Echocardiographic reference intervals for right ventricular indices, including 3-dimensional volume and 2-dimensional strain measurements in healthy dogs.
J Vet Intern Med
; 36(1): 8-19, 2022 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34874066
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There is currently a lack of reference intervals (RIs) for the novel measures like 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography or speckle-tracking strain for assessment of right ventricular (RV) structure and function.OBJECTIVES:
To generate RIs and to determine the influence of age, heart rate, and body weight (BW) on various RV function indices using a dedicated RV software for 3D RV end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), ejection fraction (EF), global and free wall RV longitudinal strain (RVLS), end-diastolic area (RVEDA), end-systolic area (RVESA), fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and tissue Doppler imaging (TVI)-derived systolic myocardial velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (S'). ANIMALS Healthy adult client-owned dogs (n = 211) of various breeds and ages.METHODS:
Prospective study. Reference intervals were estimated as statistical prediction intervals using allometric scaling for BW-dependent variables. Right-sided (upper limit) or left-sided (lower limit) 95% RIs were calculated for every variable. Inter- and intraobserver variability was determined.RESULTS:
Most variables showed clinically acceptable repeatability with coefficient of variation less than 10. Upper or respectively lower RI after allometric scaling to normalize for different BWs were EDVn ≤ 2.5 mL/kg0.942 , ESVn ≤ 1.2 mL/kg0.962 , TAPSEn ≥ 4.5 mm0.285 , RVEDAn ≤ 1.4 cm2 /kg0.665 , RVESAn ≤ 0.8 cm2 /kg0.695 , and TVI S'n ≥ 5.6 cm/s/kg0.186 . The calculated limits for indices without allometric normalization were EF > 42.1%, FAC > 30.0%, free wall RVLS < -20.8%, and global RVLS < -18.3%.CONCLUSIONS:
Echocardiographic RIs for RV structure and function are provided.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Disfunción Ventricular Derecha
/
Enfermedades de los Perros
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Vet Intern Med
Asunto de la revista:
MEDICINA INTERNA
/
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Alemania