[Effectiveness of nonachlazine in ischemic heart disease under ambulatory conditions]. / Izuchenie éffektivnosti nonakhlazina v ambulatornykh usloviiakh pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

The efficacy of nonachlazine given in a daily dose of 90--180 mg was studied in 82 out-patients with ischemic heart disease. The drug had no marked effect on the frequency of angina pectoris attacks and the number of times that nitroglycerin had to be taken; no essential changes were noted in the pulse rate and arterial pressure level. A certain increase in the tolerance to physical loan was found. The authors emphasize that in evaluating the effect of a drug on ischemic heart disease, it is necessary to take into account the cyclic course of the disease and the effect of nonmedicamentous factors (weather changes, temporary incapacity for work, etc). The authors do not confirm the conclusion of other researchers who claim that a daily dose of 90--180 mg of nonachlazine is highly effective.

[Pharmacological and clinical study of the liquid drug form of nonachlazine]. / Farmakologicheskoe i klinicheskoe issledovanie zhidkoi lekarstvennoi formy nonakhlazina.

A 1.5% nonachlazin solution containing substances which promote its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract increases coronary blood flow in cats 2--3 minutes after its administration into the stomach. After single administration this solution arrests a developing attack of angina pectoris in patients, improves the findings of spiroergometry, and in regular (3 times daily) medication prevents attacks of angina pectoris or makes them occurs less frequently in the very first 24 hours. The solution is most effective in patients with a high or moderate coronary reserve and affection of one or, in a lesser degree, of two coronary arteries. The solution does not cause a drop in arterial pressure, headache or dizziness.

[Use of beta 1-adrenostimulants in circulatory failure in patients with chronic inflammatory lung diseases]. / Primenenie beta 1-adrenostimuliatorov pri nedostatochnosti krovoobrashcheniia u bol'nykh s khronicheskimi vospalitel'nymi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

In 34 patients with chronic cor pulmonale, the drugs from a group of beta-adrenostimulants, nonachlazinum and oxyphedrinum, were tested for effects on their hemodynamics, pulmonary ventilation function, blood gas composition and acid-base balance. In patients with circulatory failure due to lung diseases, nonachlazinum and oxyphedrinum were found to exert a pronounced positive intropic action, to contribute to an increase in cardiac output. The agents may be included into the multimodality therapy of patients with decompensated chronic cor pulmonale.

[Mechanism of the effect of anti-angina drugs with adrenergic beta receptor agonist action on the collateral hemodynamics and redistribution of the blood flow in chronic myocardial ischemia]. / K mekhanizmu vliianiia antianginal'nykh sredstv s beta-adrenostimuliruiushchim komponentom deistviia na kollateral'nuiu gemodinamiku i pereraspredelenie krovotoka pri khronicheskoi ishemii miokarda.

The experiments on dogs showed that in chronic myocardial ischaemia nonachlasine raising the retrograde arterial pressure and increasing the retrograde blood inflow to the ischaemic focus exerts a positive influence on the collateral cardiac haemodynamics. Raising the tonus of the coronary vessels in the intact regions of the myocardium to a greater extent than in the ischaemic region, nonachlasine redistributes the bloodflow to the advantage of the ischaemic zone. Oxyphedrin, decreasing of the ischaemic zone. Oxyphedrin, decreasing the tonus of the coronaries, especially in the intact areas of the myocardium, elicits the syndrome of "stealing" the zone of ischaemia.

[Effect of nonachlazine on ATP, ADP, and lactic acid concentration in intact and ischemic myocardium]. / Vliianie nonakhlazina na soderzhanie ATF, ADF, molochnoi kisloty v intaktnom i ishemizirovannom miokarde.

It has been shown that nonachlazin in a dose of 6 mg/kg injected intravenously to cats 15 minutes after occlusion of the left descending coronary artery produced a 42% decrease in the content of lactic acid in the left heart ventricle as compared to its content in ischemic myocardium. Nonachlazin brought to normal the content of ATP that had been decreased under acute myocardial ischemia. Concurrent recording of ECG readings showed them to be improved. The parameters studied did not change in the animals with intact myocardium after the drug administration. It is suggested that the favourable clinical effect seen is accounted for by nonachlazin-activated glycolysis and oxidative mitochondrial phosphorylation in the myocardium.

[Nonachlazine in solution as an arresting agent in stenocardiac attacks]. / Nonakhlazin v rastvore kak sredstvo kupirovaniia pristupov stenokardii.

Nonachlazine infused in the form of a solution penetrates rapidly the blood and organs. In experiments on cats it was shown that infusion of the drug into the stomach enriches the speed of blood flow and oxyhemoglobin amount in the coronary sinus blood after 2--3 minutes. Heart oxygen consumption increases slightly. Nonachlazine solution is little toxic. As a result of pharmacological research it is recommended for removing angina pectoris attacks in patients irresponsive to nitroglycerin.

[Effect of nonachlazine and oxyphedrin on a focus of myocardial ischemia]. / Vliianie nonakhlazina i oksifedrina na ochag ishemii miokarda.

In experimental angina pectoris of dogs developed by Sze-keres et al, 1976, and modified by the authors it was shown that nonachlazine in doses of 3 and 5 mg/kg decreased or even completely prevented the ST segment elevation on the epicardial electrogram from the focus of myocardial ischemia. Oxyphedrine in doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 0,3 mg/kg had no such effect. In doses of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg the drug aggravated the epicardial electrogram.

[Mechanism of action of nonachlazine and ethmozine on the cardiac blood supply in acute myocardial ischemia]. / K mekhanizmu deistviia nonakhlazina i étmozina na krovosnabzhenie serdtsa pri ostroi ishemii miokarda.

In anesthetized cats, intravenous administration of nonachlazin (1 and 6 mg/kg) and ethmozine (2 and 5 mg/kg) led, 5 minutes after ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, to the increased blood outflow from the coronary sinus and to a less marked elevation of myocardial oxygen consumption. The coronarodilatory effect of the drugs fell in the presence of a preliminary injection of the sympatholytic octadin (25 mg/kg intraperitoneally), atropine (0.5 mg/kg intravenously), alpha-adrenoblocker dihydroergotoxin (2 mg/kg intravenously), and beta-adrenoblocker obsidan (0.5 mg/kg intravenously). Nonachlazin and ethmozine decreased the pituitrin-induced (2 ED/kg intravenously) spasm of the coronary vessels of the affected heart.

[Possibility of the pharmacologic treatment of post-ischemic myocardial damage]. / Vozmozhnost' farmakologicheskogo vozdeistviia na postishemicheskoe povrezhdenie miokarda.

The influence of ethacizin and nonachlazin on the size of myocardial necrosis, caused by 1.5-hour partial occlusion of the coronary artery was studied in conscious rabbits. The drugs were administered for 3 days, after the blood supply in the ischemic zones had been recovered. Ethacizin had a more pronounced effect, as compared to nonachlazin. The data obtained suggest that in the case of isochemic heart disease pharmacotherapy can be used not only for the prevention and arrest of anginal attacks, but also for the treatment of postischemic cardiac lesions.

[Effect of antianginal agents with a beta-adrenostimulating component of their action on the ischemic myocardium]. / Vliianie antianginal'nykh sredstv s beta-adrenostimuliruiushchim komponentom deistviia na ishemizirovannyi miokard.

Experiments on dogs with acute coronary insufficiency were made to show that nonachlazine in doses of 3 and 5 mg/kg considerably reduces or even prevents the rise of S-T segment on the epicardial electrogram depending on the intensity of ischemia. Hydroxyfedrine in doses of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg deteriorates the electrogram. Nonachlazine prevents an increase in the content of lactate and in the lactate/pyruvate ratio in the blood outflowing from the focus of ischemia. On the contrary, hydroxyfedrine raises the characteristics in question. Nonachlazine improves blood supply of the ischemized myocardium, increases the retrograde coronary blood flow and redistributes blood in favour of the affected myocardial area. Hydroxyfedrine lowers the retrograde blood supply of the area of ischemia and redistributes blood in favour of the unaffected areas of the heart.

[Effect of nonachlazine on systemic hemodynamics and the collateral coronary circulation in acute myocardial ischemia]. / Vliianie nonakhlazina na sistemnuiu gemodinamiku i kollateral'noe koronarnoe krovoobrashchenie pri ostroi ishemii miokarda.

Systemic hemodynamics (thermodilution), retrograde coronary blood flow, oxygen tension and bioelectric activity of the myocardium were examined in dog experiments to show that nonachlazin produces an intensive and long-lasting increase in the collateral blood flow to the zone of acute myocardial ischemia and in the pressure in the ligated venous artery. Concurrently it elevates oxygen tension in the affected part of the heart. The cardiostimulant effect of the drug was associated with augmentation of the heart volume on account of an elevated stroke output in the presence of diminished general peripheral vascular resistance.

[Effect of nonachlazine on brain and myocardial noradrenaline content in normal rats and rats subjected to stress]. / Vliianie nonakhlazina na soderzhanie noradrenalina v mozge i miokarde krys v norme i v usloviiakh stressa.

Nonachlazin causes a rapid and significant increase in the noradrenaline content of the rat myocardium and brain stem. The noradrenaline level falls in these tissues under stress reaction induced by immobilization and electric pain stimulation. Nonachlazin pretreatment before stress reaction prevents the decrease of the myocardial noradrenaline level and the development of cardiac ischemic disturbances and arrhythmias (according to the ECG data). However, nonachlazin fails to diminish the noradrenaline level in the brain stem under these conditions.

[Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties of nonachlazine]. / Izuchenie protivovospalitel'nykh, anal'geticheskikh i zharoponizhaiushchikh svoistv nonakhlazine.

Nonachlazin diminishes aseptic inflammation provoked by subplantar administration of carrageenin to rats. Nonachlazin increases the sensitivity pain threshold of the rat paw affected by carrageenin-induced inflammation, decreases the reaction of mice to intraperitoneal injection of phenylchinoin, and the ability of the rabbit central nervous system for impulse summation. Nonachlazin prevents carrageenin-induced temperature rise in rats.

[Mechanisms of the hemodynamic effects of nonachlazine in ischemic heart disease patients]. / K voprosu o mekhanizmakh gemodinamicheskikh éffektov nonakhlazina u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

During course therapy with nonachlazine of patients with ischemic heart disease, stable angina pectoris a negative inotropic effect of the drug in persons with eukinetic and in particular hyperkinetic type of hemodynamics was revealed. Enhancement of beta-adrenoblocking effect of nonachlazine with an increase of its daily dose was found. Nonachlazine effect on hemodynamic parameters was shown to be mediated through adrenoreactive structures.