Segregating sustained attention from response inhibition in ADHD: An fMRI study.
Neuroimage Clin
; 21: 101677, 2019.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30682530
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The functional significance of the impairment shown by patients with ADHD on response inhibition tasks is unclear. Dysfunctional behavioral and BOLD responses to rare no-go cues might reflect disruption of response inhibition (mediating withholding the response) or selective attention (identifying the rare cue). However, a factorial go/no-go design (involving high and low frequency go and no-go stimuli) can disentangle these possibilities.METHODS:
Eighty youths [22 female, mean ageâ¯=â¯13.70 (SDâ¯=â¯2.21), mean IQâ¯=â¯104.65 (SDâ¯=â¯13.00); 49 with diagnosed ADHD] completed the factorial go/no-go task while undergoing fMRI.RESULTS:
There was a significant response type-by-ADHD symptom severity interaction within the left anterior insula cortex; increasing ADHD symptom severity was associated with decreased recruitment of this region to no-go cues irrespective of cue frequency. There was also a significant frequency-by-ADHD symptom severity interaction within the left superior frontal gyrus. ADHD symptom severity showed a quadratic relationship with responsiveness to low frequency cues (irrespective of whether these cues were go or no-go); within this region, at lower levels of symptom severity, increasing severity was associated with increased BOLD responses but at higher levels of symptom severity, decreasing BOLD responses.CONCLUSION:
The current study reveals two separable forms of dysfunction that together probably contribute to the impairments shown by patients with ADHD on go/no-go tasks.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Desempenho Psicomotor
/
Atenção
/
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade
/
Inibição Psicológica
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neuroimage Clin
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article