Aflatoxin B1: A review on metabolism, toxicity, occurrence in food, occupational exposure, and detoxification methods.
Food Chem Toxicol
; 124: 81-100, 2019 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30468841
ABSTRACT
Aflatoxins are a class of carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus fungi and are known to contaminate a large portion of the world's food supply. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent of these compounds and has been well-characterized to lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in humans and animals. This review focuses on the metabolism of AFB1, including epoxidation and DNA adduction, as it concerns the initiation of cancer and the underlying mechanisms. The link between AFB1 consumption and HCC is also discussed including synergistic interactions with the hepatitis B virus. Toxic effects of AFB1, including growth suppression, malnutrition, and immunomodulation, are also covered. This review also describes recent reports of AFB1 occurrence in global food supplies and exposures in occupational settings. Furthermore, a summary of recent detoxification methods is included to indicate the present state of the field in developing aflatoxin control methods. This information shows that AFB1 occurs frequently in food supplies at high concentrations, particularly in maize. Regarding detoxification methods, chemical control methods were the fastest methods that still retained high detoxification efficacy. The information presented here highlights the need to implement new and/or existing detoxification methods to reduce the global burden of AFB1 toxicity.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Carcinógenos
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Aflatoxina B1
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular
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Carcinogénesis
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Neoplasias Hepáticas
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
Límite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Food Chem Toxicol
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article