Long-term results of chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer, using daily low-dose 5-fluorouracil and cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum (CDDP).

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of radiation combined with daily, low-dose protracted chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer. METHODS: We analyzed data for 68 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, including 18 surgical candidates. Standard fractionation (total dose range, 60 to 70 Gy) was used for radiotherapy. The chemotherapy consisted of a daily 5-fluorouracil dose of 250 mg/m2, with a cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum dose of 3 mg/m2 administered on radiotherapy days. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients (94%) received at least 60 Gy. Grade 3 acute hematological toxicity was observed in 13 (19%) patients; there was no grade 4 hematological toxicity. Complete response, partial response, no change, and progressive disease were obtained in 22, 35, 7, and 4 patients, respectively. Minimum follow-up for surviving patients was 45 months. Locoregional progression-free rates at 3 and 5 years were 47% and 47%. Four patients died of late cardiac toxicity; the primary site for all 4 patients was the middle thoracic esophagus. Overall survival rates at 2, 3, and 5 years were 40%, 32%, and 20%. The 3- and 5-year survival rates in patients with T2-3M0 disease were 43% and 27%, and the rates were 24% and 15% in patients with T4/M1. CONCLUSION: Given the large proportion of patients in this study with inoperable disease (roughly three quarters), our treatment seemed to provide equivalent efficacy and less hematological toxicity than standard-dose chemoradiotherapy.