The role of protein complexes in human genetic disease.
Protein Sci
; 28(8): 1400-1411, 2019 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31219644
ABSTRACT
Many human genetic disorders are caused by mutations in protein-coding regions of DNA. Taking protein structure into account has therefore provided key insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying human genetic disease. Although most studies have focused on the intramolecular effects of mutations, the critical role of the assembly of proteins into complexes is being increasingly recognized. Here, we review multiple ways in which consideration of protein complexes can help us to understand and explain the effects of pathogenic mutations. First, we discuss disorders caused by mutations that perturb intersubunit interactions in homomeric and heteromeric complexes. Second, we address how protein complex assembly can facilitate a dominant-negative mechanism, whereby mutated subunits can disrupt the activity of wild-type protein. Third, we show how mutations that change protein expression levels can lead to damaging stoichiometric imbalances. Finally, we review how mutations affecting different subunits of the same heteromeric complex often cause similar diseases, whereas mutations in different interfaces of the same subunit can cause distinct phenotypes.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Proteínas
/
Doenças Genéticas Inatas
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Protein Sci
Assunto da revista:
BIOQUIMICA
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido