a involves these two processes. In addition, the acid-induced activation of PSCs was impaired after the application of autophagy inhibitor alone or in combination with ASIC1a siRNA, meaning a connection between autophagy and activation. Collectively, our study provides evidence for the involvement of ASIC1a in the acid-caused PSCs activation, which may be associated with autophagy induction.
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Canais Iônicos Sensíveis a Ácido , Células Estreladas do Pâncreas , Animais , Canais Iônicos Sensíveis a Ácido/genética , Canais Iônicos Sensíveis a Ácido/metabolismo , Autofagia , Células Estreladas do Pâncreas/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the risk factors for stone remnants and recurrence after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), providing insights to enhance the stone-free rate and reduce the stone recurrence rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 356 patients with renal or upper ureteral stones who underwent lateral decubitus PCNL from January 2015 to August 2022. Among them, 271 patients had complete clinical and follow-up data. General clinical information, perioperative data, and follow-up data were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for stone remnants and recurrence after lateral decubitus PCNL. RESULTS: The stone-free rate after lateral decubitus PCNL was 88.6% (195/271), and the stone recurrence rate within three years was 28.1% (76/271). Stone size (p<0.001) and stone co-infection (p=0.047) were identified as independent risk factors for stone remnants after lateral decubitus PCNL. Multiple stones (p=0.003) were an independent risk factor for stone recurrence after lateral decubitus PCNL. CONCLUSIONS: Stone size and stone co-infection are independent risk factors for stone remnants after lateral decubitus PCNL. Multiple stones are an independent risk factor for stone recurrence after lateral decubitus PCNL.
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Coinfecção , Cálculos Renais , Nefrolitotomia Percutânea , Humanos , Nefrolitotomia Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Cálculos Renais/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Bone remodeling is essential for adult bone homeostasis. The failure of this process often leads to the development of osteoporosis, a present major global health concern. The most important factor that affects normal bone remodeling is the tightly controlled and orchestrated regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The present review summarized the recent discoveries related to osteoblast regulation from several signals, including transforming growth factor-ß, bone morphogenetic proteins, Wnt signal, Notch, Eph-Ephrin interaction, parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide, and the leptin-serotonin-sympathetic nervous systemic pathway. The awareness of these mechanisms will facilitate further research that explores bone remodeling and osteoporosis. Future investigations on the endogenous regulation of osteoblastogenesis will increase the current knowledge required for the development of potential drug targets in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Animais , Proteínas Morfogenéticas Ósseas/fisiologia , Comunicação Celular/fisiologia , Efrinas/fisiologia , Humanos , Leptina/fisiologia , Osteoblastos/fisiologia , Hormônio Paratireóideo/fisiologia , Proteína Relacionada ao Hormônio Paratireóideo/fisiologia , Serotonina/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/fisiologia , Via de Sinalização Wnt/fisiologiaRESUMO
We use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate centipede-like polymers with stiff charged side chains, end-grafted to a planar wall. The effect of the grafting density and the Bjerrum length on the conformational behaviour of the brush is examined in detail. In addition, we make a comparison of centipede-like polyelectrolyte (CPE) brushes with neutral centipede-like polymer (NCP) and linear polyelectrolyte (LPE) brushes. At weak electrostatic interaction, the main chains of the CPE chains adopt a strongly stretched conformation, and the monomer density profiles of side chains exhibit a clear oscillatory behaviour. With increasing Bjerrum length, the CPE brush undergoes a collapse transition. Compared to the CPE brushes, the counterion condensation effect is stronger for the LPE brushes, regardless of whether the electrostatic interaction is weak or strong and of whether the grafting density is low or high. Additionally, it is shown that the architecture of the grafted chains makes a weak contribution to the counterion condensation at strong electrostatic interaction. We also find that the electrostatic repulsion between charged side chains can enhance the stiffness of the main chains and thus limit the range of movement of the free-end monomers.
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BACKGROUND: This study was done to investigate imaging features of portal vein aneurysms (PVA) associated with multiple associated findings and discuss the value of three-dimensional multiphase contrast-enhanced MR angiography (3D DCE-MRA) in detecting PVA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 3D DCE-MRA with comprehensive use of various post processing methods was performed in 10 PVA patients. Imaging features of these PVA were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 10 patients, PVA were located in the splenic vein in three cases, in the intrahepatic portal vein in three cases, at the confluence of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein in two cases, and in the main portal vein in two cases. The maximal diameter of the PVA varied from 2.0 cm to 8.39 cm (mean±SD, 3.72±1.84 cm). There were several cases associated with multiple associated findings, such as cavernous transformation of the portal vein, arterio-portal fistulas, arteriovenous malformation and multiple aneurysms of the splenic artery. CONCLUSIONS: 3D DCE-MRA proved to be effective in detecting PVA, improving the diagnosis of associated findings, and in supplying more information for clinical treatment of PVA.
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Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Imageamento Tridimensional , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Veia Porta/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Aneurisma/complicações , Aneurisma/patologia , China , Dilatação Patológica , Feminino , Humanos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Masculino , Veias Mesentéricas/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Veia Esplênica/patologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "Circular RNA circ-SMAD7 promoted glioma cell proliferation and metastasis by upregulating PCNA, by C.-Y. Zuo, W. Qian, C.-J. Huang, J. Lu, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (22): 10035-10041-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201911_19570 -PMID: 31799673" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/19570.
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OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have discovered a class of circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are dysregulated in various tumors and participate in the regulation of tumor progression. In our research, we aim to research the function of circ-SMAD7 in the progression of glioma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Circ-SMAD7 expression was detected by quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) in glioma tissue patients. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to determine the association of circ-SMAD7 expression with several clinicopathological factors. Besides, cell proliferation assay, cell cycle assay, transwell assay, and Matrigel assay were conducted to detect the function of circ-SMAD7 in glioma. In addition, the interaction between circ-SMAD7 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in glioma was studied by performing qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. RESULTS: Circ-SMAD7 expression was observed in glioma tissues when compared with adjacent samples. The expression of circ-SMAD7 was associated with patients' WHO stage and KPS score. Cell proliferation was inhibited and cell cycle was regulated after circ-SMAD7 was downregulated in glioma cells. Besides, cell migration and invasion were inhibited after circ-SMAD7 was downregulated in glioma cells. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression of PCNA was repressed after circ-SMAD7 was knocked down in glioma cells. Furthermore, PCNA expression level positively correlated to circ-SMAD7 expression level in glioma samples. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that circ-SMAD7 promotes proliferation and metastasis of glioma via upregulating PCNA. Circ-SMAD7/ PCNA might be a novel therapeutic strategy in glioma.