Genetics of complex traits: prediction of phenotype, identification of causal polymorphisms and genetic architecture.
Proc Biol Sci
; 283(1835)2016 07 27.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27440663
ABSTRACT
Complex or quantitative traits are important in medicine, agriculture and evolution, yet, until recently, few of the polymorphisms that cause variation in these traits were known. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), based on the ability to assay thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have revolutionized our understanding of the genetics of complex traits. We advocate the analysis of GWAS data by a statistical method that fits all SNP effects simultaneously, assuming that these effects are drawn from a prior distribution. We illustrate how this method can be used to predict future phenotypes, to map and identify the causal mutations, and to study the genetic architecture of complex traits. The genetic architecture of complex traits is even more complex than previously thought in almost every trait studied there are thousands of polymorphisms that explain genetic variation. Methods of predicting future phenotypes, collectively known as genomic selection or genomic prediction, have been widely adopted in livestock and crop breeding, leading to increased rates of genetic improvement.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Fenotipo
/
Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple
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Estudios de Asociación Genética
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Modelos Genéticos
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Proc Biol Sci
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA
Año:
2016
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Australia