Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease incidence and all-cause mortality: the modifying role of diet quality.
BMC Public Health
; 24(1): 1021, 2024 Apr 12.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38609915
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
This study examines the potential long-term joint association between smoking and diet quality as modifiable risk factors concerning cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) incidence and all-cause mortality among current and former smokers.METHODS:
The study followed 955 smokers from the third and fourth examinations of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study to March 2018. Dietary data was collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Three diet quality indices (DQIs) were computed at baseline DQI-international (DQI-I), DQI-revised (DQI-R), and Mediterranean-DQI (Med-DQI). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine the HR (95% CI) of the joint association between smoking and diet quality among heavy and light smokers, based on the number of cigarettes per day and pack-years, as well as between current and former smokers based on smoking habits.RESULTS:
Over a follow-up period of almost eight years, 94 cases of CVDs (9.80%) and 40 cases of mortality (4.20%) were documented. The lower diet quality based on the Med-DQI was associated with a higher risk of mortality among current smokers (HR3.45; 95%CI1.12, 10.57). Light smokers with good diet quality, compared to heavy smokers with poor diet quality, had a lower risk of CVDs incident (HR0.35; 95%CI 0.15, 0.83) and all-cause mortality (HR0.20; 95%CI0.05, 0.77). Current smokers with good DQI had a lower risk of mortality compared to current smokers with poor DQI (HR0.26; 95%CI0.08, 0.80). However, this lower risk was more significant in former smokers with good DQI (HR0.10; 95%CI0.02, 0.45).CONCLUSIONS:
Light and former smokers had a lower risk of developing CVDs and experiencing mortality. However, when coupled with a high-quality diet, this protective effect is even more pronounced.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
/
Fumar Cigarrillos
Límite:
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Public Health
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE PUBLICA
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Irán