A holistic NMR framework to understand environmental impact: Examining the impacts of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in Daphnia magna via imaging, spectroscopy, and metabolomics.
Magn Reson Chem
; 61(12): 728-739, 2023 12.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36137948
ABSTRACT
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are a contaminant of emerging interest, often used in the medical field as an imaging contrast agent, with additional uses in wastewater treatment and as food additives. Although the use of SPIONs is increasing, little research has been conducted on the toxic impacts to living organisms beyond traditional lethal concentration endpoints. Daphnia magna are model organisms for aquatic toxicity testing with a well understood metabolome and high sensitivity to SPIONs. Thus, as environmental concentrations continue to increase, it is becoming critical to understand their sub-lethal toxicity. Due to the paramagnetic nature of SPIONs, a range of potential nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) experiments are possible, offering the potential to probe the physical location (via imaging), binding (via relaxation weighted spectroscopy), and the biochemical pathways impacted (via in vivo metabolomics). Results indicate binding to carbohydrates, likely chitin in the exoskeleton, along with a decrease in energy metabolites and specific biomarkers of oxidative stress. The holistic NMR framework used here helps provide a more comprehensive understanding of SPIONs impacts on D. magna and showcases NMR's versatility in providing physical, chemical, and biochemical insights.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética
/
Daphnia
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Magn Reson Chem
Asunto de la revista:
QUIMICA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Canadá