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The changing landscape of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Australia: a population-level genomic study.
Lee, Robyn S; Gonçalves da Silva, Anders; Baines, Sarah L; Strachan, Janet; Ballard, Susan; Carter, Glen P; Kwong, Jason C; Schultz, Mark B; Bulach, Dieter M; Seemann, Torsten; Stinear, Timothy P; Howden, Benjamin P.
Affiliation
  • Lee RS; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Gonçalves da Silva A; Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Level 5, Boston, MA, USA.
  • Baines SL; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Strachan J; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Ballard S; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Carter GP; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Kwong JC; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Schultz MB; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Bulach DM; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Seemann T; The Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Stinear TP; Melbourne Bioinformatics Group, Lab-14, 700 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
  • Howden BP; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Level 1, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Antimicrob Chemother ; 73(12): 3268-3278, 2018 12 01.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30189014
Background: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) represent a major source of nosocomial infection worldwide. In Australia, there has been a recent concerning increase in bacteraemia associated with the vanA genotype, prompting investigation into the genomic epidemiology of VREfm. Methods: A population-level study of VREfm (10 November-9 December 2015) was conducted. A total of 321 VREfm isolates (from 286 patients) across Victoria State were collected and sequenced with Illumina NextSeq. SNPs were used to assess relatedness. STs and genes associated with resistance and virulence were identified. The vanA-harbouring plasmid from an isolate from each ST was assembled using long-read data. Illumina reads from remaining isolates were then mapped to these assemblies to identify their probable vanA-harbouring plasmid. Results: vanA-VREfm comprised 17.8% of isolates. ST203, ST80 and a pstS(-) clade, ST1421, predominated (30.5%, 30.5% and 37.2%, respectively). Most vanB-VREfm were ST796 (77.7%). vanA-VREfm were more closely related within hospitals versus between them [core SNPs 10 (IQR 1-357) versus 356 (179-416), respectively], suggesting discrete introductions of vanA-VREfm, with subsequent intra-hospital transmission. In contrast, vanB-VREfm had similar core SNP distributions within versus between hospitals, due to widespread dissemination of ST796. Different vanA-harbouring plasmids were found across STs. With the exception of ST78 and ST796, Tn1546 transposons also varied. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Australian strains were often interspersed with those from other countries, suggesting ongoing cross-continental transmission. Conclusions: Emerging vanA-VREfm in Australia is polyclonal, indicating repeat introductions of vanA-VREfm into hospitals and subsequent dissemination. The close relationship to global strains reinforces the need for ongoing screening and control of VREfm in Australia and abroad.
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Full text: 1 Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Enterococcus faecium / Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Type of study: Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Oceania Language: En Journal: J Antimicrob Chemother Year: 2018 Type: Article Affiliation country: Australia
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Full text: 1 Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Enterococcus faecium / Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Type of study: Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Oceania Language: En Journal: J Antimicrob Chemother Year: 2018 Type: Article Affiliation country: Australia