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One-year anthropometric follow-up of South African preterm infants in kangaroo mother care: Which early-life factors predict malnutrition?
Nel, Sanja; Wenhold, Friede; Botha, Tanita; Feucht, Ute.
Afiliación
  • Nel S; Department of Human Nutrition, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Wenhold F; Fetal, Newborn & Child Health Care Strategies, Kalafong Hospital, University of Pretoria Research Centre for Maternal, Atteridgeville, South Africa.
  • Botha T; South African Medical Research Council (SA MRC) Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies Unit, Kalafong Hospital, Atteridgeville, South Africa.
  • Feucht U; Department of Human Nutrition, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Trop Med Int Health ; 29(4): 292-302, 2024 Apr.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38327260
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Preterm infants often have poor short- and long-term growth. Kangaroo mother care supports short-term growth, but longer-term outcomes are unclear.

METHODS:

This study analysed longitudinally collected routine clinical data from a South African cohort of preterm infants (born <37 weeks gestation) attending the outpatient follow-up clinic of a tertiary-level hospital (Tshwane District, South Africa) for 1 year between 2012 and 2019. At 1 year, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infants were compared with regard to age-corrected anthropometric z-scores (weight-for-age [WAZ], length-for-age [LAZ], weight-for-length [WLZ] and BMI-for-age [BMIZ]) and rates of underweight (WAZ < -2), stunting (LAZ < -2), wasting (WLZ < -2) and overweight (BMIZ> + 2). Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate associations between maternal/infant characteristics and rates of underweight, stunting, wasting and overweight.

RESULTS:

At 1 year, compared with AGA infants (n = 210), SGA infants (n = 111) had lower WAZ (-1.26 ± 1.32 vs. -0.22 ± 1.24, p < 0.001), LAZ (-1.50 ± 1.11 vs. -0.60 ± 1.06, p < 0.001), WLZ (-0.66 ± 1.31 vs. 0.11 ± 1.24, p < 0.001) and BMIZ (-0.55 ± 1.31 vs. 1.06 ± 1.23, p < 0.001), despite larger WAZ gains from birth (+0.70 ± 1.30 vs. +0.05 ± 1.30, p < 0.001). SGA infants had significantly more stunting (34.2% vs. 9.1%; p < 0.001), underweight (31.2% vs. 7.2%; p < 0.001) and wasting (12.6% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.012), with no difference in overweight (4.5% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.397). In multiple regression analysis, birth weight-for-GA z-score more consistently predicted 1-year malnutrition than SGA.

CONCLUSION:

Preterm-born SGA infants remain more underweight, stunted and wasted than their preterm-born AGA peers at 1 year, despite greater WAZ gains. Interventions for appropriate catch-up growth especially for SGA preterm infants are needed.
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Texto completo: 1 Bases de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Desnutrición / Método Madre-Canguro Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Child / Humans / Infant / Newborn País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Trop Med Int Health Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL / SAUDE PUBLICA Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Sudáfrica

Texto completo: 1 Bases de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Desnutrición / Método Madre-Canguro Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Child / Humans / Infant / Newborn País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Trop Med Int Health Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL / SAUDE PUBLICA Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Sudáfrica