Gut mycobiome and metabolic diseases: The known, the unknown, and the future.
Pharmacol Res
; 193: 106807, 2023 07.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37244385
ABSTRACT
Metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity, have become a major public health problem worldwide. In recent years, most research on the role of gut microbes in metabolic diseases has focused on bacteria, whereas fungal microbes have been neglected. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of gut fungal alterations in T2DM, obesity, and NAFLD, and to discuss the mechanisms associated with disease development. In addition, several novel strategies targeting gut mycobiome and/or their metabolites to improve T2DM, obesity and NAFLD, including fungal probiotics, antifungal drugs, dietary intervention, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are critically discussed. The accumulated evidence suggests that gut mycobiome plays an important role in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. The possible mechanisms by which the gut mycobiome affects metabolic diseases include fungal-induced immune responses, fungal-bacterial interactions, and fungal-derived metabolites. Candida albicans, Aspergillus and Meyerozyma may be potential pathogens of metabolic diseases because they can activate the immune system and/or produce harmful metabolites. Moreover, Saccharomyces boulardii, S. cerevisiae, Alternaria, and Cochliobolus fungi may have the potential to improve metabolic diseases. The information may provide an important reference for the development of new therapeutics for metabolic diseases based on gut mycobiome.
Key words
Full text:
1
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
/
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome
/
Mycobiome
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Pharmacol Res
Journal subject:
FARMACOLOGIA
Year:
2023
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China