Seasonal human coronavirus antibodies are boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection but not associated with protection.
Cell
; 184(7): 1858-1864.e10, 2021 04 01.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33631096
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread within the human population. Although SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, most humans had been previously exposed to other antigenically distinct common seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, we quantified levels of SARS-CoV-2-reactive antibodies and hCoV-reactive antibodies in serum samples collected from 431 humans before the COVID-19 pandemic. We then quantified pre-pandemic antibody levels in serum from a separate cohort of 251 individuals who became PCR-confirmed infected with SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we longitudinally measured hCoV and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the serum of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Our studies indicate that most individuals possessed hCoV-reactive antibodies before the COVID-19 pandemic. We determined that â¼20% of these individuals possessed non-neutralizing antibodies that cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins. These antibodies were not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections or hospitalizations, but they were boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Key words
Full text:
1
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Alphacoronavirus
/
Betacoronavirus
/
COVID-19
/
Antibodies, Viral
Type of study:
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Animals
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Newborn
Language:
En
Journal:
Cell
Year:
2021
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States