A quantitative review of overjustification effects in persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
J Appl Behav Anal
; 50(2): 206-221, 2017 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27739068
ABSTRACT
The overjustification hypothesis suggests that extrinsic rewards undermine intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic rewards are common in strengthening behavior in persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities; we examined overjustification effects in this context. A literature search yielded 65 data sets permitting comparison of responding during an initial no-reinforcement phase to a subsequent no-reinforcement phase, separated by a reinforcement phase. We used effect sizes to compare response levels in these two no-reinforcement phases. Overall, the mean effect size did not differ from zero; levels in the second no-reinforcement phase were equally likely to be higher or lower than in the first. However, in contrast to the overjustification hypothesis, levels were higher in the second no-reinforcement phase when comparing the single no-reinforcement sessions immediately before and after reinforcement. Outcomes consistent with the overjustification hypothesis were somewhat more likely when the target behavior occurred at relatively higher levels prior to reinforcement.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Reforço Psicológico
/
Deficiências do Desenvolvimento
/
Controle Interno-Externo
/
Deficiência Intelectual
/
Motivação
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Appl Behav Anal
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article