A novel syndrome of lethal familial hyperekplexia associated with brain malformation.
BMC Neurol
; 12: 125, 2012 Oct 27.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23101555
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Hyperekplexia (HPX) is a rare non-epileptic disorder manifesting immediately after birth with exaggerated persistent startle reaction to unexpected auditory, somatosensory and visual stimuli, and non-habituating generalized flexor spasm in response to tapping of the nasal bridge (glabellar tap) which forms its clinical hallmark. The course of the disease is usually benign with spontaneous amelioration with age. The disorder results from aberrant glycinergic neurotransmission, and several mutations were reported in the genes encoding glycine receptor (GlyR) α1 and ß subunits, glycine transporter GlyT2 as well as two other proteins involved in glycinergic neurotransmission gephyrin and collybistin.METHODS:
The phenotype of six newborns, belonging to Saudi Arabian kindred with close consanguineous marriages, who presented with hyperekplexia associated with severe brain malformation, is described. DNA samples were available from two patients, and homozygosity scan to determine overlap with known hyperkplexia genes was performed.RESULTS:
The kindred consisted of two brothers married to their cousin sisters, each with three affected children who presented antenatally with excessive fetal movements. Postnatally, they were found to have microcephaly, severe hyperekplexia and gross brain malformation characterized by severe simplified gyral pattern and cerebellar underdevelopment. The EEG was normal and they responded to clonazepam. All of the six patients died within six weeks. Laboratory investigations, including metabolic screen, were unremarkable. None of the known hyperkplexia genes were present within the overlapping regions of homozygosity between the two patients for whom DNA samples were available.CONCLUSIONS:
We present these cases as a novel syndrome of lethal familial autosomal recessive hyperekplexia associated with microcephaly and severe brain malformation.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Genéticas Ligadas ao Cromossomo X
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Epilepsia
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Malformações do Desenvolvimento Cortical
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
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Humans
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Male
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Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Neurol
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Arábia Saudita