Transfer RNA-Derived Small RNAs: Another Layer of Gene Regulation and Novel Targets for Disease Therapeutics.
Mol Ther
; 28(11): 2340-2357, 2020 11 04.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32956625
ABSTRACT
Decades after identification as essential for protein synthesis, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) have been implicated in various cellular processes beyond translation. tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), referred to as tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) or tRNA-derived, stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs), are produced by cleavage at different sites from mature or pre-tRNAs. They are classified into six major types representing potentially thousands of unique sequences and have been implicated to play a wide variety of regulatory roles in maintaining normal homeostasis, cancer cell viability, tumorigenesis, ribosome biogenesis, chromatin remodeling, translational regulation, intergenerational inheritance, retrotransposon regulation, and viral replication. However, the detailed mechanisms governing these processes remain unknown. Aberrant expression of tsRNAs is found in various human disease conditions, suggesting that a further understanding of the regulatory role of tsRNAs will assist in identifying novel biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets, and gene-regulatory tools. Here, we highlight the classification, biogenesis, and biological role of tsRNAs in regulatory mechanisms of normal and disease states.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
ARN de Transferencia
/
ARN Pequeño no Traducido
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mol Ther
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
TERAPEUTICA
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article