Intact proviruses are enriched in the colon and associated with PD-1+TIGIT- mucosal CD4+ T cells of people with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy.
EBioMedicine
; 100: 104954, 2024 Feb.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38160480
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The persistence of intact replication-competent HIV-1 proviruses is responsible for the virological rebound off treatment. The gut could be a major reservoir of HIV-1 due to the high number of infected target cells.METHODS:
We collected blood samples and intestinal biopsies (duodenum, ileum, colon) from 42 people with HIV-1 receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. We used the Intact Proviral DNA Assay to estimate the frequency of intact HIV-1 proviruses in the blood and in the intestinal mucosa of these individuals. We analyzed the genetic complexity of the HIV-1 reservoir by performing single-molecule next-generation sequencing of HIV-1 env DNA. The activation/exhaustion profile of mucosal T lymphocytes was assessed by flow cytometry.FINDINGS:
Intact proviruses are particularly enriched in the colon. Residual HIV-1 transcription in the gut is associated with persistent mucosal and systemic immune activation. The HIV-1 intestinal reservoir appears to be shaped by the proliferation of provirus-hosting cells. The genetic complexity of the viral reservoir in the colon is positively associated with TIGIT expression but negatively with PD-1, and inversely related to its intact content. The size of the intact reservoir in the colon is associated with PD-1+TIGIT- mucosal CD4+ T cells, particularly in CD27+ memory cells, whose proliferation and survival could contribute to the enrichment of the viral reservoir by intact proviruses.INTERPRETATION:
Enrichment in intact proviruses makes the gut a key compartment for HIV-1 persistence on antiretroviral therapy.FUNDING:
This project was supported by grants from the ANRS-MIE (ANRS EP61 GALT), Sidaction, and the Institut Universitaire de France.Key words
Full text:
1
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
HIV Infections
/
HIV-1
/
HIV Seropositivity
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
EBioMedicine
Year:
2024
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
France