Efficacy and safety of the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Gastroenterology
; 145(3): 574-82.e1, 2013 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23727264
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & AIMS:
Obeticholic acid (OCA; INT-747, 6α-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid) is a semisynthetic derivative of the primary human bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid, the natural agonist of the farnesoid X receptor, which is a nuclear hormone receptor that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. In animal models, OCA decreases insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.METHODS:
We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effects of OCA on insulin sensitivity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients were randomly assigned to groups given placebo (n = 23), 25 mg OCA (n = 20), or 50 mg OCA (n = 21) once daily for 6 weeks. A 2-stage hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic insulin clamp was used to measure insulin sensitivity before and after the 6-week treatment period. We also measured levels of liver enzymes, lipid analytes, fibroblast growth factor 19, 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (a BA precursor), endogenous bile acids, and markers of liver fibrosis.RESULTS:
When patients were given a low-dose insulin infusion, insulin sensitivity increased by 28.0% from baseline in the group treated with 25 mg OCA (P = .019) and 20.1% from baseline in the group treated with 50 mg OCA (P = .060). Insulin sensitivity increased by 24.5% (P = .011) in combined OCA groups, whereas it decreased by 5.5% in the placebo group. A similar pattern was observed in patients given a high-dose insulin infusion. The OCA groups had significant reductions in levels of γ-glutamyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase and dose-related weight loss. They also had increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fibroblast growth factor 19, associated with decreased levels of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and endogenous bile acids, indicating activation of farnesoid X receptor. Markers of liver fibrosis decreased significantly in the group treated with 25 mg OCA. Adverse experiences were similar among groups.CONCLUSIONS:
In this phase 2 trial, administration of 25 or 50 mg OCA for 6 weeks was well tolerated, increased insulin sensitivity, and reduced markers of liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Longer and larger studies are warranted. ClinicalTrials.gov, Number NCT00501592.Palavras-chave
7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one; ALT; AST; BA; C4; Clinical Trial; FGF; FXR; GIR; Metabolic Syndrome; NAFLD; NASH; OCA; Obesity; Treatment; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; bile acid; farnesoid X receptor; fibroblast growth factor; glucose infusion rate; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; obeticholic acid
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ácido Quenodesoxicólico
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Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Fígado Gorduroso
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Hipoglicemiantes
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Gastroenterology
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos