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1.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis ; 30(10): 106016, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34325273

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) can be a warning sign of an impending stroke. The objective of our study is to assess the feasibility, safety, and cost savings of a comprehensive TIA protocol in the emergency room for low-risk TIA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, single-center cohort study performed at an academic comprehensive stroke center. We implemented an emergency department-based TIA protocol pathway for low-risk TIA patients (defined as ABCD2 score < 4 and without significant vessel stenosis) who were able to undergo vascular imaging and a brain MRI in the emergency room. Patients were set up with rapid outpatient follow-up in our stroke clinic and scheduled for an outpatient echocardiogram, if indicated. We compared this cohort to TIA patients admitted prior to the implementation of the TIA protocol who would have qualified. Outcomes of interest included length of stay, hospital cost, radiographic and echocardiogram findings, recurrent neurovascular events within 30 days, and final diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 138 patients were assessed (65 patients in the pre-pathway cohort, 73 in the expedited, post-TIA pathway implementation cohort). Average time from MRI order to MRI end was 6.4 h compared to 2.3 h in the pre- and post-pathway cohorts, respectively (p < 0.0001). The average length of stay for the pre-pathway group was 28.8 h in the pre-pathway cohort compared to 7.7 h in the post-pathway cohort (p < 0.0001). There were no differences in neuroimaging or echocardiographic findings. There were no differences in the 30 days re-presentation for stroke or TIA or mortality between the two groups. The direct cost per TIA admission was $2,944.50 compared to $1,610.50 for TIA patients triaged through the pathway at our institution. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the feasibility, safety, and cost-savings of a comprehensive, emergency department-based TIA protocol. Further study is needed to confirm overall benefit of an expedited approach to TIA patient management and guide clinical practice recommendations.


Assuntos
Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde/economia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/economia , Custos Hospitalares , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/economia , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/terapia , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/economia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos Clínicos , Redução de Custos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/diagnóstico por imagem , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/mortalidade , Tempo de Internação/economia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Triagem/economia
2.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 68(1): 17-24, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31668991

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In France, the children oral health status has improved but the use of care remains insufficient. The complexity of the acts, the access to care difficulties and the programs of prevention and care for children lack of knowledge contribute to late care and often, in emergency. This study aims to describe the young patients' characteristics consulting in dental emergency and analyse the modalities of recourse. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on medical records. An extraction of data was carried out concerning all children under the age of 16, admitted to the Dental Emergency Functional Unit of the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital Group in 2015. Several variables of interest were analysed: socio-demographic characteristics, the time of the visit and the diagnostic category (tooth pathologies, facial trauma, infections, periodontal diseases and other emergencies). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted. RESULTS: On the 62,500 dental emergency consultations in 2015, 5359 were for patients under 16 years of age (8%). Data were available for 5044 children. Among these, children aged 6 to 11 accounted most of consultations (43.9%). There were more boys (57.2%). The most frequent emergency diagnoses were related to a tooth pathology (42.9%) and traumatic event (38.4%). Consultations were more held on the evening schedule on weekdays and the day on weekends. Patients aged 0 to 5 years consulted more at night (P<10-3) and were, proportionally, the most affected by traumatic events (39.2%). Children aged 6 to 11 and 12 to 16 years consulted more often during the day (P<10-3), for emergencies related to a carious event (43.9% and 43.6%). Patients residing in Seine-Saint-Denis accounted for 22.6% of total visits and those living in Paris accounted for 20.8%. CONCLUSION: A large proportion of children presenting for dental emergencies, have most of the time, only the need for usual care. An offer of dental care, adapted to the territory needs, is necessary for the children dental health management. Preventive measures from an early age and early recourse would be favourable.


Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Emergências/epidemiologia , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Encaminhamento e Consulta/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Paris/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Doenças Estomatognáticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Estomatognáticas/terapia
3.
J Emerg Nurs ; 44(3): 280-284, 2018 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29108693

RESUMO

ABSTRACTPURPOSE: To identify and implement an evidence-based fall-risk assessment tool for use in emergency departments at Essentia Health, a large, primarily rural health care delivery system with 12 emergency departments. METHODS: The Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice to Promote Quality Care was used to guide the process. The Memorial Emergency Department Fall-Risk Assessment Tool (MEDFRAT) was programmed into the electronic medical record, along with interventions that could be selected for 2 fall-risk levels. An education session was developed for emergency nurses about falls and MEDFRAT, with planned time for discussion about any concerns in the implementation of MEDFRAT. MEDFRAT was selected for implementation by nursing leadership because it is evidence based and appeared to be conducive to implementation in the diverse emergency departments across 12 sites in 3 states. RESULTS: Education sessions were presented to nurses at 11 of 12 emergency departments. Suggestions to support site-specific implementation were programmed into the electronic health record. Nurses expressed appreciation that they were consulted, and their feedback was incorporated into the tool before it was implemented. Resources needed at each site to implement recommended MEDFRAT interventions in the tool were identified. Needed resources were then provided to the emergency departments before implementation of MEDFRAT. CONCLUSIONS: The Iowa Model was a useful framework to select an evidence-based tool and then engage nurses in the process of implementing evidence-based practice changes in emergency departments across a diverse health care system serving a largely rural population. Ongoing follow-up will determine if this process results in fewer falls.


Assuntos
Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Hospitais Comunitários , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde/métodos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes por Quedas/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Rurais , Humanos , North Dakota , Wisconsin
4.
Rheumatol Int ; 36(1): 83-9, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26259985

RESUMO

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the percentage of emergency department (ED) visits due to musculoskeletal pain (MSP) by children 3-14 years of age during a period of 1 year; (2) to determine the most frequent presenting complaints; and (3) to characterize their etiology. A cross-sectional study was performed on children aged 3-14(11/12) years attended at the ED of a tertiary hospital due to MSP. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were reviewed 5 days each month for 12 consecutive months. Study days were selected by computer-generated simple random sampling. Out of 4,531 visits to the ED, 826 were due to MSP (18.2 %; 95 % CI 17.1-19.4 %). When compared with children with no skeletal complaints, children with MSP had a similar sex distribution but were older (mean ± SD 7 ± 3.5 years vs 9.9 ± 3.1 years; p < 0.0001). The most common complaints were pain at the wrist (19 %), ankle (19 %) and finger (15 %). The most common etiology was trauma (88.4 %), including contusions (38 %), fractures (21 %) and sprains (18 %). Children with hip (6.7 ± 3 years; p < 0.0001) and elbow (7.8 ± 3.5 years; p < 0.0001) complaints were younger than children with pain in other locations, whereas children with wrist pain (10.5 ± 2.6 years; p < 0.002) and joint sprains (10.7 ± 2.7 years; p < 0.0001) were older. Fractures were more frequent in boys (64 vs 36 %, p = 0.008; OR 1.6; CI 1.1-2.2). Visits to the ED due to MSP increased with age. Pain at three locations represented 50 % of the presenting complaints. Trauma was the principal etiology, but fractures only represented one-fifth of the total.


Assuntos
Fraturas Ósseas/epidemiologia , Dor Musculoesquelética/epidemiologia , Entorses e Distensões/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Fraturas Ósseas/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Dor Musculoesquelética/etiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Sexuais , Entorses e Distensões/complicações
5.
Clin Exp Emerg Med ; 9(3): 224-229, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36153876

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical significance of a heart rate (HR) or respiratory rate (RR) higher or lower than the normal in pediatric triage. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted with data from the Korean National Emergency Department Information System. The subjects were children <15 years of age in 2016. Reported HRs and RRs were divided into seven groups: grade -3 (3 or more standard deviations [SDs]normal), grade 2 (2 SDs>normal), and grade 3 (3 or more SDs>normal). The main outcomes were hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship of the outcomes according to grade in each group. RESULTS: Data for 981,297 patients were analyzed. Hospitalization and ICU admission rates increased significantly in the higher HR group (grades 1 to 3; odds ratio [OR], 1.353; P<0.001; OR, 1.747; P<0.001; respectively) and in the higher RR group (OR, 1.144; P<0.001; OR, 1.396; P<0.001; respectively), compared with grade 0 group. In the lower HR group (grades -1 to -3), the hospitalization rate decreased (OR, 0.928; P<0.001), whereas the ICU admission rate increased (OR, 1.207; P=0.001). Although the hospitalization rate increased. In the lower RR group (OR, 1.016; P=0.008), the ICU admission rate did not increase (OR, 0.973; P=0.338). CONCLUSION: Deviations in HR and RR above normal are related to increased risks of hospitalization and ICU admission. However, this association may not apply to deviations below normal.

6.
Int J Health Policy Manag ; 11(4): 429-433, 2022 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32801218

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: On February 26, 2020, the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was detected in Israel. The Ministry of Health (MoH) instructed people to take isolation measures and restrict their movement. Similarly, there was a gradual decrease in the number of visits to our emergency department (ED). OBJECTIVES: To describe the decline in the referrals to the ED and in-hospital beds occupancy during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare it to the H1N1 2009 pandemic. METHODS: Employing a cross-sectional epidemiologic study, the pattern of visits to the ED during the COVID-19 was compared with the pattern of visits during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, as well as a year without a pandemic. The data was adjusted to consider changes in population size. The Welch t test for unpaired, unequal samples was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Within 2 months of the COVID-19 outbreak, the average number of visits to the ED dropped by 30.2% and the hospital occupancy by 29.2% (a minimum of 57%), compared to the same period, the year before. In comparison to the same period during the H1N1 outbreak, we witnessed a significant decline in the number of visits to the ED during the COVID-19 outbreak. CONCLUSION: The behavior of people during the COVID-19 pandemic was different from their behavior during the H1N1 pandemic. People seemed to avoid visiting the ED. The boundary between precaution and panic in the generation of the media could be very thin. Decision-makers must take this into account.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Surtos de Doenças , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Hospitais , Humanos , Pacientes Internados , Israel/epidemiologia , Pandemias
7.
Emerg Med Australas ; 33(3): 569-571, 2021 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33474829

RESUMO

Taiwan's response to the coronavirus disease pandemic received international recognition. Among various epidemic control measures, telemedicine services are provided for people under home quarantine. Although this service presents no policy, cost or equipment problems, the medical needs of people under home quarantine are diverse. Further, there are no clear guidelines regarding which specialists should be included in a multidisciplinary team. Moreover, many physicians are unwilling to participate in telemedicine, creating a big challenge for hospitals providing these services. Emergency physicians (EPs) have unique experiences in crisis management and can provide a number of effective public health measures. We advocate that EPs should be the first specialists to contact patients in a multidisciplinary team. Currently, there is a lack of literature on this subject, and Taiwan's epidemic control experience is used as an example to prove our viewpoint and provide recommendations for future EPs.

8.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34639362

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiological profiles of violence against children, victims, and their aggressors, and their correlations between socioeconomic and demographic factors analyzed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective observational study based on a review of Individual Notification Forms from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, including child victims of violence, under 18 years, assisted by a pediatric emergency service in Brazil, from 2016-2020. Data were stratified, then statistical analysis was performed using the two-proportion equality test and the Chi-square test, with p < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. A total of 609 notifications were analyzed and a prevalence of sexual violence (63.2%) was reported. The prevalent profile of victim was female (76.7%), aged between 2-9 years (38.1%) and 14-18 years (35.6%). The violence occurs in the victim's home (58.9%). The prevalent profile of perpetrator was male (82.4%), young adolescent (59.2%), living as family (64%), mainly the parents (18.4%). No correlation was found between the classified socioeconomic and demographic variables and violence. There was an increase in notifications during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the same period in the previous year; self-harm was reported in 59.7% of physical violence in 2020. Prevalence of sexual violence was higher for females, aged between 2-9 and 14-18 years, victimized in their homes, by male offenders, living as family, mainly by their parents. No association was found between child violence and the socioeconomic and demographic.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , SARS-CoV-2 , Violência
9.
J Med Biochem ; 39(4): 474-480, 2020 Oct 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33312064

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The presence of preanalytical errors is a recurring fact in all areas of healthcare that send samples to laboratories. Increasing the knowledge of possible sources of error in the preanalytical phase has been the objective of this group during the last 10 years. METHODS: In this study, descriptive research has been carried out using professionals' opinions obtained by means of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats method in a focus group. RESULTS: The opinions expressed within the focus group have emphasised the importance of patients' safety and willingness for the introduction of a computerized analytical module. The most commented weakness in both hospitals was the transport of samples through the pneumatic tube. Improving the duration of workers' contracts, especially in the laboratory, and creating a circuit for professional's localization during the work shift to facilitate potential error solving are some opportunities for the future. CONCLUSIONS: Different approaches have been developed depending on the healthcare scenario. For this, establishing a flow of information between the different professionals allows identifying identical aspects through a priori, different points of view. The line to follow is to improve the safety of the patient and also to give professionals an opportunity to express themselves.

10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32781646

RESUMO

Clinical practices are key environments for skill acquisition during the education of nursing students, where it is important to encourage reflective learning. This study sought to explore the experience of final year nursing students during their clinical placement in emergency and intensive care units and to identify whether differences exist between female and male students. Using qualitative methodology, a documentary analysis of 28 reflective learning journals was carried out at a public university in Northern Spain. Four themes were identified: "an intense emotional experience", "the importance of attitudes over and above techniques", "identifying with nurses who dominate their environment and are close to the patient in complex and dehumanized units" and "how to improve care in critically ill patients and how to support their families". The female students displayed a more emotional and reflective experience, with a strong focus on patient care, whereas male students identified more with individual aspects of learning and the organization and quality of the units. Both male and female students experienced intense emotions, improved their learning in complex environments and acquired attitudes linked to the humanization of care. However, the experience of these clinical rotations was different between female and male students.


Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Bacharelado em Enfermagem , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Aprendizagem , Masculino , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Espanha
11.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 267: 215-223, 2019 Sep 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31483275

RESUMO

Emergency department (ED) care for frail elderly patients is associated with an increased use of resources due to their complex medical needs and frequently difficult psycho-social situation. To better target their needs with specially trained staff, it is vital to determine the times during which these particular patients present to the ED. Recent research was inconclusive regarding this question and the applied methods were limited to coarse time windows. Moreover, there is little research on time variation of frail ED patients' case complexity. This study examines differences in arrival rates for frail vs. non-frail patients in detail and compares case complexity in frail patients within vs. outside of regular GP working hours. Arrival times and case variables (admission rate, ED length of stay [LOS], triage level and comorbidities) were extracted from the EHR of an ED in an urban German teaching hospital. We employed Poisson time series regression to determine patterns in hourly arrival rates over the week. Frail elderly patients presented more likely to the ED during already high frequented hours, especially at midday and in the afternoon. Case complexity for frail patients was significantly higher compared to non-frail patients, but varied marginally in time only with respect to triage level and ED LOS. The results suggest that frailty-attuned emergency care should be available in EDs during the busiest hours. Based on EHR data, hospitals thus can tailor their staff needs.


Assuntos
Idoso Fragilizado , Fragilidade , Idoso , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Triagem
12.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 260: 57-64, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31118319

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Crowding in emergency departments (ED) has a negative impact on quality of care and can be averted by allocating additional resources based on predictive crowding models. However, there is a lack in effective external overall predictors, particularly those representing public activity. OBJECTIVES: This study, therefore, examines public activity measured by regional road traffic flow as an external predictor of ED crowding in an urban hospital. METHODS: Seasonal autoregressive cross-validated models (SARIMA) were compared with respect to their forecasting error on ED crowding data. RESULTS: It could be shown that inclusion of inflowing road traffic into a SARIMA model effectively improved prediction errors. CONCLUSION: The results provide evidence that circadian patterns of medical emergencies are connected to human activity levels in the region and could be captured by public monitoring of traffic flow. In order to corroborate this model, data from further years and additional regions need to be considered. It would also be interesting to study public activity by additional variables.


Assuntos
Aglomeração , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Análise de Regressão , Previsões , Hospitais Urbanos , Humanos
13.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 253: 175-179, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30147067

RESUMO

Frequent users of emergency departments (ED) pose a significant challenge to hospital emergency services. Despite a wealth of studies in this field, it is hardly understood, what medical conditions lead to frequent attendance. We examine (1) what ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) are linked to frequent use, (2) how frequent users can be clustered into subgroups with respect to their diagnoses, acuity and admittance, and (3) whether frequent use is related to higher acuity or admission rate. We identified several ACSC that highly increase the risk for heavy ED use, extracted four major diagnose subgroups and found no significant effect neither for acuity nor admission rate. Our study indicates that especially patients in need of (nursing) care form subgroups of frequent users, which implies that quality of care services might be crucial for tackling frequent use. Hospitals are advised to regularly analyze their ED data in the EHR to better align resources.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial , Diagnóstico , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença Aguda , Humanos , Cuidados de Enfermagem
14.
Rev. Baiana Enferm. (Online) ; 37: e53939, 2023.
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1529662

RESUMO

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção das enfermeiras sobre a criança com doença falciforme. Método: pesquisa qualitativa Convergente-Assistencial, ocorrida em hospital público pediátrico, da qual participaram 12 enfermeiras da emergência no período de julho de 2020 a abril de 2021, após submissão ao Comitê de Ética. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram: sondagem do conhecimento por entrevista semiestruturada, grupos de convergência e observação participante. Os dados foram analisados conforme referencial da Pesquisa Convergente-Assistencial e suas fases, sendo elas concepção, instrumentalização, teorização, transferência e análise. Resultados: as enfermeiras reconheceram a doença pela principal manifestação clínica, a crise álgica, a qual foi citada como característica marcante da criança com doença falciforme. Considerações finais: as enfermeiras atuantes na emergência pediátrica conhecem alguns aspectos da doença falciforme e revelaram conhecimento incipiente sobre a fisiopatologia da doença.


Objetivo: conocer la percepción de las enfermeras sobre el niño con enfermedad falciforme. Método: Investigación cualitativa Convergente-Asistencial, ocurrida en hospital público pediátrico, de la cual participaron 12 enfermeras de la emergencia en el período de julio de 2020 a abril de 2021, tras sumisión al Comité de Ética. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron: sondeo del conocimiento por entrevista semiestructurada, grupos de convergencia y observación participante. Los datos fueron analizados conforme referencial de la Investigación Convergente-Asistencial y sus fases, siendo ellas concepción, instrumentalización, teorización, transferencia y análisis. Resultados: las enfermeras reconocieron la enfermedad por la principal manifestación clínica, la crisis álgica, la cual fue citada como característica distintiva del niño con enfermedad falciforme. Consideraciones finales: las enfermeras que actúan en la emergencia pediátrica conocen algunos aspectos de la enfermedad falciforme y revelaron conocimiento incipiente sobre la fisiopatología de la enfermedad.


Objective: to know the perception of nurses about the child with sickle cell disease. Method: qualitative Convergent-Care research, occurred in a public pediatric hospital, in which 12 emergency nurses participated from July 2020 to April 2021, after submission to the Ethics Committee. The data collection techniques were: survey of knowledge by semi-structured interview, convergence groups and participant observation. The data were analyzed according to the referential of the Convergent-Care Research and its phases, being them conception, instrumentalization, theorization, transfer and analysis. Results: the nurses recognized the disease by the main clinical manifestation, the pain crisis, which was cited as a striking characteristic of the child with sickle cell disease. Final considerations: the nurses working in the pediatric emergency know some aspects of sickle cell disease and revealed incipient knowledge about the pathophysiology of the disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Conhecimento , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Anemia Falciforme , Pesquisa Qualitativa
15.
Oman Med J ; 32(4): 297-305, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28804582

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Service quality is one of the important gears to appraise services and determine the gray areas that need improvement. In countries with a resource-poor health system, the first step of measuring quality is yet to be taken. This study seeks to inform policy makers in developing contextual service quality models by identifying service quality gaps in tertiary care teaching hospitals using patients' perspective. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed using multistage cluster sampling, and a modified version of the SERVQUAL (SERV-service, QUAL-quality) instrument was administered to determine patient's expectations and perceptions. A total of 817 completed questionnaires were obtained from patients and/or their attendants using convenience sampling. RESULTS: Data analysis revealed statistically significant negative quality gaps between expectations and perceptions of tangibility, reliability, empathy, assurance, responsiveness, and communication. The difference in mean expectation and perception for responsiveness across the sexes was significant (p < 0.003; p < 0.037, respectively) as well as in perception of communication (p < 0.026). Other dimensions and overall hospital expected and perceived quality were independent of sex. Educational status showed significant difference in expectation and perception in responsiveness (p < 0.005), but the perception of each dimension was significantly different in different educational categories (assurance: p < 0.001; empathy: p < 0.001; reliability: p < 0.001; tangibility: p < 0.001; responsiveness: p < 0.001; communication: p < 0.001; and for overall service quality: p < 0.001). Age and service departments showed no relationship with any of the perceived or expected dimension of service quality of hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Tertiary care hospitals failed to meet patients' expectations in all major areas of service quality, posing a question of how hospitals implement and evaluate their quality assurance policy.

16.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 25(287): 7516-7527, abr.2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1372415

RESUMO

Objetivo: identificar o perfil sociodemográfico, epidemiológico, clínico e os desfechos dos pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio em um pronto socorro. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo, realizado através de dados secundários de pacientes infartados. Resultados: a idade predominante foi entre 50-59 anos, sendo em sua maioria homens, pardos, casados. Foram acometidos com infarto com Supradesnivelamento de ST, apresentando precordialgia, sendo hipertensos, diabéticos, com sobrepeso/obesidade além de histórico de tabagismo. Os infartados apresentaram quadro hipertensivo na admissão, e durante a internação necessitaram de drogas vasoativas e suporte de oxigênio. O principal tratamento utilizado foi uso de fibrinolíticos, tendo como desfecho a transferência para hospitais cardiológicos. Conclusão: Há necessidade de aprimorar e intensificar a prevenção de fatores de riscos, elaborar protocolos e dispor de recursos capazes de proporcionar um atendimento adequado(AU)


Objective: to identify the sociodemographic, epidemiological, clinical profile and outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction in an emergency department. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out using secondary data from infarcted patients. Results: the predominant age was between 50-59 years, being mostly men, brown, married. They were affected with infarction with ST elevation, presenting chest pain, being hypertensive, diabetic, overweight/ obese, in addition to a history of smoking. The infarcted patients presented with hypertension on admission, and during hospitalization they required vasoactive drugs and oxygen support. The main treatment used was the use of fibrinolytics, with the outcome being transfer to cardiology hospitals. Conclusion: There is a need to improve and intensify the prevention of risk factors, develop protocols and have resources capable of providing adequate care.(AU)


Objetivo: identificar el perfil sociodemográfico, epidemiológico, clínico y evolución de los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio en un servicio de urgencias. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo, realizado con datos secundarios de pacientes infartados. Resultados: la edad predominante fue entre 50-59 años, siendo en su mayoría hombres, morenos, casados. Se encontraban afectados de infarto con elevación del segmento ST, presentaban dolor torácico, eran hipertensos, diabéticos, con sobrepeso/obesidad, además de antecedentes de tabaquismo. Los pacientes infartados presentaban hipertensión arterial al ingreso y durante la hospitalización requirieron fármacos vasoactivos y soporte de oxígeno. El principal tratamiento utilizado fue el uso de fibrinolíticos, con resultado de traslado a hospitales de cardiología. Conclusión: Existe la necesidad de mejorar e intensificar la prevención de los factores de riesgo, desarrollar protocolos y contar con recursos capaces de brindar una atención adecuada(AU)


Assuntos
Fatores de Risco , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Infarto do Miocárdio
17.
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med ; 24: 80, 2016 Jun 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27250249

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: National Early Warning Score (NEWS) was designed to detect deteriorating patients in hospital wards, specifically those at increased risk of ICU admission, cardiac arrest, or death within 24 h. NEWS is not validated for use in Emergency Departments (ED), but emerging data suggest it may be useful. A criticism of NEWS is that patients with chronic poor oxygenation, e.g. severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), will have elevated NEWS also in the absence of acute deterioration, possibly reducing the predictive power of NEWS in this subgroup. We wanted to prospectively evaluate the usefulness of NEWS in unselected adult patients emergently presenting in a Norwegian ED with respiratory distress as main symptom. METHODS: In respiratory distressed patients, NEWS was calculated on ED arrival, after 2-4 h, and the next day. Manchester Triage Scale (MTS) category, age, gender, comorbidity (ASA score), ICU-admission, ventilatory support, and discharge diagnoses were noted. Survival status was tracked for >90 days through the Population Registry. Data are medians (25-75th percentiles). Factors predicting 90-day survival were analysed with multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: We included 246 patients; 71 years old (60-80), 89 % home-dwelling, 74 % ASA 3-4, 72 % MTS 1-2, 88 % admitted to hospital. NEWS on arrival was 5 (3-7). NEWS correlated closely with MTS category and maximum in-hospital level of care (ED, ward, high-dependency unit, ICU). Sixteen patients died in-hospital, 26 died after discharge within 90 days. Controlled for age, ASA score, and COPD, a higher NEWS on ED arrival predicted poorer 90-day survival. Increased NEWS also correlated with decreased 30-day- and in-hospital survival and a decreased probability for home-dwelling patients to be discharged directly home. DISCUSSION: In respiratory distressed patients, NEWS on ED arrival correlated closely with triage category and need of ICU admission and predicted long-term out-of-hospital survival controlled for age, comorbidity, and COPD. CONCLUSIONS: NEWS should be explored in the ED setting to determine its role in clinical decision-making and in communication along the acute care chain.


Assuntos
Cuidados Críticos/organização & administração , Dispneia/diagnóstico , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Triagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença Aguda , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Dispneia/mortalidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Mortalidade Hospitalar/tendências , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo
18.
BMJ Open ; 6(2): e009030, 2016 Feb 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26916687

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The high volume of emergency admissions to hospital is a challenge for health systems internationally. Patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are frequently admitted to hospital as emergency cases. While the frequency of emergency admission has been investigated, few studies report patient experiences, particularly in relation to the decision-making process prior to emergency admission. We sought to explore patient and carer experiences and those of their healthcare professionals in the period leading up to emergency admission to hospital. SETTING: 3 UK hospitals located in different urban and rural settings. DESIGN: Qualitative critical incident study. PARTICIPANTS: 24 patients with advanced lung cancer and 15 with advanced COPD admitted to hospital as emergencies, 20 of their carers and 50 of the health professionals involved in the patients' care. RESULTS: The analysis of patient, carer and professionals' interviews revealed a detailed picture of the complex processes involved leading to emergency admission to hospital. 3 phases were apparent in this period: self-management of deteriorating symptoms, negotiated decision-making and letting go. These were dynamic processes, characterised by an often rapidly changing clinical condition, uncertainty and anxiety. Patients considered their options drawing on experience, current and earlier advice. Patients tried to avoid admission, reluctantly accepting it, albeit often with a sense of relief, as anxiety increased with worsening symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with advanced respiratory illness, and their carers, try to avoid emergency admission, and use logical and complex decision-making before reluctantly accepting it. Clinicians and policy-makers need to understand this complex process when considering how to reduce emergency hospital admissions rather than focusing on identifying and labelling admissions as 'inappropriate'.


Assuntos
Cuidadores/psicologia , Tomada de Decisões , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitalização , Neoplasias Pulmonares/psicologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/psicologia , Ansiedade , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Apoio Social , Reino Unido
19.
Rev. Baiana Enferm. (Online) ; 35: e43433, 2021. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1347106

RESUMO

Objetivo: descrever vivências de enfermeiros e médicos de Unidades de Pronto Atendimento no enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com sete médicos e sete enfermeiros atuantes em duas Unidades de Pronto Atendimento, referência para Covid-19. As entrevistas ocorreram entre setembro e novembro de 2020 e foram guiadas por questionário semiestruturado. Os depoimentos foram gravados, transcritos e submetidos a Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: surgiram duas categorias de análise: "A gente se sente esgotado": a vivência de enfermeiros e médicos e Estratégias para enfrentar os percalços no contexto da pandemia. Considerações finais: os profissionais vivenciaram diversos desafios, como falta de protocolo institucional, falta de estrutura física, material, recursos humanos e capacitação, dificuldade para sensibilizar a população e preocupação de contaminar-se e contaminar a família. Entretanto, apoiaram-se em diferentes estratégias, como autoisolamento preventivo, apoio familiar, troca de experiências com outros profissionais e manter-se atualizado sobre a doença.


Objetivo: describir las experiencias de enfermeros y médicos de Unidades de Urgencias en el enfrentamiento de la pandemia de Covid-19. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo, realizado con siete médicos y siete enfermeros que trabajan en dos Unidades de Urgencias, referencia para Covid-19. Las entrevistas tuvieron lugar entre septiembre y noviembre de 2020 y se guiaron por un cuestionario semiestructurado. Las declaraciones fueron grabadas, transcritas y sometidas a Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías de análisis: "Nos sentimos agotados": la experiencia de enfermeros y médicos y Estrategias para enfrentar los percances en el contexto de la pandemia. Consideraciones finales: los profesionales experimentaron varios desafíos, como la falta de protocolo institucional, la falta de estructura física, material, recursos humanos y capacitación, la dificultad para sensibilizar a la población y la preocupación por contaminar a sí mismo y a la familia. Sin embargo, se apoyaron en diferentes estrategias, como el autoaislamiento preventivo, el apoyo familiar, el intercambio de experiencias con otros profesionales y mantenerse al día sobre la enfermedad.


Objective: to describe experiences of nurses and doctors of Emergency Care Units in coping with the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted with seven doctors and seven nurses working in two Emergency Care Units, reference for Covid-19. The interviews took place between September and November 2020 and were guided by a semi-structured questionnaire. The statements were recorded, transcribed and submitted to Content Analysis. Results: two categories of analysis emerged: "We feel exhausted": the experience of nurses and doctors and Strategies to face the mishaps in the pandemic context. Final considerations: the professionals experienced several challenges, such as lack of institutional protocol, lack of physical structure, material, human resources and training, difficulty in sensitizing the population and concern to contaminate oneself and the family. However, they relied on different strategies, such as preventive self-isolation, family support, exchange of experiences with other professionals and keeping up to date on the disease.


Assuntos
Percepção Social , Atenção Secundária à Saúde , Pessoal de Saúde , Pandemias , Médicos , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros
20.
Rev. Baiana Enferm. (Online) ; 35: e43056, 2021. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1347112

RESUMO

Objetivo: analisar a evolução das vítimas de traumatismo cranioencefálico contuso na sala de emergência e identificar fatores independentes para tempo de permanência nesse serviço. Método: coorte prospectiva que incluiu todas as vítimas que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade e foram admitidas entre julho e dezembro de 2017 em hospital referência para trauma. Foi aplicado o Rapid Emergency Medicine Score para identificar a evolução das vítimas até 6 horas após admissão e aplicadas estatísticas descritivas e análise bivariada. Resultados: entre a admissão e 2 horas, foram observadas mudanças desfavoráveis em 35,1% das vítimas, entre 2-4 horas em 13,6% e entre 4-6 horas, em 42,8%; foi observada melhora entre 27% e 28,6% da casuística. Suporte hemodinâmico foi fator independente para tempo de permanência. Conclusão: a evolução desfavorável foi mais frequente entre a admissão e 2 horas e após 4 horas. A maior permanência na sala de emergência ocorreu em vítimas com suporte hemodinâmico.


Objetivo: analizar la evolución de las víctimas de traumatismo craneoencefálico contundente en la sala de urgencias e identificar factores independientes para la duración de la estancia en este servicio. Método: cohorte prospectiva que incluyó a todas las víctimas que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad y estuvieron ingresadas entre julio y diciembre de 2017 en un hospital de referencia por traumatismo. Se aplicó el Rapid Emergency Medicine Score para identificar la evolución de las víctimas hasta 6 horas después del ingreso y se aplicó estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariado. Resultados: entre el ingreso y 2 horas, se observaron cambios desfavorables en 35,1% de las víctimas, entre 2-4 horas en 13,6% y entre 4-6 horas, en 42,8%; se observó mejoría entre el 27% y el 28,6% de la muestra. El soporte hemodinámico fue un factor independiente para la duración de la estancia. Conclusión: la evolución desfavorable fue más frecuente entre el ingreso y 2 horas y después de 4 horas. La estancia más larga en la sala de urgencias ocurrió en víctimas con soporte hemodinámico.


Objective: analyzing the evolution of victims of blunt traumatic brain injury in the emergency room and identifying independent factors for length of stay in this service. Method: a prospective cohort that included all victims who met the eligibility criteria and were admitted between July and December 2017 in a reference hospital for trauma. The Rapid Emergency Medicine Score was applied to identify the evolution of the victims up to 6 hours after admission and descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were applied. Results: between admission and 2 hours, unfavorable changes were observed in 35.1% of the victims, between 2-4 hours in 13.6% and between 4-6 hours, in 42.8%; improvement was observed between 27% and 28.6% of the sample. Hemodynamic support was an independent factor for length of stay. Conclusion: unfavorable evolution was more frequent between admission and 2 hours and after 4 hours. The longest stay in the emergency room occurred in victims with hemodynamic support.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ferimentos e Lesões , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/reabilitação , Tempo de Internação , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Medicina de Emergência
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