Preservation of naive-phenotype CD4+ T cells after vaccination contributes to durable immunity.
JCI Insight
; 9(14)2024 Jun 11.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38861490
ABSTRACT
Memory T cells are conventionally associated with durable recall responses. In our longitudinal analyses of CD4+ T cell responses to the yellow fever virus (YFV) vaccine by peptide-MHC tetramers, we unexpectedly found CD45RO-CCR7+ virus-specific CD4+ T cells that expanded shortly after vaccination and persisted months to years after immunization. Further phenotypic analyses revealed the presence of stem cell-like memory T cells within this subset. In addition, after vaccination T cells lacking known memory markers and functionally resembling genuine naive T cells were identified, referred to herein as marker-negative T (TMN) cells. Single-cell TCR sequencing detected expanded clonotypes within the TMN subset and identified TMN TCRs shared with memory and effector T cells. Longitudinal tracking of YFV-specific responses over subsequent years revealed superior stability of TMN cells, which correlated with the longevity of the overall tetramer+ population. These findings uncover additional complexity within the post-immune T cell compartment and implicate TMN cells in durable immune responses.
Key words
Full text:
1
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
/
Vaccination
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Yellow Fever Vaccine
/
Memory T Cells
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
JCI Insight
Year:
2024
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States