Assessment of ID family proteins expression in colorectal cancer of Iraqi patients.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deathly worldwide and third most common cancer, CRC is a very heterogeneous disease where tumors can form by both environmental and genetic risk factors and includes epigenetic and genetic alternations. Inhibitors of DNA binding proteins (ID) are a class of helix-loop-helix transcription regulatory factors; these proteins are considered a family of four highly preserved transcriptional regulators (ID1-4), shown to play significant roles in many processes that are associated with tumor development. ID family plays as negatively dominant antagonists of other essential HLH proteins, concluding the creation of non-functional heterodimers and regulation of the transcription process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 Fresh tissue and blood samples Forty (40) samples of fresh tissue and blood were collected from patients diagnosed with CRC, twenty (20) samples were collected from a patient diagnosed as healthy. The (qRT-PCR) method is a sensitive technique for the quantifying of steady-state mRNA levels that used to evaluation the expression levels of ID (1-4) gene. RESULTS: The findings indicate downregulation in ID1 in tissue with a highly significant change between patients and control groups, where upregulation in the ID1 gene is shown in blood samples.ID2 gene also demonstrated high significant change where show upregulation in tissue and downregulation in blood sample. ID3 and ID4 genes show downregulation in tissue and blood samples with a significant change in ID3 blood samples between patient and blood groups. CONCLUSION: Because of the regulation function of the ID family in many processes, the up or down regulation of IDs genes in tumors Proves how important its tumor development, and therefore those proteins can be used as an indicator for CRC.