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2.
Br J Nurs ; 17(9): s20-3, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18567165

RESUMO

Stones (calculi) in the urinary tract (urolithiasis) or kidney (nephrolithiasis) occur in 5% of the population. The lifetime risk of passing a stone is 8-10%. Men are twice as likely to develop stones, with the first episode occurring before 30 years of age. Stones are caused by the aggregation of crystalline mineral deposits in the urine. Calcium stones are the most common type of stone. Investigations for stone disease include plain X-ray, X-ray with contrast media, ultrasound imaging, and computed tomographic (CT) scanning. Treatment of stones is dependent on the size and location, e.g. lithotripsy is used to break down stones in the ureter or kidney, whereas litholapaxy is used for stones in the bladder that are too large to be passed urethrally. Alpha-blocker medication (e.g. tamsulosin) can facilitate spontaneous passing of a stone. Nurses have a crucial role in assessment, management and provision of discharge advice for patients. Strategies for preventing stones include increasing the urine output (by giving 2-3 litres of fluid per day) and dietary modification, particularly reduction in animal protein and salt content.


Assuntos
Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem , Humanos , Avaliação em Enfermagem , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Cálculos Urinários/química , Cálculos Urinários/diagnóstico , Cálculos Urinários/terapia
3.
Urol Nurs ; 25(6): 427-48, 475, 449, 2005 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16438249

RESUMO

Urolithiasis (urinary tract calculi or stones) and nephrolithiasis (kidney calculi or stones) are well-documented common occurrences in the general population of the United States. The etiology of this disorder is multifactorial and is strongly related to dietary lifestyle habits or practices. Proper management of calculi that occur along the urinary tract includes investigation into causative factors in an effort to prevent recurrences. Urinary calculi or stones are the most common cause of acute ureteral obstruction. Approximately 1 in 1,000 adults in the United States are hospitalized annually for treatment of urinary tract stones, resulting in medical costs of approximately dollar 2 billion per year (Ramello, Vitale, & Marangella, 2000; Tanagho & McAninch, 2004).


Assuntos
Cálculos Renais/diagnóstico , Cálculos Renais/enfermagem , Cálculos Urinários/diagnóstico , Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Cálculos Renais/etiologia , Cálculos Renais/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Risco , Cálculos Urinários/etiologia , Cálculos Urinários/fisiopatologia
4.
AORN J ; 58(5): 961-9, 1993 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8257168

RESUMO

The high cost of laser equipment and the required specialization of staff members make extension of laser lithotripsy to every hospital impractical. At present, in Ontario, laser lithotripsy is available only in Toronto and Kingston, and ESWL is available only in Toronto and London. Laser lithotripsy is a viable alternative to invasive surgical treatment of urinary calculi that are resistant to ESWL. For the suitable candidate, laser lithotripsy is a welcome alternative to an extensive surgical procedure and recovery period. Hospitalization is reduced significantly, and patients can return to work after the calculus and residue have been passed. Patients can be managed safely and effectively, resulting in reduced morbidity and mortality and reduced cost in time and expense to the patient and hospital.


Assuntos
Litotripsia a Laser , Enfermagem de Centro Cirúrgico , Avaliação da Tecnologia Biomédica , Cálculos Urinários/terapia , Segurança de Equipamentos , Humanos , Litotripsia , Litotripsia a Laser/efeitos adversos , Litotripsia a Laser/enfermagem , Saúde Ocupacional , Ontário , Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem
6.
Urol Nurs ; 11(2): 25-7, 1991 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2057782

RESUMO

Laser lithotripsy represents the urologist's newest option in urinary stone management and is fast becoming the procedure of choice when treating calculi. Approximately 400,000 people yearly require treatment for urinary stone disease. 60% pass the calculi spontaneously while 40% require some type of intervention (Dretler, 1988). While the initial cost of the laser is expensive, maintenance cost is relativity low. Therefore, the laser lithotripter becomes a very cost effective tool when compared with other alternatives because of the decreased hospital stay and the absence of significant complications. Adverse effects to the patient are primarily due to the endoscopic procedure and not the laser itself. Additional benefits to the patient include reduced pain and edema, minimal bleeding, no incision and decreased convalescence time.


Assuntos
Terapia a Laser/métodos , Cálculos Urinários/cirurgia , Humanos , Cuidados Intraoperatórios , Terapia a Laser/instrumentação , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem
7.
Br J Nurs ; 10(22): 1452-6, 2001.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11842460

RESUMO

Stones or calculi in the urinary tract affect up to 12% of men and 5% of women by the age of 70 years, with more than a third of individuals having a strong family history (Unwin, 1996). Complications include obstruction in the urinary tract, pain, nausea, vomiting and sepsis. Common causes are: urine stasis, infection, presence of foreign bodies, dehydration, diet and periods of immobility. Encouraging initial diuresis could exacerbate rather than relieve symptoms. Discharge advice is a key feature of preventing recurrence once the predisposing factors have been identified. The relationship between patient and nurse is an invaluable and ideal opportunity for nurses to educate patients in appropriately changing dietary habit and in maintaining a urine output of greater than 2 litres per day.


Assuntos
Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva , Fatores de Risco , Cálculos Urinários/complicações , Cálculos Urinários/etiologia
8.
Int J Med Inform ; 82(7): 604-12, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23523383

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We developed a nursing process decision support system (NPDSS) based on three clinical pathways, including benign prostatic hypertrophy, inguinal hernia, and urinary tract stone. NPDSS included six major nursing diagnoses - acute pain, impaired urinary elimination, impaired skin integrity, anxiety, infection risk, and risk of falling. This paper aims to describe the design, development and validation process of the NPDSS. METHODS: We deployed the Delphi method to reach consensus for decision support rules of NPDSS. A team of nine-member expert nurses from a medical center in Taiwan was involved in Delphi method. The Cronbach's α method was used for examining the reliability of the questionnaire used in the Delphi method. The Visual Basic 6.0 as front-end and Microsoft Access 2003 as back-end was used to develop the system. A team of six nursing experts was asked to evaluate the usability of the developed systems. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used for the evaluation. The sensitivity and specificity of NPDSS were validated using 150 nursing chart. RESULTS: The study showed a consistency between the diagnoses of the developed system (NPDSS) and the nursing charts. The sensitivities of the nursing diagnoses including acute pain, impaired urinary elimination, risk of infection, and risk of falling were 96.9%, 98.1%, 94.9%, and 89.9% respectively; and the specificities were 88%, 49.5%, 62%, and 88% respectively. We did not calculate the sensitivity and specificity of impaired skin integrity and anxiety due to non-availability of enough sample size. CONCLUSIONS: NPDSS can help nurses in decision making of nursing diagnoses. Besides, it can help them to generate nursing diagnoses based on patient-specific data, individualized care plans, and implementation within their usual nursing workflow.


Assuntos
Tomada de Decisões , Hérnia Inguinal/enfermagem , Diagnóstico de Enfermagem , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Hiperplasia Prostática/enfermagem , Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem , Feminino , Hérnia Inguinal/diagnóstico , Hérnia Inguinal/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Processo de Enfermagem , Assistência Centrada no Paciente/normas , Hiperplasia Prostática/diagnóstico , Hiperplasia Prostática/terapia , Cálculos Urinários/diagnóstico , Cálculos Urinários/terapia
12.
Urol Nurs ; 22(3): 196, 194, 2002 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12087795
19.
Semin Perioper Nurs ; 10(1): 54-9, 2001 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15129508

RESUMO

Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy is a minimal invasive procedure designed to identify and remove kidney and ureteral stones using a percutaneous tract. Although a radiologist establishes the tract, the preoperative preparation and setup by the circulating nurse and surgical technician establishes appropriate equipment, a safe surgical environment for skin preparation, positioning, draping, and for performing the surgical procedure with a positive patient outcome.


Assuntos
Nefrostomia Percutânea , Humanos , Nefrostomia Percutânea/instrumentação , Nefrostomia Percutânea/métodos , Nefrostomia Percutânea/enfermagem , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Enfermagem de Centro Cirúrgico/métodos , Seleção de Pacientes , Assistência Perioperatória/métodos , Assistência Perioperatória/enfermagem , Postura , Cálculos Urinários/enfermagem , Cálculos Urinários/cirurgia
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