Impact of acute guanfacine administration on stress and cue reactivity in cocaine-dependent individuals.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse
; 41(2): 146-52, 2015 Mar.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25140866
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Stress and drug-paired cues increase drug craving and noradrenergic activity in cocaine-dependent individuals. Thus, medications that attenuate noradrenergic activity may be effective therapeutic treatment options for cocaine-dependent individuals.OBJECTIVES:
To examine the impact of acute administration of the α2 adrenergic receptor agonist guanfacine on responses to multiple risk factors for relapse in cocaine-dependent individuals.METHODS:
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, cocaine-dependent individuals (n = 84), were randomized to receive either 2 mg guanfacine (n = 50) or placebo (n = 34). Within each treatment arm, subjects were randomized to either a stress (guanfacine n = 26; placebo n = 15) or a no-stress (guanfacine n = 24; placebo n = 19) group. Participants in the stress group performed the Trier Social Stress Test. Subjects in each group were exposed to a neutral cue and then to cocaine-related cues. Plasma cortisol and subjective responses were compared between the four groups.RESULTS:
The no-stress guanfacine group reported greater craving in response to cocaine cues as compared to the neutral cue (p < 0.001). The guanfacine stress group reported greater subjective stress at the neutral cue than at baseline (p = 0.032). The cocaine cue increased subjective stress in the guanfacine (p < 0.001) no-stress group. There were no effects of guanfacine on cortisol levels in either the stress or no stress groups (all p > 0.70).CONCLUSION:
This study found no effects of a single 2 mg dose of guanfacine on reactivity to stress and cues alone or on the interaction of stress and drug cues. In cocaine-dependent individuals an acute 2 mg dose of guanfacine may not be an effective therapeutic treatment strategy.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Estresse Psicológico
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Hidrocortisona
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Guanfacina
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Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína
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Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos alfa 2
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article