Hypoxic adaptation of mitochondria and its impact on tumor cell function.
Semin Cancer Biol
; 100: 28-38, 2024 May.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38556040
ABSTRACT
Mitochondria are the major sink for oxygen in the cell, consuming it during ATP production. Therefore, when environmental oxygen levels drop in the tumor, significant adaptation is required. Mitochondrial activity is also a major producer of biosynthetic precursors and a regulator of cellular oxidative and reductive balance. Because of the complex biochemistry, mitochondrial adaptation to hypoxia occurs through multiple mechanisms and has significant impact on other cellular processes such as macromolecule synthesis and gene regulation. In tumor hypoxia, mitochondria shift their location in the cell and accelerate the fission and quality control pathways. Hypoxic mitochondria also undergo significant changes to fundamental metabolic pathways of carbon metabolism and electron transport. These metabolic changes further impact the nuclear epigenome because mitochondrial metabolites are used as enzymatic substrates for modifying chromatin. This coordinated response delivers physiological flexibility and increased tumor cell robustness during the environmental stress of low oxygen.
Key words
Full text:
1
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Hypoxia
/
Mitochondria
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Semin Cancer Biol
Journal subject:
NEOPLASIAS
Year:
2024
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States