Outcomes of Micropulse Laser Trabeculoplasty Compared to Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To perform a meta-analysis and systematic review to compare the efficacy and complications of micropulse laser trabeculoplasty (MLT) and selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in adult patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). Methods: We performed a systematic review utilizing PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, on April 8, 2024. Meta-analyses were performed for the mean change in intraocular pressure (IOP) at one-month, six-month, and one-year follow-up visits, rate of IOP spikes (>5 mmHg increase from the pre-procedure baseline IOP), rate of treatment failure (<20% or <3 mmHg reduction in IOP or requiring additional medications or procedures), and mean change in number of medications. Results: Six studies, with a total of 593 eyes, were included 283 underwent MLT, while 310 underwent SLT. A statistically significant difference in the efficacy of MLT versus SLT at one-month and six-month follow-ups was present, with SLT reducing IOP by 0.83 mmHg (95% CI 0.20, 1.47; P = 0.01) more and 0.55 mmHg (95% CI 0.02, 1.08; P = 0.04) more than MLT, respectively. At the one-year follow-up, there was no significant disparity in IOP reduction between SLT and MLT (WMD = 0.16; 95% CI -0.40, 0.71; P = 0.58). There was a significantly lower rate of IOP spikes in the MLT treatment group (RR = 0.37; 95% CI 0.16, 0.89; P = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of treatment failures (RR = 1.05; 95% CI 0.68, 1.62; P = 0.84) or number of topical medications reduced (WMD = 0.06; 95% CI -0.13, 0.26; P = 0.53). Conclusion: While SLT may offer greater short-term reductions in IOP, it may be associated with more postoperative IOP spikes when compared to MLT. At one-year follow-up, there were no significant differences in IOP reduction or failure rates between the MLT and SLT groups.