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1.
Brain ; 147(3): 849-857, 2024 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37936330

RESUMO

Hitherto no therapeutic has received regulatory approval for the treatment of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Cognitive deficits, mood symptoms and significant reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are highly replicated and debilitating aspects of PCC. We sought to determine the impact of vortioxetine on the foregoing symptoms and HRQoL in persons living with PCC. An 8-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of adults ≥ 18 years of age residing in Canada and who are experiencing symptoms of World Health Organization (WHO)-defined PCC, with a history of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, was conducted. Recruitment began November 2021 and ended January 2023. Of the 200 participants enrolled (487 invited: 121 ineligible and 59 eligible but declined participation; 307 cleared pre-screening stage), a total of 149 participants were randomized (1:1) to receive either vortioxetine (5-20 mg, n = 75) or placebo (n = 74) daily for 8 weeks of double-blind treatment (i.e. end point). The primary outcome was the change from baseline-to-end point in the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Secondary outcomes included the effect on depressive symptoms and HRQoL, as measured by changes from baseline-to-end point on the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology 16-item and WHO Wellbeing Scale 5-item, respectively. A total of 68 (90.7%) participants randomized to vortioxetine and 73 (98.6%) participants randomized to placebo completed all 8 weeks. Between-group analysis did not show a significant difference in the overall change in cognitive function [P = 0.361, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.179, 0.492)]. However, in the fully adjusted model, a significant treatment × time interaction was observed in favour of vortioxetine treatment with baseline c-reactive protein (CRP) as a moderator (P = 0.012). In addition, a significant improvement in Digit Symbol Substitution Test scores were observed in vortioxetine versus placebo treated participants in those whose baseline CRP was above the mean (P = 0.045). Moreover, significant improvement was obtained in measures of depressive symptoms [P < 0.001, 95% CI (-4.378, -2.323)] and HRQoL [P < 0.001, 95% CI (2.297, 4.647)] in vortioxetine-treated participants and between the treatment groups [depressive symptoms: P = 0.026, 95% CI (-2.847, -0.185); HRQoL: P = 0.004, 95% CI (0.774, 3.938)]. Although vortioxetine did not improve cognitive function in the unadjusted model, when adjusting for CRP, a significant pro-cognitive effect was observed; antidepressant effects and improvement in HRQoL in this debilitating disorder were also noted.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adulto , Humanos , Vortioxetina/uso terapêutico , Qualidade de Vida , SARS-CoV-2 , Síndrome de COVID-19 Pós-Aguda , Proteína C-Reativa
2.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 30(10): 2222-2223, 2024 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39320238

RESUMO

A survey of US infectious disease physicians indicated that few regularly reviewed wastewater surveillance (WWS) data but many reported examples of how WWS has affected or could affect their clinical practice. WWS data can be useful for physicians, but increased communication between public health professionals and physicians regarding WWS could improve its utility.


Assuntos
Águas Residuárias , Humanos , Águas Residuárias/microbiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Médicos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Doenças Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Padrões de Prática Médica
3.
Eur J Haematol ; 112(5): 832-839, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38294085

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of the central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in pediatric oncology patients. METHODS: Bacteremia episodes from 2020 to 2022 from a prospective cohort of pediatric oncology patients with a central venous catheter were included. Episodes were classified by three medical experts following the CLABSI criteria as either a CLABSI or non-CLABSI (i.e., contamination, other infection source, or mucosal barrier injury-laboratory confirmed bloodstream infection (MBI-LCBI)). Subsequently, they were asked if and why they (dis)agreed with this diagnosis following the criteria. The primary outcome was the percentage of episodes where the experts clinically disagreed with the diagnosis given following the CLABSI criteria. RESULTS: Overall, 84 bacteremia episodes in 71 patients were evaluated. Following the CLABSI criteria, 34 (40%) episodes were classified as CLABSIs and 50 (60%) as non-CLABSIs. In 11 (13%) cases the experts clinically disagreed with the diagnosis following the CLABSI criteria. The discrepancy between the CLABSI criteria and clinical diagnosis was significant; McNemar's test p < .01. Disagreement by the experts with the CLABSI criteria mostly occurred when the experts found an MBI-LCBI a more plausible cause of the bacteremia than a CLABSI due to the presence of a gram negative bacteremia (Pseudomonas aeruginosa n = 3) and/or mucositis. CONCLUSIONS: A discrepancy between the CLABSI criteria and the evaluation of the experts was observed. Adding Pseudomonas aeruginosa as an MBI pathogen and incorporating the presence of mucositis in the MBI-LCBI criteria, might increase the applicability.


Assuntos
Bacteriemia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter , Cateterismo Venoso Central , Mucosite , Neoplasias , Sepse , Criança , Humanos , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/diagnóstico , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Bacteriemia/diagnóstico , Bacteriemia/etiologia , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 369, 2024 02 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38317139

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A stable public health workforce plays an indispensable role in the realization of the goal of health for all. However, there is an exodus of public health workers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Given the limited evidence on the mechanisms shaping turnover intention (TI) among public health workers, the study aims to investigate the triggering mechanisms of high and low turnover intention by combining job demands, job resources, and personal resources through a set theory perspective based on the Job-Demand-Resources (JD-R) model. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 7 to 18, 2020 at district (county) level CDC in Liaoning Province, China. A total of 584 public health professionals were included. Overcommitment, effort, social respect, occupational identity, job rewards, self-efficacy, and psychological resilience were included in the study as configuration factors. The data were gathered through an online questionnaire and were analyzed using multiple regression and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). RESULTS: Social respect (B = -0.682, P < 0.001), occupational identity (B = -0.168, P < 0.001), and effort (B = 0.114, P < 0.001) were associated with turnover intention. Five configurations for high turnover intention and five for low turnover intention were obtained through the fsQCA, with occupational identity and effort playing an essential role in all pathways. Moreover, the configurations for low turnover intention are not the antithesis of the configurations for high turnover intention. CONCLUSION: Managers should synthesize the combined effects of factors when implementing interventions and formulating policies. Given the vital role of occupational identity and effort, mechanisms for the rational distribution of work to avoid excessive efforts and measures to promote occupational identity should be implemented to reduce the turnover intentions of primary public health workers and encourage their intention to stay.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional , Intenção , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Saúde Pública , Motivação , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Reorganização de Recursos Humanos , China , Inquéritos e Questionários , Satisfação no Emprego
5.
J Med Internet Res ; 26: e41559, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38557597

RESUMO

Using a rapid response web-based survey, we identified gaps in public understanding of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's messaging about the pause in use of the Johnson & Johnson-Janssen COVID-19 vaccine and estimated changes in vaccine hesitancy using counterfactual questions.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Estados Unidos , Adulto , Humanos , Vacinas contra COVID-19/uso terapêutico , Estudos Transversais , COVID-19/prevenção & controle
6.
Med Ref Serv Q ; 43(3): 268-276, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39058537

RESUMO

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Science Clips is an online weekly bibliographical digest showcasing over 46,000 scientific articles and publications from 2009 to present. The digest is curated by the Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library to bring awareness to relevant and quality public health literature. This overview describes how users can access and navigate the database, and evaluates the database usability and relevance in public health.


Assuntos
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Bases de Dados Bibliográficas , Saúde Pública
7.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu ; 53(1): 117-121, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38443185

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the detection ability of vitamin B_1 and vitamin B_(2 )in rice flour in the laboratories of disease control and prevention system, by conducting the proficiency testing(PT)activity. METHODS: Before the vitamin B_1 and vitamin B_2 quality control samples were distributed to the laboratories of disease control and prevention system, the uniformity and stability of samples were analyzed by one-way ANOVO respectively. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method was required to determine vitamin B_1(GB 5009.84-2016: determination of vitamin B_1 in food, first method as reference). HPLC method was also required to determine vitamin B_2(GB 5009.85-2016: determination of vitamin B_2 in food, first method as reference). Robust statistics analysis of proficiency testing result was conducted to evaluate laboratory testing ability through Z score. RESULTS: A total of 43 laboratories completed the proficiency testing. In all of the laboratories participated in the determination of vitamin B_(1 )and vitamin B_2, the total satisfactory rate of vitamin B_1 was 88.4%, while vitamin B_2 was 86.0%. CONCLUSION: The ability of vitamin B_1 and vitamin B_2 detection in disease control and prevention system in China is better than expected, and the testing ability of a few laboratory needs to be improved.


Assuntos
Ensaio de Proficiência Laboratorial , Tiamina , China , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Riboflavina , Vitaminas
8.
BMC Public Health ; 23(1): 893, 2023 05 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37189137

RESUMO

A continent-wide Africa Task Force for Coronavirus with its six technical working groups was formed to prepare adequately and respond to the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Africa. This research in practice article aimed to describe how the infection prevention and control (IPC) technical working group (TWG) supported Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) in preparedness and response to COVID-19 on the continent. To effectively address the multifaceted IPC TWG mandate of organizing training and implementing rigorous IPC measures at healthcare service delivery points, the working group was sub-divided into four sub-groups-Guidelines, Training, Research, and Logistics. The action framework was used to describe the experiences of each subgroup. The guidelines subgroup developed 14 guidance documents and two advisories; all of which were published in English. In addition, five of these documents were translated and published in Arabic, while three others were translated and published in French and Portuguese. Challenges faced in the guidelines subgroup included the primary development of the Africa CDC website in English, and the need to revise previously issued guidelines. The training subgroup engaged the Infection Control Africa Network as technical experts to carry out in-person training of IPC focal persons and port health personnel across the African continent. Challenges faced included the difficulty in conducting face-to-face IPC training and onsite technical support due to the lockdown. The research subgroup developed an interactive COVID-19 Research Tracker on the Africa CDC website and conducted a context-based operation and implementation research. The lack of understanding of Africa CDC's capacity to lead her own research was the major challenge faced by the research subgroup. The logistics subgroup assisted African Union (AU) member states to identify their IPC supply needs through capacity building for IPC quantification. A notable challenge faced by the logistics subgroup was the initial lack of experts on IPC logistics and quantifications, which was later addressed by the recruitment of professionals. In conclusion, IPC cannot be built overnight nor can it be promoted abruptly during outbreaks of diseases. Thus, the Africa CDC should build strong national IPC programmes and support such programmes with trained and competent professionals.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Controle de Infecções , Humanos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Pandemias , África/epidemiologia
9.
Public Health ; 222: 175-177, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37552926

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) case definitions for influenza-like illness (ILI) in diagnosing influenza during the 2022-2023 flu season in Mexico. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of national epidemiological surveillance data in Mexico, focusing on respiratory viral pathogens. METHODS: We analyzed data from 6027 non-hospitalized patients between 5 and 65 years old who underwent molecular testing for respiratory viral pathogens. The performance of both case definitions was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. RESULTS: Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of the evaluated ILI definitions in identifying influenza patients was low, particularly among older patients. When compared to the CDC, the WHO definition had a lower sensitivity but a higher specificity, resulting in a higher AUROC (P = 0.031) for the WHO criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the WHO and CDC ILI case definitions have limited accuracy for diagnosing influenza in non-hospitalized patients and highlight the need for more specific diagnostic tools to improve the detection of influenza cases during the flu season.


Assuntos
Influenza Humana , Viroses , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Estações do Ano , Estudos Transversais , México/epidemiologia , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.
10.
J Adv Nurs ; 79(6): 2328-2336, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36762675

RESUMO

AIM: This research aimed to explore the link of strength use with job burnout and investigate the role of psychological capital in the strength use-job burnout relationship among Chinese workers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. DESIGN: A descriptive, cross-sectional design. METHOD: This study was conducted from September to October 2020. A total of 351 employees working at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from five cities in China completed a series of valid and reliable instruments, namely, Strengths Use Questionnaire, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Job Burnout Questionnaire. The PROCESS macro was used to test our hypotheses. RESULTS: We found that people with higher strength use had lower job burnout compared with those with lower levels of strength use. Furthermore, resilience and hope acted as mediators of the relationship between strength use and job burnout. Moreover, resilience and hope played equally important roles in the strength use-job burnout relationship. CONCLUSION: Resilience and hope mediate the association of strength use with job burnout in workers of Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. IMPACT: Health authorities can alleviate employees' job burnout by encouraging strength use and building their psychological capital, especially resilience and hope.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Esgotamento Profissional/prevenção & controle , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , China , Povo Asiático , Satisfação no Emprego
11.
Int J Environ Health Res ; 33(7): 629-638, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35220835

RESUMO

Little concern has been paid to the relationship between temperature and varicella among adults. Daily meteorological data and varicella cases in Qingdao among adults from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2019 were collected. A combination of quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was conducted to assess the temperature-lag-varicella relationship. We also estimated the lag-response curves for different temperatures and the exposure-response relationships for different lag days. The number of varicella cases was 10,296. Compared with the minimum-varicella temperature (25°C), we found the largest effect of temperature on varicella within 21 lag days was at 1°C (RR, 6.72; 95% CI, 2.90-15.57), and then the effect declined as the temperature increased. A similar trend of rising first and then falling was found in temperature-response curves for different lag days. A reverse U-shape lag pattern was found for different levels of temperatures. Temperature may affect varicella.


Assuntos
Varicela , Humanos , Adulto , Temperatura , Varicela/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia
12.
J Pharm Technol ; 39(3): 103-109, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37323764

RESUMO

Background: Inappropriate prescribing of opioids is thought to play a central role in the ongoing opioid health crisis. Tertiary information resources are commonly used by clinicians for obtaining opioid dosing information. To assist health care providers in pain management, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed a guideline for prescribing opioids. Objective: To identify discrepancies for dosing information on oxycodone between commonly used tertiary drug information resources and the CDC Guideline. Methods: Searches of the tertiary drug information resources were conducted in the following order: Facts and Comparisons, Lexicomp, Medscape, and Micromedex. The term "oxycodone" was entered in the search box in the tertiary resources' applications. Drug information items retrieved were organized in tabular format. In the Google Chrome version 106.0.5249.119 search box, the term "CDC guideline for opioid dosing" was entered to retrieve current information on the CDC Guideline. Results: Searches produced drug information on oxycodone for available formulations, dosing regimens, recommended dosing, and maximum daily dose (MDD). Searches revealed discrepancies in dosing recommendations for oxycodone among tertiary drug resources and between tertiary drug resources and the CDC Guideline. Conclusions: When considering maximum daily dosing information for oxycodone from the selected tertiary drug information resources, the potential exists for patients to be at risk of addiction, overdose, and perhaps death. Improving the way opioids are prescribed through the CDC Clinical Practice Guideline can ensure patients have access to safer, more effective chronic pain treatment while reducing the number of people who misuse or overdose from inappropriate dosing information.

13.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi ; 41(12): 913-917, 2023 Dec 20.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38195227

RESUMO

Objective: To investigate and analyze the allocation equality of occupational health technology service resource of Gansu disease control and prevention institutions, providing reference basis for optimizing the allocation of occupational health technology service resources. Methods: Combined with the survey data in September 2021, Gansu Province was divided into five economic regions by geographical location and economic characteristics. Taking the service number of enterprises and workers as the analysis dimensions, the allocation level of occupational health technology service resources in different regions was compared. The allocation equality was analyzed through Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient and Theil index. Results: There were 301 occupational health technicians and 1914 sampling and testing equipments of Gansu Provincial disease control and prevention institutions in 2021. All of the technicians and equipments were used for serving 1952 enterprises and 465800 workers. The curvature of Lorentz curves and Gini coefficient which measured by the service number of enterprises and workers were: occupational health technicians>radioactive factor sampling and testing equipment >physical factor sampling and testing equipment >chemical factor sampling and testing equipment, and chemical factor sampling and testing equipment>physical factor sampling and testing equipment >radioactive factor sampling and testing equipment >occupational health technicians, respectively. Theil index of occupational health technology service resources suggested that differences in regions were the main unfair reason effected the allocation of occupational health technicians and radioactive factor sampling and testing equipment, while the differences between regions were the main unfair reason effected the allocation of chemical and physical factor sampling and testing equipment. Conclusion: The allocation equality in occupational health technology service resources of Gansu Provincial disease control and prevention institutions was not enough, and the differences in regions and between regions should be considered. This study suggests that it is necessary to introduce more occupational health technicians. The allocation of occupational health technology service resources should match with the number of local enterprises and the types of potential hazard factors of enterprises as far as possible.


Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador , Saúde Ocupacional , Humanos , Exame Físico , Tecnologia
14.
Clin Infect Dis ; 74(Suppl_2): S127-S133, 2022 04 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35416969

RESUMO

A panel of experts generated 5 "key questions" in the management of adult syphilis. A systematic literature review was conducted and tables of evidence were constructed to answer these questions. Available data suggest no clinical benefit to >1 dose of benzathine penicillin G for early syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. While penicillin remains the drug of choice to treat syphilis, doxycycline to treat early and late latent syphilis is an acceptable alternate option if penicillin cannot be used. There are very limited data regarding the impact of additional antibiotic doses on serologic responses in serofast patients and no data on the impact of additional antibiotic courses on long-term clinical outcomes. In patients with isolated ocular or otic signs and symptoms, reactive syphilis serologic results, and confirmed ocular/otic abnormalities at examination, a diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination is not necessary, because up to 40% and 90% of patients, respectively, would have no CSF abnormalities. Based on the results of 2 studies, repeated CSF examinations are not necessary for HIV-uninfected patients or HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy who exhibit appropriate serologic and clinical responses after treatment for neurosyphilis. Finally, several important gaps were identified and should be a priority for future research.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Neurossífilis , Sífilis , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Neurossífilis/diagnóstico , Penicilina G Benzatina/uso terapêutico , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Sífilis/tratamento farmacológico , Sífilis/prevenção & controle , Estados Unidos
15.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 28(13): S159-S167, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36502403

RESUMO

Kenya's Ministry of Health (MOH) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Kenya (CDC Kenya) have maintained a 40-year partnership during which measures were implemented to prevent, detect, and respond to disease threats. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the MOH and CDC Kenya rapidly responded to mitigate disease impact on Kenya's 52 million residents. We describe activities undertaken jointly by the MOH and CDC Kenya that lessened the effects of COVID-19 during 5 epidemic waves from March through December 2021. Activities included establishing national and county-level emergency operations centers and implementing workforce development and deployment, infection prevention and control training, laboratory diagnostic advancement, enhanced surveillance, and information management. The COVID-19 pandemic provided fresh impetus for the government of Kenya to establish a national public health institute, launched in January 2022, to consolidate its public health activities and counter COVID-19 and future infectious, vaccine-preventable, and emerging zoonotic diseases.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Saúde Pública , Animais , Estados Unidos , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Zoonoses/prevenção & controle
16.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 28(13): S8-S16, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36502410

RESUMO

Early warning and response surveillance (EWARS) systems were widely used during the early COVID-19 response. Evaluating the effectiveness of EWARS systems is critical to ensuring global health security. We describe the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) global COVID-19 EWARS (CDC EWARS) system and the resources CDC used to gather, manage, and analyze publicly available data during the prepandemic period. We evaluated data quality and validity by measuring reporting completeness and compared these with data from Johns Hopkins University, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and indicator-based data from the World Health Organization. CDC EWARS was integral in guiding CDC's early COVID-19 response but was labor-intensive and became less informative as case-level data decreased and the pandemic evolved. However, CDC EWARS data were similar to those reported by other organizations, confirming the validity of each system and suggesting collaboration could improve EWARS systems during future pandemics.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Saúde Global
17.
Support Care Cancer ; 30(4): 3495-3501, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35018521

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of memory problems in individuals with or without a history of DM and cancer and assess possible compounding effects of these diseases on self-reported memory problems (SRMP). METHODS: We used data from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We conducted logistic regression analyses to determine the associations among DM, cancer, and SRMP, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and poverty level. We examined the interaction effects of comorbid DM and cancer on SRMP. We compared participants with both DM and cancer to those with cancer only and to those with no DM or cancer. RESULTS: We included 26,842 adults ≥ 20 years old (N = 3374 with DM, N = 23,468 without DM) and 51.87% female. There were 10,434 Whites, 5730 Blacks, 6795 Hispanics, and 3883 other races/multiracial. More individuals with DM reported memory problems than those without DM (p < 0.0001). More individuals with cancer reported memory problems than those without cancer (p < 0.0001). Of those with both DM and cancer, 14.19% reported memory problems. More individuals with DM had cancer than those without DM (p < 0.0001). Of those with both diseases, 55.75% had DM before the cancer diagnosis. DM (odds ratio[OR] = 1.87, 95%CI, 1.55-2.26) and cancer (OR = 1.81, 95%CI, 1.43-2.30) predicted SRMP. The interaction between DM and cancer was significant, and the likelihood of having both diseases compared to having neither DM nor cancer was OR = 2.09, 95%CI, 1.41 - 3.11. CONCLUSION: Strategies to mitigate SRMP in individuals with comorbid DM and cancer history should consider the impact of both diseases.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Diabetes Mellitus , Neoplasias , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Prevalência , Autorrelato , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
18.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao ; 44(2): 199-207, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35538753

RESUMO

Objective To assess the psychological status of staff at the centers for disease control and prevention(CDC) in Sichuan during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and explore the influencing factors. Methods The staff at Sichuan provincial,municipal,and county(district)-level CDC were selected by convenience sampling.Their basic information,work status,training status,work difficulties,and support from the work group were collected from the self-filled questionnaires online.The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and the 9-question Patient Health Questionnaire were respectively employed to measure the anxiety and depression of the staff.The stepwise Logistic regression was carried out to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in CDC staff. Results Among the 653 staff,58.35% and 50.06% presented anxiety and depression,respectively.The regression results showed that age(OR=0.95,95%CI=0.92-0.97) and mental support from the work group(OR=0.61,95%CI=0.45-0.82) were the protective factors while physical fatigue(OR=1.82,95%CI=1.20-2.74),work pressure(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.21-2.12),and insufficient protective equipment(OR=1.92,95%CI=1.06-3.49) were the risk factors for depression of CDC staff.Age(OR=0.97,95%CI=0.94-0.99),length of sleep per day(OR=0.74,95%CI=0.56-0.96),and participation in technical training(OR=0.33,95%CI=0.12-0.95) were the protective factors while mental fatigue(OR=1.68,95%CI=1.18-2.41),work pressure(OR=2.94,95%CI=2.08-4.17),and unclear incentive system for overtime(OR=1.99,95%CI=1.23-3.23) were the risk factors for the anxiety of CDC staff. Conclusion The anxiety and depression status of CDC staff during the COVID-19 outbreak were worrying,which were mainly affected by age,sleep,supply of protective equipment,incentive system,fatigue,and work pressure.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos
19.
Int J Hosp Manag ; 103: 103225, 2022 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35946038

RESUMO

The COVID-19 pandemic makes restaurants implement new safety rules. However, because of consumers' and employees' resistance, employees may break these rules to improve the service experience. This paper examines how employees' prosocial safety-rule-breakings (PSRB) affect consumer satisfaction. We propose that PSRB has two competing effects on consumers' (including both requesters and bystanders) satisfaction via the mediating roles of service performance and perceived safety. We tested our proposed model in two experiments, adopting a 2 (Consumer role: Requesters vs. Bystanders) × 2 (PSRB level: Low vs. High) between-subject experimental design. Our findings suggest that PSRB has a strong negative relationship with bystanders' service performance rating. PSRB harms both requesters' and bystanders' perceived safety. PSRB reduces consumer satisfaction, and the relationship is stronger for bystanders (vs. requesters). This study demonstrates the importance for hospitality organizations to ensure safety rule compliance during and after the pandemic.

20.
Indian J Public Health ; 66(1): 67-70, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35381719

RESUMO

India started Point of entry (PoE) surveillance at Mumbai International Airport, screening passengers returning from coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-affected countries using infrared thermometers. We evaluated in July 2020 for March 1-22 with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention evaluation framework. We conducted key informant interviews, reviewed passenger self-reporting forms (SRFs) (randomly selected) and relevant Airport Health Organization and Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) records. Of screened 165,882 passengers, three suspects were detected and all were reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction negative. Passengers under-quarantine line-listing not available in paper-based PoE system, eight written complaints: 6/8 SRF filling inconvenience, 3/8 no SRF filling inflight announcements, and standing in long queues for their submission. Outside staff deployed 128/150 (85.3%), and staff: passenger ratio was 1:300. IDSP reported 59 COVID-19 confirmed cases against zero detected at PoE. It was simple, timely, flexible, and useful in providing information to IDSP but missed cases at PoE and had poor stability. We recommended dedicated workforce and data integration with IDSP.


Assuntos
Aeroportos , COVID-19 , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Programas de Rastreamento , Quarentena
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