Evolution and revolution in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss the evolution of the technique of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), including presenting important research that has made substantial improvements in patient outcome. RECENT FINDINGS: The last half century has seen the arising of guidelines for performing CPR increasingly based on good scientific evidence. Improvements in the technique, including teaching citizens 'compressions only CPR', have simplified the process of rescue while improving survival. SUMMARY: Numerous scientific studies and the better understanding of physiology have contributed to enhanced outcomes while creating community-based systems of care.