Relação entre diabetes e doença de Alzheimer: mecanismos fisiopatológicos comuns, meios de diagnóstico e uso de antidiabéticos / Relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: common pathophysiological mechanisms, means of diagnosis, and use of antidiabetics
Both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease are worldwide healthdiseases, affecting hundreds of millions of people, especially those living in developed countries. Recent studies indicate that these two diseases have a certain connection, sharing some pathophysiological mechanisms. This dissertation intends to study the possible association between diabetes and the Alzheimer's disease through the existence of pathophysiological mechanisms that are common between them, as well common biomarkers to both of them. It is also wanted to observe the potential for the use of antidiabetic drugs in the therapeutics of the Alzheimer's disease. The present work is a narrative literaturereview that references the mechanisms and biomarkers that are common to both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, as well the potential use of antidiabetic drugs in the therapeutics of the Alzheimer's disease. An exhaustive search was carried out, following a previous protocol, in the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, using descriptors validated in MESH terms, including articles published up to a period of ten years, in Portuguese and English and meeting the criteria of eligibility, in the sense of being included in the review. The 28 obtained articles were observed as having favorable results for the confirmation of the potential association between the diabetes and the Alzheimer's disease. It was possible to observe pathophysiological mechanisms and biomarkers that are common between the two diseases, as well to establish a potential for the use of antidiabetic drugs in the therapeutics of the Alzheimer's disease. However, it is above all necessary to develop further studies, especially regarding the last topic.