X-Chromosome Inactivation: A Crossroads Between Chromosome Architecture and Gene Regulation.
Annu Rev Genet
; 52: 535-566, 2018 11 23.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30256677
ABSTRACT
In somatic nuclei of female therian mammals, the two X chromosomes display very different chromatin states One X is typically euchromatic and transcriptionally active, and the other is mostly silent and forms a cytologically detectable heterochromatic structure termed the Barr body. These differences, which arise during female development as a result of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), have been the focus of research for many decades. Initial approaches to define the structure of the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and its relationship to gene expression mainly involved microscopy-based approaches. More recently, with the advent of genomic techniques such as chromosome conformation capture, molecular details of the structure and expression of the Xi have been revealed. Here, we review our current knowledge of the 3D organization of the mammalian X-chromosome chromatin and discuss its relationship with gene activity in light of the initiation, spreading, and maintenance of XCI, as well as escape from gene silencing.
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Texto completo:
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Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cromossomo X
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Cromatina
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Regulação da Expressão Gênica
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Inativação do Cromossomo X
Limite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Annu Rev Genet
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article