Partial Nephrectomy of Transplanted Kidney with Calyceal Fistula.

Kidney transplant is the established treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease but is associated with complications due to the complexity of the procedure. Calyceal fistulas are rare urological complications in transplants caused by arterial occlusion with segmental infarction of the graft. Treatment is based on the extension of the affected area and the clinical status of the patient. For extensive infarctions treated surgically, a total nephrectomy of the transplanted kidney is generally performed. We present a case of a transplanted kidney with polar necrosis and calyceal fistula treated with partial nephrectomy of the affected area, maintaining the graft and preserving kidney function.

Is a differential diagnosis necessary in a patient with ureteritis cystica?

Ureteritis cystica is a rare urological disease with an undefined etiology. Despite the benign behavior, the differential diagnosis should be investigated, as other conditions the cause filling defects in the ureters may occur. We present a rare case of a patient with ureteritis cystica whose differential diagnosis was satisfactory.

Cake kidney drained though a single ureter in a patient with recurring urinary tract infection.

Cake kidney is a rare abnormality of the urinary tract. It is generally asymptomatic but can lead to renal and nonspecific systemic manifestations. This report describes a case of cake kidney drained through a single ureter diagnosed in a female patient with recurring urinary infection.

Incidental finding of retrocaval ureter in a patient without hydronephrosis.

Retrocaval or circuncaval ureters are rare congenital anomaly, in which the ureter is located posterior to the inferior vena cava (IVC). Usually, patients present symptoms in the 3rd or 4th decade of life due to compression of the ureter by the IVC, with obstruction of the urinary flow and consequent hydronephrosis. Herein we report the case of a 62-year-old patient who underwent ultrasonography to investigate abdominal pain. The patient had bilateral renal lithiasis associated with urinary tract dilation with no obvious obstruction. Computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated a retrocaval ureter without hydronephrosis.