Impact of treatment plant management on human health and ecological risks from wastewater irrigation in developing countries - case studies from Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Int J Environ Health Res
; 31(4): 355-373, 2021 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31475566
ABSTRACT
Wastewater irrigation is a common practice in developing countries due to water scarcity and increasing demand for food production. However, there are health risks and ecological risks associated with this practice. Small-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) intend to decrease these risks but still face management challenges. This study assessed how the management status of five small-scale WWTPs in Cochabamba, Bolivia affects health risks associated with consumption of lettuce and ecological risks due to the accumulation of nutrients in the soil for lettuce and maize crops. Risk simulations for three wastewater irrigation scenarios were raw wastewater, actual effluent and expected effluent. Results showed that weak O&M practices can increase risk outcomes to higher levels than irrigating with raw wastewater. Improving O&M to achieve optimal functioning of small-scale WWTPs can reduce human health risks and ecological risks up to 2 log10 DALY person-1 year-1 and to 2 log10 kg nitrogen ha-1 accumulated in soil, respectively.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos
/
Purificação da Água
/
Países em Desenvolvimento
/
Irrigação Agrícola
/
Águas Residuárias
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Bolivia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Environ Health Res
Assunto da revista:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Suécia