Dyella acidisoli sp. nov., D. flagellata sp. nov. and D. nitratireducens sp. nov., isolated from forest soil.

Bacterial strains 4M-Z03T, 4M-K16T and DHG59T were isolated from forest soil samples collected from the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China (112° 31' E 23° 10' N). The three strains grew well at 28 °C, pH 5.0-6.0 on R2A medium. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the three strains, together with Dyella humi DHG40T, formed a distinct phyletic clade within the genus Dyella, and the sequence similarities between any strains of the clade ranged from 97.8 to 98.5 %. Sequence analysis of concatenated partial gyrB, lepA and recA gene sequences also strongly suggested that the three strains represented three novel species of the genus Dyella. The respiratory lipoquinone of the three strains was ubiquinone-8, and their DNA G+C content was 58.2-59.0 mol%. The fatty acid profiles differed substantially among these three strains, although they had two common major fatty acids, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The DNA-DNA relatedness among the three strains and the type strains of the closest species of the genus Dyella examined was lower than 50 %. The results of genotypic and phenotypic characterization presented above demonstrate that the three strains examined represent three novel species of the genus Dyella, for which the names Dyella acidisoli sp. nov. (type strain 4M-Z03T=NBRC 111980T=KCTC 52131T), Dyella flagellata sp. nov. (type strain 4M-K16T=NBRC 111981T=KCTC 52130T) and Dyella nitratireducens sp. nov. (type strain DHG59T=NBRC 111472T=LMG 29201T=CGMCC 1.15439T) are proposed.