A simple meal plan emphasizing healthy food choices is as effective as an exchange-based meal plan for urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Care
; 26(6): 1719-24, 2003 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-12766100
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To compare a simple meal plan emphasizing healthy food choices with a traditional exchange-based meal plan in reducing HbA(1c) levels in urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN ANDMETHODS:
A total of 648 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive instruction in either a healthy food choices meal plan (HFC) or an exchange-based meal plan (EXCH) to compare the impact on glycemic control, weight loss, serum lipids, and blood pressure at 6 months of follow-up. Dietary practices were assessed with food frequency questionnaires.RESULTS:
At presentation, the HFC and EXCH groups were comparable in age (52 years), sex (65% women), weight (94 kg), BMI (33.5), duration of diabetes (4.8 years), fasting plasma glucose (10.5 mmol/l), and HbA(1c) (9.4%). Improvements in glycemic control over 6 months were significant (P < 0.0001) but similar in both groups HbA(1c) decreased from 9.7 to 7.8% with the HFC and from 9.6 to 7.7% with the EXCH. Improvements in HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were comparable in both groups, whereas other lipids and blood pressure were not altered. The HFC and EXCH groups exhibited similar improvement in dietary practices with respect to intake of fats and sugar sweetened foods. Among obese patients, average weight change, the percentage of patients losing weight, and the distribution of weight lost were comparable with the two approaches.CONCLUSIONS:
Medical nutrition therapy is effective in urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Either a meal plan emphasizing guidelines for healthy food choices or a low literacy exchange method is equally effective as a meal planning approach. Because the HFC meal plan may be easier to teach and easier for patients to understand, it may be preferable for low-literacy patient populations.
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Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Negro ou Afro-Americano
/
Educação de Pacientes como Assunto
/
Diabetes Mellitus
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
/
Dieta para Diabéticos
/
Comportamento Alimentar
/
Obesidade
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Guideline
/
Qualitative_research
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Diabetes Care
Ano de publicação:
2003
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos