The interaction between PDCD4 and YB1 is critical for cervical cancer stemness and cisplatin resistance.

ABSTRACT

Cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) is existence in stem cell-like cancer cells characterized by stemness including high-proliferation and self-renewal. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), as a proapoptotic gene, whether it engaged in cancer stemness and cisplatin resistance is still unknown. Here we showed that PDCD4 expressions in Hela/DDP (cisplatin resistance) cells were lower than in parental Hela cells. Moreover, the levels of drug resistance genes and typical stemness markers were markedly elevated in Hela/DDP cells. In vivo, xenograft tumor assay confirmed that knockdown of PDCD4 accelerated the grafted tumor growth. In vitro, colony formation and MTT assay demonstrated that PDCD4 overexpression inhibited cells proliferation in conditions with or without cisplatin. By contrast, PDCD4 deficiency provoked cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance. On mechanism, PDCD4 decreased the protein levels of pAKT and pYB1, accompanied by reduced MDR1 expression. Correspondingly, luciferase reporter assay showed PDCD4 regulated MDR1 promoter activity entirely relied on YB1. Furthermore, Ch-IP, GST-pulldown, and Co-IP assays provided novel evidence that PDCD4 could directly bind with YB1 by the nucleolar localization signal (NOLS) segment, causing the reduced YB1 binding into the MDR1 promoter region through blocking YB1 nucleus translocation, triggering the decreased MDR1 transcription. Taken together, PDCD4-pAKT-pYB1 forms the integrated molecular network to regulate MDR1 transcription during the process of stemness-associated cisplatin resistance.