Jiangnan dietary pattern actively prevents muscle mass loss: Based on a cohort study.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The proportion of sarcopenia in the elderly is very high, although muscle mass loss before sarcopenia covers a wider population. The present study aimed to analyse the effects of different dietary patterns on muscle mass. METHODS: In both 2015 and 2018, using multilayer random sampling, the same participants were selected, and the same questionnaires and machines were used. RESULTS: In total, 502 participants were selected. The >65-year-old group showed maximum muscle mass loss in males and females (-1.53 kg ± 4.42 and -1.14 kg ± 2.6 on average, respectively). The cumulative variance of four dietary patterns reached 52.28%. Logistical regression revealed significant differences between 'Jiangnan Dietary' groups Q2 vs. Q1 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.356, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.202-0.629]; Q3 vs. Q1 (OR = 0.457, 95% CI = 0.262-0.797). Relative influence factors for muscle mass loss were age (>65 vs. <45, OR = 2.027, 95% CI = 1.117-3.680), physical activity (OR = 0.550, 95% CI = 0.315-0.960), income (high vs. low, OR = 0.413, 95% CI = 0.210 -0.810), sex (female vs. male, OR = 0.379, 95% CI = 0.235-0.519). CONCLUSIONS: After 3 years of follow-up, participants' muscle mass declined significantly. The 'Jiangnan Dietary' pattern prevented muscle mass loss and is recommended to the wider population.